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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #5307 - נָפַל
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to fall, lie, be cast down, fail
- (Qal)
- to fall
- to fall (of violent death)
- to fall prostrate, prostrate oneself before
- to fall upon, attack, desert, fall away to, go away to, fall into the hand of
- to fall short, fail, fall out, turn out, result
- to settle, waste away, be offered, be inferior to
- to lie, lie prostrate
- (Hiphil)
- to cause to fall, fell, throw down, knock out, lay prostrate
- to overthrow
- to make the lot fall, assign by lot, apportion by lot
- to let drop, cause to fail (figuratively)
- to cause to fall
- (Hithpael)
- to throw or prostrate oneself, throw oneself upon
- to lie prostrate, prostrate oneself
- (Pilel) to fall
- (Qal)
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
2421) lpn (נפל NPL) AC: Fall CO: ? AB: ?: (eng: fall - with the removal of the n)
V) lpn (נפל NPL) - Fall: [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (445): (vf: Paal, Hiphil, Hitpael) fall, cast, divide, overthrow, present, lay, rot, accept, inferior, light, lost - Strongs: H5307 (נָפַל), H5308 (נְפַל)
Nm) lpn (נפל NPL) - Miscarriage: As a fallen pregnancy. KJV (3): birth - Strongs: H5309 (נֶפֶל)
am) lpnm (מנפל MNPL) - Refuse: What is thrown down as worthless. [df: lpm] KJV (2): flake, refuse - Strongs: H4651 (מַפָּל)
af1 ) elpnm (מנפלה MNPLH) - Ruin: A pile of refuse as a fallen or thrown down. [df: hlpm] KJV (3): ruin, ruinous - Strongs: H4654 (מַפָּלָה)
af2 ) tlpnm (מנפלת MNPLT) - Fall: Something that is fallen. [df: tlpm] KJV (8): fall, ruin, carcass - Strongs: H4658 (מַפֶּלֶת)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Qal366 Perfect ׳נ Judges 5:27 +, 3 feminine singular נָָֽפְלָה Genesis 15:12 +, etc.; Imperfect יִמֹּל 1 Samuel 14:45 +, וַיִּמֹּל Judges 4:16 +; 1 singular אֶמֹּל 1 Chronicles 21:13 (needless change from 1 plural נִמְּלָה "" 2 Samuel 24:14 We Dr); 3 masculine plural יִמְּלוּ Hosea 7:16 +, יִמֹּ֑לוּ Isaiah 3:25 +, 3 feminine plural תִּמֹּ֫לְנָה Ezekiel 13:11; Ezekiel 30:25, etc.; Imperative masculine plural נִפְלוּ Hosea 10:8; Jeremiah 25:27; Infinitive absolute נָפוֺל Esther 6:13; construct נְפֹל Isaiah 30:25 +; לִנְמֹּל Jeremiah 51:49 +; suffix נָפְלוֺ 1 Samuel 29:3, נִפְלוֺ 2 Samuel 1:10, נִפְלָם Jeremiah 49:21 (on these forms compare Ba NB 104); Participle נֹפֵל Judges 4:22 +; feminine נֹפֶ֫לֶת Genesis 15:12 +; plural נֹפְלִים Joshua 8:25 + (insert also 1 Samuel 28:19b ᵐ5 Th We Dr Kit Bu HPS; Klo כֹּרְעִים), etc.; —
1 fall, by accident, שָֿׁ֫מָּה׳וְנ Exodus 21:33 (E) and there fall into it (a pit) an ox or an ass, compare Deuteronomy 22:4 (בַּדֶּרֶךְ, on the way),bird עַלמַּֿח Amos 3:5; subject person, 1 Samuel 4:18 (from seat, מֵעַל), Deuteronomy 22:8 (twice in verse) (from roof, מִן); often into (ב) pit (usually figurative) Proverbs 26:27; Proverbs 28:10, also (absolute), Proverbs 22:14, Ecclesiastes 10:8; Psalm 7:16; Psalm 57:7 (בְּתוֺךְ), compare Psalm 35:8; Psalm 141:10 (net), also, with אֶל, Isaiah 24:18 = Jeremiah 48:44; fall בְּלֵב יַמִּים Ezekiel 25:27; opposed to קוּם Jeremiah 8:4 compare Ecclesiastes 4:10 (twice in verse); with אָחוֺר fall backward Genesis 49:17 (poem); with בְּעַד through 2 Kings 1:2 compare (of locusts) Joel 2:8; עַלחֶֿרֶב׳נ causing death 1 Samuel 31:4,5 = 1 Chronicles 10:4,5; עַלמָּֿנָיו אַ֫רְצָה׳נ 1 Samuel 17:49 (Goliath); subject thing, 2 Kings 2:13,14 (מֵעַל), 2 Kings 6:5 (אֶלֿ into water), 2 Kings 6:6 (absolute); with עַל Leviticus 11:32,35,37,38, אֶלֿ Leviticus 11:33; absolute of tent Judges 7:13 + Judges 7:13 (gloss, GFM, Bu); of wall Joshua 6:5 (JE), Jeremiah 51:44, figurative Ezekiel 13:11 (strike out ᵐ5ᵑ6 Sm Co Berthol), Ezekiel 13:12; Ezekiel 13:14, לְאֶרֶץ Ezekiel 38:20; + תַּחְתֶּיהָ i.e. flat Joshua 6:20; ׳נ of bricks Isaiah 9:9 (in figurative), מֶּרֶץ Isaiah 30:13; towes Isaiah 30:25, foundations Jeremiah 50:15; wall fell upon (על) 1 Kings 20:30, so of house Judges 16:30; Job 1:19, mountains Hosea 10:8; mountain also absolute Job 14:18 (compare נָבֵל), height Ezekiel 38:20; tree Ecclesiastes 11:3 (twice in verse) (ב location), compare Isaiah 10:34 (בְ instrumental, in figure), Zechariah 11:2 (absolute); branches Ezekiel 31:12 (figurative); a grain Amos 9:9 (אֶרֶץ = to earth); of dew 2 Samuel 17:12 (with על), hailstones Ezekiel 13:11; blood (אַ֫רְצָה) 1 Samuel 26:20; hair of head (ארצה) 1 Samuel 14:45; 2 Samuel 14:11; 1 Kings 1:52; horns of altar Amos 3:14 (לָאָרֶץ); peg Isaiah 22:25; fruit עַלמֶּֿה Nahum 3:12; crown Lamentations 5:16; arm from (מִן) shoulder Job 31:22; of sword (apparently) 2 Samuel 20:8 (but on text see Commentaries); fire from heaven, absolute 1 Kings 18:38 with מִן Job 1:16; hand of ׳י Ezekiel 8:1 (with עַלֿ; but read וַתְּהִיᵐ5 Co Berthol); spirit of ׳י Ezekiel 11:5 (עַלֿ); of lot (גּוֺרָל) Ezekiel 24:6; Jonah 1:7 (both with עַל), 1 Chronicles 26:14 (with לְ; "" יָצָא), + Esther 3:7 ᵐ5 Ry Wild (עַל); compare Hiph`il 3; hence (of share, inheritance) fall, be allotted, to (לְ) Judges 18:1 (ב = as: בְּ 17c; so Numbers 34:2; Ezekiel 47:14), Psalm 16:6, absolute Joshua 17:5. — On Ezekiel 47:22 b see Hiph`il 3.
2. a. Especially of violent death (c. 96t.), Judges 5:27 (3t. in verse) (+ שָׁדוּד), 1 Samuel 4:10; 1 Samuel 14:13; 2 Samuel 11:17; 2 Samuel 21:9; 1 Kings 22:20 2 Chronicles 18:9, etc.; + וַיָּמָת, etc.; 2 Samuel 1:4; 2 Samuel 2:23 (twice in verse); חָלָל׳נ fall pierced (fatally) Judges 9:40; 1 Samuel 17:52; 1 Samuel 31:1 = 1 Chronicles 10:1 +; חַלְלֵי חֶרֶב Ezekiel 35:8; compare בְּתוֺח חֲלָלִים Ezekiel 32:20; תַּחַת הֲרוּגִים׳נ Isaiah 10:4; מְּגָרִים׳נ corpses fall Jeremiah 9:21; Numbers 14:29 (P), Numbers 14:32 (JE); by the sword, בַּחֶרֶב Amos 7:17; Hosea 7:16; Hosea 14:1; Isaiah 3:25; 2 Samuel 1:12; Ezekiel 5:12; Ezekiel 6:11; Numbers 14:3,43 (JE), (+ בָּרָעָב, בַּדֶּבֶר), etc.; לְפִי חֶרֶב׳נ Joshua 8:24 (JE), Judges 4:16; בְּיַד by the hand of 2 Samuel 21:22; 2 Samuel 24:14 (twice in verse) = 1 Chronicles 21:13 (twice in verse), 1 Chronicles 5:10; 1 Chronicles 20:8; תַּחַת רגליִ׳נ fall under my feet 2 Samuel 22:39 = Psalm 18:39.
b. figurative = go to ruin, perish, etc. (c. 30t.); Amos 5:2; Amos 8:14 +; often "" כָּשַׁל Isaiah 3:8; Isaiah 8:15 (+ other words), Isaiah 31:3; Jeremiah 8:12; Jeremiah 46:12; Jeremiah 50:32; Psalm 27:2; Proverbs 24:17; "" כָּרַע Psalm 20:9; figurative of earth Isaiah 24:20 (opposed to קוּם), Haman falls before (לִפְנֵי) Mordecai Esther 6:13 (twice in verse); compare Isaiah 14:12 (absolute); peculiar to Prov are בְּרִשְׁעָה׳נ Proverbs 11:5, בְּרַע Proverbs 13:17, בְּרָעָה Proverbs 17:20; Proverbs 28:14.
c. figurative = experience calamity Micah 7:8 (opposed to קוּם), Psalm 37:34; Psalm 145:14; Proverbs 24:16.
d. fall, of a city Jeremiah 51:8 ("" וַתִּשָּׁבֵר).
3. a. Fall prostrate, Judges 19:26,27, + אַ֫רְצָה Job 1:20; fall at full length (in a faint) וַיִּמֹּל מְלֹאֿקוֺמָתוֺ 1 Samuel 28:20; sink down Numbers 24:4,16 (J E; supernatural influence); of arms of Pharaoh Ezekiel 30:25 (opposed to חָזַק).
b. fall = prostrate oneself before (לִפְנֵי) man Genesis 50:18 (E), 2 Samuel 19:19; Genesis 44:14 (J; + אַ֫רְצָה); before ׳י 2 Chronicles 20:18; אֶלמָּֿנָיו אַ֫רְצָה׳נ before ׳י or his representative Joshua 5:14; Joshua 7:6 (both J E); also (ארצה omitted) Ezekiel 43:3; Ezekiel 44:4; before Prayer of Manasseh 2Samuel 14:22; more often עַלמָּֿנָיו׳נ, before Prayer of Manasseh 2Samuel 9:6; 1 Kings 18:7,39; Ruth 2:10, before ׳י Genesis 17:3,17 6t. P, Ezekiel 3:23; Ezekiel 9:8; Ezekiel 11:13; 1 Chronicles 21:16; Daniel 8:17; + אַ֫רְפָה, before Prayer of Manasseh 2Samuel 14:4, before ׳י Judges 13:20; לְאַמָּיו אַ֫רְצָה 1 Samuel 20:41, לְאַמֵּי דָוִד עַלמָּֿנֶיהָ 1 Samuel 25:23, ארצה׳נ 2 Samuel 1:2 (all before man); עַלרַֿגְלָיו׳נ fall at one's feet 1 Samuel 25:24; 2 Kings 4:37, ׳לִפְנֵי ר Esther 8:3. See synonym below קדד.
c. fall upon (עַל) one's neck, in embrace Genesis 33:4; Genesis 46:29 (both J), Genesis 45:14 (E), עַלמְּֿנֵי אָבִיו Genesis 50:1 (J).
4. a. Fall upon (עַל) = attack Jeremiah 48:32 (figurative), compare Isaiah 16:9; with בְּ Joshua 11:7 (D), absolute Job 1:15; אִישׁ אֶלרֵֿעֵהוּ׳נ Jeremiah 46:16.
b. desert or fall away to, go over to, with עַלֿ 2 Kings 25:11 (twice in verse) = Jeremiah 52:15 (twice in verse), Jeremiah 21:9; Jeremiah 37:14; Jeremiah 39:9; 1 Chronicles 12:20; 1 Chronicles 12:21 (twice in verse) (van d. H. v. 1 Chronicles 12:19; v. 1 Chronicles 12:20; v. 1 Chronicles 12:20), 2 Chronicles 15:9, with אֶלֿ 2 Kings 7:4; Jeremiah 37:13; Jeremiah 38:19, absolute 1 Samuel 29:3; Jeremiah 39:9.
c.בְּיַד ׳נ fall into the hand (power) of Judges 15:18; Lamentations 1:7: — compare also 2. a. above
5 Figurative, of deep sleep, with עַל Genesis 15:12 (J), 1 Samuel 26:12; Job 4:13; Job 33:15; face, countenance (in displeasure) Genesis 4:5,6 (J); לֵב אָדָם עָלָיו׳נ 1 Samuel 17:32 (of sinking heart); וַיִּמְּלוּ בְעֵינֵיהֶם) Nehemiah 6:16 and they were cast down in their ( own) eyes (compare BeRy, Ryle); of calamity followed by עַלֿ Isaiah 47:11; Ecclesiastes 9:12; terror, etc., followed by עַלֿ Genesis 15:12 (J), Joshua 2:9 (JE), Exodus 15:16 (song), 1 Samuel 11:7; Job 13:11; Psalm 55:5; Psalm 105:38; Esther 8:17; Esther 9:2,3; Daniel 10:7; reproach, followed by עַלֿ Psalm 69:10; = fail to be accomplished Joshua 21:43; Joshua 23:14 (twice in verse) (all D), 1 Kings 8:56; 2 Kings 10:10 (+ אַ֫רְצָה); = not to be reckoned Numbers 6:12 (P); of word (דָּבָר) falling into (ב) Israel Isaiah 9:7; = fall out, turn out, result Ruth 3:18 (subject דָּבָר).
6 Other idiomatic uses are:לְמִשְׁכָּב ׳נ take to one's bed Exodus 21:18 (E); settle Genesis 25:18 (J); = alight quickly, מֵעַל הַגָּמָל Genesis 24:64 (J), מֵעַלהַמֶּרְכָּבָה 2 Kings 5:21; waste away Numbers 5:21,22,27; = be born Isaiah 26:18 (compare
Hiph`il Isaiah 26:19); = be offered, of supplication (׳לִפְנֵי י) Jeremiah 36:7; Jeremiah 37:20; Jeremiah 42:2 (compare Hiph`il 6); with מִן = be inferior to Job 12:3; Job 13:2.
7 = lie, of Midianites, etc. (like locusts; ב location) Judges 9:12; = lie prostrate, 1 Samuel 19:24; usually participle Joshua 7:10 (J E; עַלמָּֿנֶיךָ), 1 Samuel 5:3,4 (לְפָנָיו), Amos 9:11, עַלהַֿמִּטָּה Esther 7:8; of the dead 1 Samuel 31:8 = 1 Chronicles 10:8; Deuteronomy 21:1; Ezekiel 32:27 (Co conjecture נְפִילִים [compare Genesis 6:4], see also Berthol Toy Hpt); נֹפֵל אַ֫רְצָה מֵת Judges 3:25; compare Judges 4:22 (omit ארצה); אַ֫רְצָה׳מְּגָרִים נ 2 Chronicles 20:24; compare also Ezekiel 32:22,23,24 (strike out in Ezekiel 32:22 Hi Co Berthol, in Ezekiel 32:23 ToyHpt).
Hiph`il Perfect הִמִּיל 1 Samuel 3:19 +; 2 masculine singular suffix הִמַּלְתָּם Psalm 73:18; 3 plural הִמִּילוּ Judges 2:19 +; 1 plural הִמַּלְנוּ Nehemiah 10:35, etc.; Imperfect יַמִּיל Exodus 21:27, וַיַּמֵּל Genesis 2:21 +, suffix יַמִּלֵם Psalm 140:11; 3 masculine plural יַמִּילוּ 2 Kings 3:25; Psalm 22:19, יַמִּיל֑וּן Job 29:24, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הַמִּלֶהָ Joshua 13:6; masculine plural הַמִּילוּ 1 Samuel 14:42; Infinitive construct לְהַמִּיל 1 Samuel 18:25 +; לַנְמִּל Numbers 5:22 read לִנְמֹּל (Di Ol§ 78 c Sta§ 114a, 2 Kö i. 309 Ges§ 66, 2 R 1); Participle מַמִּיל 2 Kings 6:5 2t., plural מַמִּילִים Daniel 9:18; —
1 cause to fall, with accusative, literally:
a. fell tree 2 Kings 3:19,25; compare 2 Kings 6:5.
b. throw down wall 2 Samuel 20:15.
c. knock out tooth Exodus 21:27 (E).
d. lay prostrate Deuteronomy 25:2 (for bastinado).
e. cast (cedar pillars) into (עַלֿ) fire Jeremiah 22:7; so (with ב), wicked men Psalm 140:11.
f. make sword drop from (מִן) hand Ezekiel 30:22 (figurative), compare Ezekiel 39:3.
g. cause stone to fall עַל Numbers 35:23, flesh Psalm 78:28 (בְּקֶרֶב), stars Daniel 8:10 (in vision).
2 Of causing deathבַּחֶרֶב 2 Kings 19:7 = Isaiah 37:7; Jeremiah 19:7; Ezekiel 32:12 (all ׳י subject), 2 Chronicles 32:21 (human subject); בְּיַד 1 Samuel 18:25; + חֲלָלִים Ezekiel 6:4; Proverbs 7:26; also Psalm 106:26; Daniel 11:12 = overthrow, bring to destruction, Psalm 37:14; Psalm 73:18 (with ל), Psalm 106:27.
3 Especially of casting lot (גּוֺרָל), Isaiah 34:17 (with לְ for), Nehemiah 10:35 (with עַל + infinitive), Nehemiah 11:1 (c. infinitive), 1 Chronicles 26:14 (with לְ; so read Kit Hpt compare ᵐ5ᵑ9 Be Öttli), Psalm 22:19 (with עַל), Esther 9:24 (c. infinitive); absolute Jonah 1:7 (twice in verse); 1 Chronicles 24:31; 1 Chronicles 25:8; 1 Chronicles 26:13; Esther 3:7; + בְּתוֺכֵנוּ Proverbs 1:14 (i.e. share with us); omitted גּוֺרָל 1 Samuel 14:32 (with בֵּין), Job 6:27 (with עַל); hence ׳הִמּ = assign, apportion, by lot, usually with לְ person, Joshua 13:6; Joshua 23:4 (both D), Ezekiel 45:1; Ezekiel 47:22 a = Ezekiel 47:22 b (read יַמִּילוּᵑ9 ᵑ7 Hi-Sm Co Berthol), Ezekiel 48:29 (read בְנַחֲלָה for ׳מנᵐ5 ᵑ9 Hi-Sm, etc.), Psalm 78:55 (compare Qal 1 end; andבְּ 17c).
4 Figurative, let drop, cause to fail (cf Qal 5), Judges 2:19; Esther 6:10, + אַ֫רְצָה 1 Samuel 3:19.
5 Cause deep sleep to fall (עַלֿ) Genesis 2:21 (J), Proverbs 19:15 (absolute), make countenance fall, look displeased at (ב), Jeremiah 3:12, compare Job 29:24 (object אוֺר מָּנַי); cause terror, etc., to fall (עַלֿ) Jeremiah 15:8.
6 Other idioms are: bring to life (properly drop young) Isaiah 26:19 (figurative); present supplication Jeremiah 38:26; Jeremiah 42:9; Daniel 9:18,20 (all with לִפְנֵי); — on both compare Qal 6.
Hithpa`el throw, or prostrate oneself,
1 Infinitive construct הִתְנַמֵּל throw himself upon (על) Genesis 43:18 (J; i.e. attack).
2 Perfect 1 singular הִתְנַמָּ֑לְתִּי Deuteronomy 9:25; Imperfect 1 singular וָאֶתְנַמַּל Deuteronomy 9:18,25; Participle מִתְנַמֵּל Ezra 10:1; — prostrate oneself and lie prostrate, ׳לִפְנֵי י. —
Pil`el.וְנִפְלַל Ezekiel 28:23, read וְנָפַל Hi-Sm Co Berthol.
נְפַל verb fall (see Biblical Hebrew); —
Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳נ Daniel 2:46; נְפַ֑ל Daniel 4:28; 3 masculine plural נְפַ֫לוּ Daniel 3:23 + Daniel 7:20 Kt (Qr 3 feminine plural נְפַ֫לָה, K§ 23,2); Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִמֵּל (K§ 42) Daniel 3:6 +; 2 masculine plural תִּמְּלוּן Daniel 3:5,15; Participle plural נָֽפְלִין Daniel 3:7 —
1 fall, עַלאַֿנְמּוֺהִי Daniel 2:46; fall down and do homage Daniel 3:5,6,7,10,11,15; ל location Daniel 3:23; of voice, מִןשְֿׁמַיָּא Daniel 4:28.
2 fall by violence Daniel 7:20 (with קֳדָם).
3יִמֵּל לָךְ Ezra 7:20 it shall fall to thee (thou shalt need) to give (compare Christian-Palestinian Aramaic, Schulth Lex. 126 and ZAW xxii (1902), 163).
נָפַל fut. יִפֹּל, inf. נְפֹּל with suff. נִפְלוֹ 2 Samuel 1:10, and נָפְלוֹ 1 Samuel 29:3.
(1) to fall. (Syr. Ch. ܢܦܰܠ, נְפַל id. The primary syllable fal which is found in this sense in the Germ. fallen, Engl. to fall; Gr. and Lat. fallo, σφάλλω, pr. is to cause to fall, to supplant; transp, it is labi). It is used of a man falling on the ground, Psalms 37:24 or falling from a horse or a seat, Genesis 49:17; 1 Samuel 4:18 into a ditch (בַּשַּׁחַת) Psalms 7:16 falling into a snare, Amos 3:5, etc.; falling in battle, 2 Samuel 1:4; Isaiah 10:4; Psalms 82:7 (fully נָפַל בַּחֶרֶב to fall by the sword, Psalms 78:64; Ezekiel 11:10, and so frequently); used of one fallen sick (נָפַל לְמִשְׁכָּב compare the Fr. tomber malade [so the English expression]), Exodus 21:18 also used of buildings falling into decay, Judges 7:13; Ezekiel 13:12; Amos 9:11. Part. נֹפֵל falling; in a past sense, fallen, lying down, Judges 3:25; 1 Samuel 5:3, 31:8 Deuteronomy 21:1 in a future sense, about to fall, becoming a ruin, Isaiah 30:13. Used of a prophet who sees visions, divinely brought before him in his sleep; thus are the words to be understood, Numbers 24:4, “who saw the visions of God נֹפֵל וּגְלוּי עֵינַיִם lying (in sleep) and with open eyes” (sc. of the mind); an incorrect interpretation was lately given of this passage by a learned man (Lit. Zeit. Jen. 1830, iv. p. 381), who interpreted נֹפֵל in this passage of the falling sickness. Specially to fall is used of
(a) a fetus which is born, Isaiah 26:18 comp. Il. xix. 110, ὅς κὲν ἐπʼ ἤματι τῷδε πέσῃ μετὰ ποσσὶ γυναικός; where the Schol. πέσῃ, γεννήθῃ; also, καταπίπτω, Sap. vii. 3; cadere de matre, Stat. Theb. i. 60; Arab. سقط (not وقع). In Chaldee, נְפַל specially is used of an abortion; whence Heb. נֶפֶל, which see.
(b) used of members of the body which fall away, become emaciated (einfallen), Numbers 5:21, 27.
(c) of the face cast down through sorrow, Genesis 4:5,. Comp. Hiphil No. 1, e.
(d) of men who are fallen into calamities, 2 Samuel 1:10; Proverbs 24:16.
(e) of kingdoms or states, which are overthrown, Isaiah 21:9; Jeremiah 51:8; Amos 5:2.
(f) of lots which are cast, Ezekiel 24:6; Jonah 1:7 and even of any thing obtained by lot, followed by לְ Numbers 34:2; Judges 18:1.-Also, in various ways it is figuratively applied (to express ideas for which in Latin compound verbs would be used)
(g) to fall down (from heaven), used of divinely revealed oracles, Isaiah 9:7 comp. Chald. Daniel 4:28, and Arab. نزل to fall down (from heaven), to be revealed. Hence the Spirit of God, or the hand of God, is said to descend upon any one, Ezekiel 8:1, 11:5.
(h) to fall upon any one as deep sleep (to oppress), followed by עַל Genesis 15:12 terror, Exodus 15:16; Joshua 2:9; Esther 8:17, 9:2 Psalms 55:5, 105:38 Daniel 10:7; Job 13:11 calamity, Isaiah 47:11.
(1) to fall from one’s purpose or counsel, followed by מִן Psalms 5:11, יִפְּלוּ מִמֹּעֲצוֹתָם “let them fall from their counsels;” compare Ovid. Met. ii. 328.
(k) to fall to the ground, to fail, Numbers 6:12 especially used of vain promises, Joshua 21:45, 23:14. More fully נָפַל אַרְצָה, Gr. πίπτειν εἰς γῆν, ἔραζε, 2 Kings 10:10 (comp. χαμαιπετὲς ἔπος, Pind. Pyth. vi. 37; Nem. iv. 65; Ol. ix. 19; Platonis Eutyphr. 17).
(l) to fall out, to happen. Ruth 3:18, אֵיךְ יִפֹּל דָּבָר “how the thing will fall out” (Cic. Brut. 40), i.e. will happen; comp. Chald. Ezra 7:20.
(m) followed by מִן comparative, to fall in comparison with any one, i.e. to be inferior to him, to yield to him, Job 12:3, 13:2 also, followed by לִפְנֵי Esther 6:13.
(2) It is also used of those who purposely cast themselves, throw themselves, or rush upon any place (compare Syr. ܢܦܠ, which is put in the New Test. for πίπτειν and βάλλεσθαι), specially
(a) to fall prostrate, to prostrate oneself, 2 Samuel 1:2 וַיִּפֹּל אַרְצָה, “and he fell (prostrated himself) on the ground,” Job 1:20 often with the addition of עַל פָּנָיו Genesis 17:3, 17 Genesis 17:17; Numbers 16:4; Joshua 7:6 עַל אַפָּיו 2 Samuel 14:4 לְאַפָּיו אַרְצָה 1 Samuel 20:41 also לִפְנֵי פ׳ Genesis 44:14 לִפְנֵי רַגְלֵי פ׳ Esther 8:3.
(b) נָפַל עַל צַוְּארֵי פ׳ to fall on some one’s neck, to rush into his embrace, Genesis 33:4, 45:14 46:29 compare 50:1.
(c) נָפַל עַל חַרְבֹּו to fall, (throw oneself) on one’s own sword, 1 Samuel 31:4, 1 Samuel 31:5; 1 Chronicles 10:4.
(d) to fall upon as an enemy, to attack, Job 1:15 followed by בְּ Joshua 11:7.
(e) to alight from a beast or chariot; followed by מֵעַל Genesis 24:64; 2 Kings 5:21.
(f) to let oneself down, to encamp as an army, Judges 7:12 of a people, Genesis 25:18 (compare 16:12 ). LXX. κατῴκησε.
(g) נָפְלָה תְחִנָּתִי לִפְנֵי my prayer (petition) falls before any one, a phrase which has a twofold meaning.
(α) to ask as a suppliant, Jeremiah 36:7.
(β) to be heard and attended to, answered; Jeremiah 37:20, 42:2, (pr. to be allowed to lay one’s petition down; to accept it; which, when it is done, intimates a disposition to answer it).
(h) to fall away, to desert, (abfallen), Gr. πίπτειν, διαπίπτειν, 1 Samuel 29:3 followed by עַל 1 Chronicles 12:19, 20 1 Chronicles 12:20; 2 Chronicles 15:9; Jeremiah 21:9, 37:14 39:9 Isaiah 54:15 אֶל Jeremiah 37:13, 38:19 52:15 to any one.
Hiphil
(1) causat. of Kal No. 1 to cause to fall, i.e.
(a) to cast, to throw (werfen) e.g. wood on the fire, Jeremiah 22:7 to throw down, to prostrate any one (niederwerfen), Deuteronomy 25:2 to throw down, a wall, 2 Samuel 20:15.
(b) to cause any one to fall by the sword, Jeremiah 19:7; Daniel 11:12 to fell trees, 2 Kings 3:19, 25 2 Kings 3:25, 6:5.
(c) to bear, to bring forth, Germ. werfen (see Kal No. 1, a), Isaiah 26:19 “the earth shall bring forth the dead,” i.e. cast them forth from herself.
(d) to cause to fall away (as a limb-the thigh), to emaciate, Numbers 5:22 see Kal No. 1, b.
(e) to cause to fall, used of the countenance, for sorrow or anger, Jeremiah 3:12 followed by בְּ of pers. (to be angry with any one); also הִפִּיל פְּנֵי פ׳ to let any one’s countenance fall, i.e. to make sad, Job 29:24 see Kal No. 1, c.
(f) to cast a lot, Psalms 22:19; Proverbs 1:14 also without גּוֹרָל 1 Samuel 14:42 hence to distribute by lot, to appropriate to any one followed by an acc. of the thing, and לְ of pers. Joshua 13:6, 23:4 Ezekiel 45:1, 47:22 without the dat. Psalms 78:55 see Kal No. 1, f.
(g) to lay down one’s request (petition) before any one, i.e. to ask as a suppliant, Jerem. 38:26 42:9 Daniel 9:18, 20 see Kal 2, g.,
(2) to let fall, e.g. a stone, Numbers 35:23 hence
(a) הִפִּיל אַרְצָה to let fall to the ground (used of a promise), not to fulfil, 1 Samuel 3:19 without אַרְצָה Esther 6:10 see Kal 1, k.
(b) to drop, to desist from anything (Germ. eine Sache fallen laffen); followed by מִן Judges 2:19.
Hithpael
(1) to prostrate oneself, Deuteron. 9:18, 25 Ezra 10:1.
(2) followed by עַל to rush upon, to attack any one, Genesis 43:18.
Pilel נִפְלַל once in Ezekiel (a book abounding in uncommon forms) 28:23, i.q. נָפַל, which is found in a similar connection, Ezekiel 30:4, 32:20.
Derivative nouns, נֶפֶל, נָפִיל, מַפָּל, מַפֵּלָה, מַפֶּלֶת.