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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1911 - ἐπιβάλλω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to cast upon, to lay upon
- used of seizing one to lead him off as a prisoner
- to put (i.e. sew) on
- to throw one's self upon, rush in
- used of waves rushing into a ship
- to put one's mind upon a thing
- attend to
- it belongs to me, falls to my share
- Book
- Word
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this Strong's Number
ἐπιβάλλω:
I.
1. trans., throw or cast upon, θριξὶ.., ἃς ἐπέβαλλον (sc. πυρί) Il. 23.135; ἐπὶ δὲ χλαῖναν βάλεν αὐτῷ Od. 14.520, cf. 4.440; ἑωυτὸν ἐς τὸ πῦρ v.l. in Hdt. 7.107; φάρη κόραις E. El. 1221 (lyr.); ἐ. τινὰς ἐπὶ ἁμάξας Th. 4.48, cf. Hdt. 4.75, 5.112; ἐπιβάλλοντας (sc. χοῦν) throwing on more and more, Th. 2.76.
2.. lay on, [ ἡμιόνοις] ἐπέβαλλεν ἱμάσθλην Od. 6.320; ἐ. πληγάς τινι X. Lac. 2.8; Ζεὺς ἐπὶ χεῖρα βάλοι A. Ch. 395 (lyr.), cf. Ar. Nu. 933 (anap.); ἐ.τὴν χεῖρά τινι Id. Lys. 440 (but τῷ καρπῷ τοῦ νοσοῦντος τὴν χεῖρα, of feeling the pulse, Gal. 18(2).40; so τὴν ἁφήν Id. 8.821, Marcellin. Puls. 119); τὰς χεῖρας τοῖς κατ' Αἴγαιον Plb. 3.2.8; Ῥωμαίοις Id. 18.51.8; ἐπί τινα Matthew 26:50; impose as a tax tribute, τινί τι Hdt. 1.106, Th. 8.108; as a fine or penalty, ζημίην, φυγὴν ἐ. τινί, Hdt. 6.92 (Pass.), 7.3; ἀργύριον Lys. 9.6; ἐπιβολάς Id. 20.14, cf. Arist. Ath. 61.2; λύτρα LXX Exodus 21:30 (Pass.); inflict, θνατοῖς ἐ. ἀνάλγητα, λύπην, etc., S. Tr. 128 (lyr.), E. Med. 1115 (anap.), etc.
3.. ἐ. σφρηγῖδα, δακτύλιον, affix a seal, Hdt. 3.128, 2.38; σφραγῖδ' ἐπί τι Ar. Av. 559; σύμβολόν τινι ib. 1215.
4.. add, contribute, μικρὸν [ἀληθεία ] Arist. Metaph. 993b2; ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ ὕδωρ Thphr. Ign. 49; νέον [φῶς ] Pl. Cra. 409b: metaph., throw in, mention, τι dub. in S. El. 1246 (lyr.) (in Med., "" χαίρειν τεοῖς προθύροις ἐπιβάλλομαι Theoc. 23.27); Φαῖστος.. ἐπιβάλλων φησί Sch. Pi. P. 4.28: abs., bid higher, Arist. Pol. 1259a14.
5.. place next in order, Plb. 1.26.15.
6.. let grow, κλήματα Thphr. HP 4.13.5; βλαστούς ib. 3.5.1.
7.. let loose, πρόβατα ἐπὶ κνῆκον PRyl. 69.6 (i B.C.).
8.. causal of ἐπιβαίνω A. 111.3, D.Chr. 7.134.
II.
1. throw oneself upon, go straight towards, c. acc., ἡ δὲ Φεὰς ἐπέβαλλεν Od. 15.297: later c. dat. loci, Plb. 5.18.3, D.S. 1.30, Plot. 3.7.12, etc.; νήσοις Rhian. 39; εἰς Ιταλίαν, ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον, Plb. 2.24.17, 5.6.6, cf. PAmh. 2.31.5 (ii B.C.), etc.
2.. fall upon, ὅπου ἂν ὁ ἥλιος ἐ. Arist. HA 598a3; esp. in hostile sense, set upon, c.dat., ib. 623b1, etc.; τοῖσ' Αρβήλοις D.S. 17.64: abs., ἐ.ληστρικῷ τρόπῳ PRyl. 127.10 (i A.D.); ἐπιβάλλουσαι jostling, trampling, Pl. Phdr. 248a; sens. obsc., Ar. Av. 1216.
3.. (sc. τὸν νοῦν) set to a thing, devote oneself to it, c. dat., M.Ant. 10.30; τοῖς αὐλοῖς D.S. 3.59; τοῖς κοινοῖς πράγμασιν Plu. Cic. 4 (in full τὴν διάνοιαν ἐ. πρός τι D.S. 20.43): generally, give one's attention to, think on, Mark 14:72.. apprehend, Epicur. Fr. 423; attain by intuition, c.dat., Dam. Pr. 54.
4.. fall in one's way, ὅταν ἐπιβάλλῃ περὶ τῆς τοιαύτης πολιτείας ἡ σκέψις Arist. Pol. 1266a25; κατὰ τὸν ἐπιβάλλοντα λόγον Id. GA 716a3.
5.. follow, come next, Plb. 11.23.2; τισί Plu. Aem. 33; ἐφ' ὃν ἐπιβαλὼν ἔφη said thereupon, Plb. 1.80.1; interrupt, ἀποκρινομένῳ Thphr. Char. 7.2.
6.. belong to, fall to the share of, μόριον ὅσον αὐτοῖσι ἐπέβαλλε Hdt. 7.23, cf. Diph. 43.16; εἰ μὴ τὸ ὅλον, μέρος γε, ἐπιβάλλει τῆς βλασφημίας ἅπασι D. 18.272; ὅσον ἐπιβάλλει αὐτοῖς Arist. Pol. 1260a19; ἑκάστῳ τῆς εὐδαιμονίας ἐπιβάλλει τοσοῦτον ὅσονπερ ἀρετῆς ib. 1323b21; τῶν κτημάτων τὸ ἐπιβάλλον (sc. μέρος) the portion that falls to one, Hdt. 4.115, cf. LXX To. 3.17, 6.12; so τὸ ἐ. ἐφ' ἡμᾶς μέρος D. 18.254; τὸ ἐ. μέρος τῆς οὐσίας Luke 15:12, cf. PGrenf. 1.33.33 (ii B.C.), etc.; fall due, of payments, PLond. 1.3.21 (ii B.C.); τόκον ὃν ἔφη ἐπιβάλλειν αὑτῷ which was payable by him, BCH 6.21 (Delos, ii B.C.).. part. ἐπιβάλλων, in Law, next-of-kin, ὁ ἐ., οἱ ἐ., Leg.Gort. 7.36, 11.42, al.
7.. impers. c. acc. et inf., τοὺς Δελφοὺς δὴ ἐπέβαλλε.. παρασχεῖν it concerned them to provide, Hdt. 2.180: or c. dat. et inf., ἐπιβάλλει τινὶ ποιεῖν τι Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.39,al., Plb. 18.51.1; ἐπιβάλλοντος ἡμῖν εὐεργετικοῖς εἶναι Corn. ND 15; κοινῇ πᾶσιν ἐπιβάλλει UPZ 112.10 (ii B.C.); καθότι ἐπέβαλλεν ἀνδρὶ καλῷ καὶ ἀγαθῷ IG 12(7).231.5 (Amorgos): freq. in part., ἐπιβάλλουσαν ἡγεῖσθαι τὴν στρατείαν τινί incumbent upon.., Teles p.61 H.; τὸ ἐπιβάλλον Cleanth.Stoic. 1.128, Arr. Epict. 2.11.3, etc.; τὰς -ούσας τάσεις τῆς φωνῆς Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.96; τὸ τῇ φύσει ἐ. Antip.Stoic. 3.255; appropriate, ὑποδοχαί Teles p.41 H.; ἰήματα IG 22.1121.15; ἁρμονία Iamb. Comm. Math. 30; ἡ στέρησις ἐπιβάλλοντός ἐστι παρεῖναι εἴδους τινός a specific form which ought to be present, Plot. 1.8.11.
8.. shut to, close, of the larynx, Arist. PA 664b26.
9.. in Logic, λόγοι ἐπιβάλλοντες, -όμενοι, overlapping and overlapped, of syllogisms in a sorites, Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.85; so of Time, ἐπέβαλε τοῖς χρόνοις Ἰουλιανῷ Eun. VS p.497 B.: — Med., γηραιῷ τῷ Κυρηναίῳ ἐπεβάλετο Anon. Intr.Arat. p.326M.
10.. in Alchemy, make a `projection' (cf. ἐπιβολή), Syn.Alch.p.68B.
III.
1. Med., mostly like the intr. usages, but also: 1. c. gen., throw oneself upon, desire eagerly, ἐνάρων ἐπιβαλλόμενος Il. 6.68; παρθενίας ἐπιβάλλομαι Sapph. 102; τοῦ εὖ ζῆν ἐπιβάλλονται Arist. Pol. 1258a3.
2.. c. acc., put upon oneself, ἐπιβαλλομέναν.. πλόκον ἀνθέων E. Med. 840; ἐπιβάλλεσθαι put on more wraps, Thphr. Char. 2.10 (cf. IV. 1); ὕπνον ἡδὺν -όμενος D.Chr. 12.51: metaph., take possession of, καὶ ἐπὶ κλήρους ἐβάλοντο Od. 14.209; αὐθαίρετον δουλείαν ἐπιβαλεῖται will take upon himself, Th. 6.40.. of trees, make fresh growth, Thphr. HP 3.5.1.
3.. c.acc., also, attempt, undertake, ἔργον Pl. Sph. 264b, Ti. 48c; μέθοδον Arist. Pol. 1260b36: c. inf., Decr. ap. D. 18.164, Zeno Stoic. 1.68, Plb. 1.43.2, etc.: abs., πολλῶν -ημένων though many have made the attempt, Agatharch. 76.
4.. c. dat., put one's hand to, ἐχέτλῃ AP 7.650 (Phal. (?)): metaph., apply or devote oneself to, τόλμῃ καὶ πράξει Plb. 5.81.1; ἐγχειρήματι μεγάλῳ D.H. 5.25, etc.
5.. arrive at, [ πολίεσσι ] Call. Del. 68; ὅταν ἐπὶ τοὺς χρόνους ἐπιβαλώμεθα D.S. 19.55.
6.. ἐπὶ πᾶσι -εβάλοντο brought up the rear, Id. 18.33..
1. in Pass., lie upon, be put upon, ἐπιβεβλημένοι τοξόται archers with their arrows on the string, X. An. 4.3.28, cf. 5.2.12; λάσιον ἐπιβεβλημένος having a rough cloak on, Theopomp.Com. 36; τὸ ἐν ψύχει κεῖσθαι -ημένον Hp. Epid. 2.3.1, cf. 6.4.14; διφθέραν -ημένη D.Chr. 5.25.
2.. to be set over, ὁ τελώνης ὁ ἐπιβεβλημένος τῷ Ζεύγματι Philostr. VA 1.20.
3.. Rhet., ornate (v. ἐπιβολή), ἰδέα λόγων οὔτ' ἐπιβεβλημένη οὔτ' αὖος Id. VS 1.20.2.
ἐπιβάλλω; imperfect ἐπεβαλλον; future ἐπιβάλω; 2 aorist ἐπέβαλον (3 person plural ἐπεβαλαν, Acts 21:27 T Tr WH; Mark 14:46 T WH (see ἀπέρχομαι, at the beginning));
1. Transitively,
a. to cast upon: τίνι βρόχον, 1 Corinthians 7:35; τίνι τά ἱμάτια, Mark 11:7; (χοῦν ἐπί τάς κεφαλάς, Revelation 18:19, WH marginal reading); to lay upon, ἐπί τινα τήν χεῖρα or τάς χεῖρας, used of seizing one to lead him off as a prisoner: Matthew 26:50; Mark 14:46 R G L; Luke 20:19; Luke 21:12; John 7:30 (L marginal reading ἔβαλεν), 44 (L Tr WH the simple βάλλειν); Acts 5:18; Acts 21:27 (for the Hebrew פ אֶל יָד שָׁלַח ..., Genesis 22:12); also τάς χεῖρας τίνι, Mark 14:46 T Tr WH; Acts 4:3 (Polybius 3, 2, 8; 5, 5; Lucian, Tim. 4); ἐπιβάλλειν τάς χεῖρας followed by the infinitive indicating the purpose, Acts 12:1; τήν χεῖρα ἐπ' ἄροτρον, to put the hand to the plow (to begin work), Luke 9:62.
b. to put (i. e. sew) on: ἐπίβλημα ἐπί ἱμάτιον, Luke 5:36; ἐπί ἱματίῳ, Matthew 9:16.
2. Intransitive, (as in Greek writings from Homer down (cf. Winers Grammar, 251 (236); Buttmann, 144f (126f)) to throw oneself upon, rush upon: εἰς τό πλοῖον, of waves rushing into a ship, Mark 4:37; to put one's mind upon a thing, attend to, with the dative of the thing: τούτῳ γάρ ἐπιβαλλων for if you think thereon, Antoninus 10, 30; μηδενί γάρ ἐπιβάλλειν μηδετεραν (i. e. τήν αἴσθησιν καί τήν νοησιν) χωρίς τοῦ προσπιπτοντος εἰδώλου, Plutarch, plac. phil. 4, 8; absolutely, ἐπιβαλών, SC. τῷ ῤήματι τοῦ Ἰησοῦ, when he had considered the utterance of Jesus, Mark 14:72; cf. Kypke (Wetstein (1752), McClellan) at the passage; Buttmann, 145 (127); (and for the different interpretations see Meyer and especially Morison at the passage).
3. Impersonally, ἐπιβάλλει μοι it belongs to me, falls to my share: τό ἐπιβάλλον (namely, μοι) μέρος τῆς οὐσίας, Luke 15:12 (κτημάτων τό ἐπιβάλλον, Herodotus 4, 115; τό ἐπιβάλλον αὐτοῖς μέρος, Diodorus 14, 17, and the like often in other writings (see Meyer; σοι ἐπιβάλλει ἡ κληρονομία, Tobit 6:12 (cf. Tobit 3:17; 1 Macc. 10:30, etc.))).
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ἐπι -βάλλω ,
[in LXX for H7971, H7896, etc.;]
1. trans., to cast, lay or put upon: c. acc et dat., Mark 11:7, 1 Corinthians 7:35; c. acc, seq. ἐπί c. acc, Revelation 18:10, WH, mg.; τ . Χεῖρα (-ας ) ἐπί (B1., § 37, 7), of seizing a prisoner, Matthew 26:50, Luke 20:19; Luke 21:12, John 7:30, Acts 5:18; Acts 21:27; c. dat. (Polyb.), Mark 14:46 Acts 4:3; c. inf., Acts 12:1; τὴν χ . ἐπ᾿ ἄροτρον , Luke 9:62; ἐπίβλημα ἐπὶ ἱμάτιον , Luke 5:36; ἐπὶ ἱματίῳ , Matthew 9:16.
2. Intrans.,
(a) to throw oneself or rush upon: τ . κύματα εἰς τ . πλοῖον , Mark 4:37; metaph., to put one's mind upon (but v. Field, Notes, 41 ff.), ἐπιβαλὼν ἔκλαιεν , when he thought thereon (sc. τ . ῥήματι ), he wept (EV, txt.; R, mg., he began to weep; cf. M, Pr., 131): Mark 14:72 (v. also Swete, in l);
(b) to fall to one's share: τὸ ἐπιβάλλον (sc. dat.; Hdt., a1., a technical formula freq. in Papyri; Deiss., BS, 230, LAE, 152), Luke 15:12.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For the transitive use of this verb, cf. P Leid W iii. 41 (ii/iii A.D.) οἶς (sc. τοῖς λύχνοις) οὐκέτι ἐπιβαλεῖς ἔλαιον, so xv. 37. In P Ryl II. 69.6 (B.C. 34) we have a complaint against a man — ἐπιβαλό (ντος) . . . τὰ ἑαυτοῦ πρόβατα ἐφ᾽ ὃν ἔχομεν ἐν τῶι ψυγμῶι. . κνῆκον, ";having let his sheep loose on the cnecus which we have in the drying-place"; (Edd.), while in P Leid G.19 (B.C. 181–145) the phrase ἐπιβάλλειν [ἐπ᾽ ἐμὲ ] τὰς χεῖρας is used with the idea of violence, as in Matthew 26:50 al. For the intrans. use meaning ";attack,"; cf. P Ryl II. 127.10 (A.D. 29) ἐπιβαλόντες τινὲς λῃστρικῶι τρόπωι ὑπώρυξαν. . τὸ ἀπὸ βορρᾶ τεῖχος τοῦ οἴκου, ";certain individuals making a thievish incursion undermined the northern wall of the house"; (Edd.), ib. 133.9 (A.D. 33) ἐπιβαλὼν Ὀ. εἰς τὸ λεγόμενον Τ. ἔμβλημ (α), ";O. making an attack upon the dam (?) called that of T."; (Edd.). A late usage by which the verb = ";arrive at,"; ";reach to"; may be illustrated by P Par 6.7 (B.C. 129) Λόχου τοῦ συγγενοῦς [ἐπι ]βεβληκότ [ος ] εἰς Διόσπολιν [τὴν ] μεγάλην, P Amh II. 31.5 (B.C. 112) ἐπιβάλλοντες εἰς τὸν Παθυρίτην διεπεμψάμεθα κτλ., and the almost technical phrase ἐπιβάλλειν ἐπὶ τοὺς τόπους in P Hal I. 8.4 (B.C. 232), P Grenf I. 40.7 (ii/B.C.). The sense of ";endeavour"; underlies the use of the mid. followed by the inf. in P Par 63.136 (B.C. 164) (= P Petr III. p. 30) ἐπιγράφει [ν τοῖς ] μὴ δυναμένοις ἐπιβεβλημένους, ";endeavouring to impose the corvée on those who cannot perform it"; (Mahaffy), ib. 29.26 (B.C. 161–0) ὑμῖν δὲ γίνοιτο πᾶν ὃ ἄν ἐπιβάλλησθ᾽ ἐπιτυγχάνειν. The legal phrase τὸ ἐπιβάλλον μέρος, as in Luke 15:12, is very common : in addition to exx. in Deissmann BS p. 230 cf. P Grenf. I. 33.83 (c. B.C. 103–2) τὰς ἐπιβαλλούσας αὐτῇ μερίδας γῆς, P Oxy IV. 715.13 ff. (A.D. 131) τὸ ἐπιβάλλ [ον ] αὐτῶι. . τρίτον μέρος οἰκίας καὶ τὸ ἐπιβάλλον αὐτῶι μέρος ψιλοῦ τόπου, P Fay 93.8 (A.D. 161) ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐπιβάλλοντός σοι [ἡμί ]σους μέρους. See also P Hib I. 115.3, .22 (c. B.C. 250) ἐπιβάλλει of instalments of money falling due, P Lond 3.21 (B.C. 146 or 135) (= I. p. 46) καρπείων ἐπιβαλλόντων μοι, P Fay 100.20 (A.D. 99) τὰς ἐπιβαλλούσας μοι ἀργ (υρίου) (δραχμὰς) τριακοσίας, BGU I. 194.12 (A.D. 177) τὰς λειτουργείας ἐπιβαλλούσας αὐτοῖς. Other impersonal exx. are P Par 63.10 (B.C. 164) (= P Petr III. p. 18) κοινῆι πᾶσιν ἐπιβάλλει, ";is a common duty incumbent on all"; (Mahaffy), P Tebt I. 40.12 (B.C. 117) (= Selections, p. 28) διὰ τὸ μάλιστα ἐπιβάλλειν προνοεῖσθαι τῶν βασιλικῶν, ";because it chiefly falls to you to look after the interests of the Crown."; Another passage from the Tebtunis papyri throws a welcome light on the crux of Mark 14:72. In I. 50.12 (B.C. 112–1) ἐπιβαλὼν συνέχωσεν τὰ ἐν τῆι ἑαυτοῦ γῆι μέρη τοῦ σημαινομένου ὑδραγωγοῦ, we translate ";set to and dammed up"; the part of the water-course in question : see further in Proleg. p. 131, and cf. Allen ad Mk l.c. where this rendering of ἐπιβαλών in the Markan passage is accepted as probable, and the use of the word for the Evangelist’s favourite ἤρξατο is explained as due to a misreading of the Aramaic original. Note that ἐπιβαλών occurs also in Syr. S aeth = 565 at Mark 10:50 (see Burkitt Ev. Da-Mepharreshe ii. p. 250).
For ἐπιβολή = ἐπιβάλλον μέρος, see P Tebt II. 391.19 (A.D. 99) τὸ λοιπὸν τῆς ἐπιβολῆς τῆς λαογραφίας with the editor’s note. It is common = ";embankment"; as in P Petr I. 23.3 εἰς ἐπιβολὴν παλαιοῦ χώματος. In P Lond 1157.111 (A.D. 197–8 ?) (= III. p. 66) the editors suggest that in the phrase ἐπιβολ (ῆς) πηχισμοῦ the reference is to an ";additional charge"; for certain measurements, or to an ";allotment"; of such a charge.
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