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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #5414 - נָתַן
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2451) ntn (נתנ NTN) AC: Give CO: Gift AB: ?: [from: tn- removing]
V) ntn (נתנ NTN) - Give: [A generic verb with a wide application meaning to give] KJV (2008): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Hophal) give, put, deliver, made, set, up, lay, grant, suffer, yield, bring, cause, utter, send, recompense, appoint, show - Strongs: H5414 (נָתַן)
am) ntnm (מנתנ MNTN) - Gift: What is given. [df: Ntm] KJV (5): gift - Strongs: H4976 (מַתָּן)
af1 ) entnm (מנתנה MNTNH) - Gift: What is given. [Hebrew and Aramaic] [df: hntm] KJV (20): gift - Strongs: H4978 (מַתְּנָא), H4979 (מַתָּנָה)
af2 ) tntnm (מנתנת MNTNT) - Gift: What is given. [df: ttm] KJV (6): gift, give, reward - Strongs: H4991 (מַתַּת)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
נָתַן fut. יִתֵּן, יִתֶּן־, also נִתַּן 1 pers. (Judges 16:5 ), imp. תֵּן, with ה parag. תְּנָה, inf. absol. נָתוֹן, constr. תֵּת (for תֶּנֶת), with suff. תִּתִּי, rarely נְתֹן (Syr. ܢܬܰܓ).
(1) to give, followed by an acc. of the thing and לְ of pers. Genesis 25:6; Isaiah 8:18, etc.; אֶל of pers. Isaiah 29:11; Jeremiah 36:32 with suff. Joshua 15:19, נְתַתָּנִי “thou gavest me;” Isaiah 27:4 (compare other instances of a suffix which must be regarded as a dative, such as Zechariah 7:5, although in such cases it may still be taken as an acc., if, instead of to give, we substitute the idea to cause to receive; compare the verbs in Arab. عطا Conj. IV., and نال, ناول to give, with suff. of the person to whom any thing is given). Followed by an acc. of the thing and בְּ of the price, to give any thing for, Joel 4:3 Ezekiel 18:13 followed by אֶל to add something to, Ezek. 21:34. Impers. Proverbs 13:10, בְּזָדוֹן יִתֵּן מַצָּה “from pride arises strife,” ben Uebermuth gibt es Streit; Job 37:10.-Specially these phrases are to be remarked
(a) נָתַן יָת to give the hand (to the victor), see יָד No. 1, letter, but נָתַן יָדוֹ בְּ, see ibid, letter b.
(b) נָתַן בְּיַד to deliver into the power of any one, see יָד letter aa, ; also נָתַן לִפְנֵי (preiß geben), see לִפְנֵי under the word פָּנִים ; also followed by a dative, Isaiah 50:6, גֵּוִי נָתַתִּי לְמַכִּים “I gave my back to the smiters;” נָתַן עַל יְדֵי to give a command to any one, see יָד No. 1, letter ee.
(c) נָתַן עֹרֶף to give the back [to turn back], see עֹרֶף.
(d) נָתַן פְּרִי to give (yield or bear) fruit (as a tree), i.q. עָשָׂה פְּרִי Leviticus 25:19; Psalms 1:3; Ezekiel 34:27.
(e) נָתַן רַחֲמִים לְ to have compassion for any one, see רַחֲמִים
(f) עֹז לְ, נָתַן כָּבוֹד to ascribe glory or strength to any one, Psalms 68:35; Jeremiah 13:16.
(g) נָתַן בְּמִשְׁמָר to give any one into custody, see מִשְׁמָר, compare Genesis 39:20.
(h) מִי יִתֵּן who will give? a phrase used in wishing, i.q. Oh that any one would give, Oh that I had! see מִי No. 1,. It is construed followed by an acc. Deuteronomy 28:67, מִי־יִתֵּן עֶרֶב “Oh, that it were evening!” followed by an inf. Exodus 16:3, מִי־יִתֵּן מוּתֵנוּ “Oh that we had died!” Job 11:5 followed by a finite verb, either with or without the part. וְ, Deuteronomy 5:26; Job 19:23, 23:3.
Farther, to give is used
(α) for to teach, Proverbs 9:9, “give to a wise man (wisdom), and he will be still wiser.” Compare לֶקַח No. 2.
(β) to allow, to permit (like the Gr. δίδωμι, Lat. dare, largiri, Syr. and Arab. ܝ̱ܰܗܒ, وهب); followed by an acc. of pers. and a gerund of the verb, (prop. to give, i.e. to admit any one to do any thing, compare the same consecution in the synonymous verbs, הִנִּיחַ, root נוּחַ, and נָטַשׁ), Genesis 20:6. לֹא נְתַתִּיךָ לִנְגֹּעַ אֵלֶיהָ “I have not allowed thee to touch her;” Genesis 31:7; Exodus 3:19; Judges 1:34, 15:1 1 Samuel 18:2; Job 31:30; Psalms 16:10, 55:23 66:9 Ecclesiastes 5:5. Without לְ Job 9:18; Numbers 20:21 once with a dat. of pers. 2 Chronicles 20:10.
(γ) to utter, give forth, as the voice (see קוֹל ); impious words, Job 1:22 a sweet smell, Song of Solomon 1:12, 2:13 7:14 to give forth, i.e. to work a miracle, Exodus 7:9 (elsewhere שׂוּם מוֹפֵת), compare διδόναι σημεῖα, Matthew 24:24. A bolder use is נָתַן תֹּף to give forth a sound by striking a timbrel, i.e. to strike a timbrel, Psalms 81:3.
(2) i.q. שׂוּם to set, to put, to place (feßen, ftellen, legen). Genesis 1:17, 9:13 15:10 1 Kings 7:39; Ezekiel 3:20 e.g. to place snares, Psalms 119:110 defences (followed by עַל) Ezekiel 26:8 to make a covenant, Genesis 9:12, 17:2. Specially
(a) נָתַן לִפְנֵי to set before any one, 1 Kings 9:6.
(b) followed by acc. of pers. and עַל of pers. or thing; to set some one over any person or thing, Genesis 41:41, 43 Genesis 41:43; Deuteronomy 17:15 but with an acc. of thing, and עַל of pers. to impose any thing upon any one, as a yoke, 2 Chronicles 10:9 a fine, 2 Kings 23:33 also sin, i.e. to impute sin; to inflict its penalty upon any one, Jonah 1:14; Ezekiel 7:3 comp. Deuteronomy 21:8.
(c) נָתַן לֵב לְ to apply the heart to any thing, to devote oneself to any thing, Ecclesiastes 1:13, 17 8:9, 16 Daniel 10:12 a phrase which is more emphatic than שׂוּם לֵב עַל to turn the heart to anything. It is also said, נָתַן דָּבָר אֶל לֵב פּ׳ to put any thing into one’s heart, (used of God), Nehemiah 2:12, 7:5 and נָתַן אֶל לִבּוֹ ἐν φρεσὶ θεῖναι, Ecclesiastes 7:2, 9:1.
(3) to make, as שִׂים, שִׁית, Arab. جعل. Levit. 19:28, שֶׂרֶט לֹא תִתְּנוּ בִּבְשַׂרְכֶם “ye shall make no cutting in your flesh.” In like manner, נָתַן מוּם בְּ to cause a blemish, to injure any one, Levit. 24:20. Especially
(a) to make, or constitute any one to be anything, with two acc. Genesis 17:5, אַב הֲמוֹן גּוֹיִם נְתַתִּיךָ “a father of many nations have I made thee;” Exodus 7:1; Lamentations 1:13; Psalms 69:12, 89:28 with acc. and לְ of the predicate, Genesis 17:20, 48:4 Jeremiah 1:5.
(b) נָתַן דָּבָר כְּ to make a thing like, any thing similar to it. Isaiah 41:2, יִתֵּן כֶּעָפָר חָרְבּוֹ “he will make their sword as dust;” hence to regard, or treat any thing as like any thing else, to hold it as (behandeln als). 1 Kings 10:27, וַיִּתֵּן אֶת־הַכֶּסֶף כַּאֲבָנִים “and he made silver to be as stones.” Genesis 42:30, וַיִּתֵּן אֹתָנוּ כִּמְרַגְּלִים “and he held us as spies,” er behandelte uns wie Kundfchafter (comp. habere pro hoste, Liv. ii. 20); Ezekiel 28:2, Ezekiel 28:6. Followed by לִפְנֵי of judgment merely, to hold any one for so and so, i.e. to judge him to be such. 1 Samuel 1:16, “do not reckon me drunken.” Compare Greek τίθεσθαι, for νομίζειν, ἡγεῖσθαι, Passow, h. v. A, No. 5.
Niphal, pass. of Kal
(1) to be given, Exodus 5:18 Levit. 19:20 to be delivered, Leviticus 26:25 to be given forth (as a law), Esther 3:14.
(2) to be made, Leviticus 24:20 see Kal No. 3.
Hophal, only in fut. יֻתַּן i.q. Niph., Levit. 11:38 Numbers 26:54.
Note. In pret. Kal, the third radical Nun coalesces with the formative letters נָתַתָּ, נָתַתִּי; it once occurs defectively תַּתָּה 2 Samuel 22:41, for נָתַתָּה; like רַד Judges 19:11, for יָרַד. The passage, Psalms 8:2, has been much discussed, “Jehovah, our Lord, how excellent is thy name in all the earth;” אֲשֶׁר תְּנָה הוֹדְךָ עַל הַשָּׁמַיִם, where תְּנָה is taken by some for inf. absol., while some, with other points would read תֻּנָה. But as תְּנָה in twenty-three other places is the imp., it should not here be taken as anything else [?]; and there arises a very elegant sense if rendered; which thy glory set thou also above the heavens, i.e. Oh that the glory of God, which begins to be manifested on this earth (verse ), may be known and celebrated through the whole universe! [?]
Derived nouns, נְתִינִים, מַתָּן, מַתָּנָה, מַתַּת; also the proper names מַתְּנַי, מַתַּנְיָה, מַתַּתְיָה and the four which follow.
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