the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #868 - ἀφίστημι
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- Strong
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- to make stand off, cause to withdraw, to remove
- to excite to revolt
- to stand off, to stand aloof
- to go away, to depart from anyone
- to desert, withdraw from one
- to fall away, become faithless
- to shun, flee from
- to cease to vex one
- to withdraw one's self from, to fall away
- to keep one's self from, absent one's self from
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ἀφίστημι:
causal in pres. and impf., in fut. ἀποστήσω, and aor.
I ἀπέστησα, as also in aor. I Med. (v. infr.): —
1.put away, remove, keep out of the way, τὸ ἀσθενέστατον τοῦ στρατεύματος X. HG 7.5.23; ἄχος A. Ch. 416 (lyr.); of diseases, Dsc. 2.96, Gal. 13.846; τὰ συγκείμενα ἀ. ἀπ' ἀλλήλων Pl. Plt. 282b; ἀ. τῆς ἐλάας τὸν φλοιόν Thphr. CP 3.3.2; ἀ. τινὰ λόγου hinder from.., E. IT 912; ἀ. τὰς τῶν πολεμίων ἐπιβουλάς frustrate them, Th. 1.93; ἀ. τὸν ἄρχοντα depose him, X. HG 7.1.45: — aor. Med., Ἀργείων δόρυ πυλῶν ἀπεστήσασθε remoued it from your own gates, E. ph. 1087: — in Hdt. 9.23 ἀποστήσαντες, = ἀποστάντες, having retired.
2. cause to revolt, of allies, Id. 8.19, Ar. Eq. 238, Th. 1.81; τινὰ ἀπό τινος Hdt. 1.76, 154, etc.; τινά τινος And. 3.22.
3. in geom. constructions, cut off, Procl. Hyp. 6.7.
II weigh out, X. Smp. 2.20; ἀποστησάτωσαν τὰ χρυσία IG 7.303.19 (Oropus); pay, δραχμὰς ή ἀργυρίου UPZ 93.2 (ii B.C.): also in aor. I Med., μὴ.. ἀποστήσωνται Ἀχαιοὶ χρεῖος lest they weigh out (i. e. pay in full) the debt, Il. 13.745, cf. IG 12.91.20, al.: — in strict sense of Med., ἀποστήσασθαι τὸν χαλκόν to have the brass weighed out to one, D. 49.52. — Hom. has it trans. only in l.c.
III Med.,
1. give a final decision (or break up, dismiss the assembly), ῥήτρα ap. Plu. Lyc. 6. intr., in Pass., as also in aor. 2 ἀπέστην, imper. ἀπόστηθι Ar. Th. 627, ἀπόστα Men. 375: pf. ἀφέστηκα in pres. sense, sync. in pl. ἀφέστᾰμεν, -στᾰτε, -στᾶσι, as in inf. ἀφεστάναι, part. ἀφεστώς, -ῶσα, -ός or -ώς: plpf. ἀφεστήκειν, Att. -κη Pl. Tht. 208e: fut. Med. ἀποστήσομαι E. Hec. 1054, Th. 5.64, etc. (while aor. I Med. is causal (v. supr.)): for fut. ἀφεστήξω v. h. v.: — stand away or aloof from, keep far from, ὅσσον δὲ τροχοῦ ἵππος ἀφίσταται Il. 23.517; οὐ μέν κ' ἄλλη γ' ὧδε γυνὴ.. ἀνδρὸς ἀφεσταίη Od. 23.101; ἀποστᾶσ' ἐκποδών E. Hel. 1023; ἐς ἄλλο σχῆμ' ἀ. βίου Id. Med. 1039; ἀποσταθῶμεν πράγματος τελουμένου A. Ch. 872; ὡς γραφεὺς (or βραβεὺς) ἀποσταθείς E. Hec. 807; μακρὰν τόποις καὶ χρόνοις ἀ. D.S. 13.22: hence in various relations, ἀφεστάναι φρενῶν lose one's wits, S. Ph. 865; φύσεος Ar. V. 1457 (lyr.); οὐδενὸς ἀποστήσονται ὅσα ἂν δίκαια λέγητε depart from, object to right proposals, Th. 4.118; ἀ. φόνου E. Or. 1544; ἀ. ἀρχῆς to be deposed from office, Pl. Lg. 928d; simply, resign, SIG 527.105 (Crete, iii B. C.); ἀ. τῶν πραγμάτων, τῆς πολιτείας, etc., withdraw from business, politics, have done with it, D. 10.1, 18.308, etc.; ἔργων ἢ πόνων ἢ κινδύνων shun them, Isoc. 4.83, cf. X. HG 7.5.19, etc.; ὧν εἷλεν ἀποστάς giving up all claim to what he had won (at law), D. 21.181; τῶν αὑτῆς Id. 19.147, cf. 35.4; ἀφίστασθαι τῶν τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ ib.44; οὐδενὸς τῶν ἀνηκόντων τῇ πόλει Inscr.Magn. 53.65; τὴν πολιτείαν.. τὴν ἀφεστηκυῖαν τοῦ μέσου πλεῖον further removed from.., Arist. Pol. 1296b8; ἀποστὰς τῶν πατρῴων Luc. DMort. 12.3; ἀ. ἐκ Σικελίας withdraw from the island, give up the expedition, Th. 7.28; retire, ἐς Ἰθώμην Id. 1.101: rarely c.acc., avoid, shrink from, τὸν ἥλιον X. Cyn. 3.3; τὸν πόλεμον Id. An. 2.5.7; τινάς E. Fr. 1006; πυγμήν Philostr. Gym. 20 (prob. cj.).
2. in Prose, ἀ. ἀπό τινος revolt from.., Hdt. 1.95, 130, etc.; τινός Id. 2.113; οὐκ ἀποστήσομαι ἀπὸ τοῦ δήμου Ἀθηναίων IG 12.39.21; but Ἀθηναίων τοῦ πλήθους ib.10.22; also ἀ. εἴς or πρός τινας, Hdt. 2.30, 162, cf. X. An. 1.6.7; ἐς δημοκρατίαν ἀ. Th. 8.90: abs., revolt, Hdt. 1.102, etc.; ὑπό τινος at his instigation, Th. 8.35 (ἀπό codd.).
3. ἀ. τινί make way for another, give way to him, E. Hec. 1054, D. 8.37.
4. c. gen., shrink from, τῶν κινδύνων Isoc. 9.29: also c. inf., shrink from doing, ἀπέστην τοῦτ' ἐρωτῆσαι σαφῶς E. Hel. 536.
5. abs., stand aloof, recoil from fear, horror, etc., τίπτε καταπτώσσοντες ἀφέστατε; Il. 4.340; πολλὸν ἀφεσταότες 17.375; παλίνορσος ἀπέστη 3.33, Pi. O. 1.52, P. 4.145; ἐγὼ οὐδέν τι μᾶλλον ἀ. Pl. Tht. 169b, cf. D. 19.45, etc.; desist, μὴ νῦν -ώμεθα Pl. Lg. 960e; δοῦλος ἀφεστώς a runaway, Lys. 23.7.
6. Medic., ἀφίσταται, = ἀπόστασις γίγνεται, εἰς ἄρθρα Hp. Aph. 4.74; ἀ. ὀστέον exfoliates, ib. 6.45; also ἀ. ἀπὸ τῶν ὀστῶν Pl. Ti. 84a; τὸ δέρμα ἀ. X. Eq. 1.5; also, project, stand out, ὦτα ἀφεστηκότα PLond. 3.1209.12 (i B. C.). to be separated by the formation of an abscess, Gal. 11.116, al. (also in Act., τὸ πύον ἀφίστησι 7.715).
ἀφίστημι: 1 aorist ἀπέστησα; 2 aorist ἀπέστην; middle, present ἀφισταμαι, imperative ἀφίστασο (1 Timothy 6:5 Rec.; cf. Winer's Grammar, § 14, 1 e.); (imperfect ἀφισταμην); future ἀποστήσομαι;
1. transitively, in present, imperfect, future, 1 aorist active, to make stand off, cause to withdraw, to remove; tropically, to excite to revolt: Acts 5:37 (ἀπέστησε λαόν ... ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ drew away after him; τινα ἀπό τίνος, Deuteronomy 7:4, and in Greek writings from Herodotus 1, 76 down).
2. intransitively, in perfect, pluperfect, 2 aorist active, to stand off, stand aloof, in various senses (as in Greek writings) according to the context: ἀπό with the genitive of person to go away, depart, from anyone, Luke 13:27 (from Psalm 6:9; cf. Matthew 7:23 ἀποχωρεῖτε ἀπ' ἐμοῦ); Acts 12:10; Acts 19:9; to desert, withdraw from, one, Acts 15:38; to cease to vex one, Luke 4:13; Acts 5:38; Acts 22:29; 2 Corinthians 12:8; to fall away, become faithless, ἀπό Θεοῦ, Hebrews 3:12; to shun, flee from, ἀπό τῆς ἀδικίας, 2 Timothy 2:19. Middle, to withdraw oneself from: absolutely, to fall away, Luke 8:13; (τῆς πίστεως, 1 Timothy 4:1, cf. Winers Grammar, 427, 428 (398)); to keep oneself away from, absent oneself from, Luke 2:37 (οὐκ ἀφίστατο ἀπό (T Tr WH omit ἀπό) τοῦ ἱεροῦ, she was in the temple every day); from anyone's society or fellowship, 1 Timothy 6:5 Rec.
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ἀφ -ίστημι ,
[in LXX for H5493, H4603, etc. (41 words in all);]
1. trans. in pres., impf., fut., 1 aor., to put away, lead away; metaph., to move to revolt: Acts 5:37.
2. Intrans. in pf., plpf., 2 aor., to stand off, depart from, withdraw from: c. gen., Luke 2:37; seq. ἀπό , Luke 4:13; Luke 13:27, Acts 5:38; Acts 12:10; Acts 15:38; Acts 19:9; Acts 22:29, 2 Corinthians 12:8; metaph., ἀπὸ ἀδικίας , 2 Timothy 2:19; ἀπὸ θεοῦ , (fall away, apostatize), Hebrews 3:12 Mid. (exc. 1 aor., WH. is trans.), to withdraw oneself from, absent oneself from: Luke 2:37; metaph., fall away, apostatize: absol., Luke 8:13; c. gen., 1 Timothy 4:1 (MM, s.v.; Cremer, 308).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The transitive tenses recur in formulæ upon contracts of sale, etc. : the vendor is to ";repel"; any claimant or trespasser. Thus BGU IV. 1127.19 (B.C. 18) καὶ πάντα τὸν ἐπελευσόμενον ἢ ἐ ̣μ ̣π ̣ο ̣ησόμενον αὐτὸν Ἀ . ἀφιστάσιν παραχρῆ [μα τοῖς ἰδίοις δαπανή ]μ ̣α ̣σ ̣ι ̣ν ̣. Generally it is ἀποστήσειν , as P. M. Meyer notes on P Giss I. 51.20, where is a list of instances. Cf. P Lond 3.27 (B.C. 146 or 135) (= I., p. 46) ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἀποστήσωι , ἀποστήσω ἐπάναγκον , ";if I do not repel him, I will do so under compulsion"; (Ed.). In P Par 59.2 (B.C. 160) (= Witkowski.2, p. 75) τὸν λόγον τῶν χαλκῶν (sc. λαβέ )· ἀπέστηκα (δραχμὰς ) η ̄ ἀργυρῖου (δραχμὰς ) Δσ ̄ξ ̄, Grenfell-Hunt-Smyly and Wilcken suspect a mistake for ἀπέσχηκα : Witkowski objects that ἀπέχω would have been enough, and would render ";solutum accepi."; But ἀπέσχηκα is quite common. Witkowski shows that even in Homer ἀφίσταμαι could mean ";solvo pecuniam debitam."; It also means ";renounce a claim to"; or ";give up occupation of,"; etc., c. gen. rei, with or without ἀπό : thus in P Grenf II. 28.8 ff. (B.C. 103) ἀφίσταται Σεννῆσις . . . ἀπὸ τῆς ἐωνημένης ὑπ᾽ αὐτῆς παρὰ Πετεαρσεμθέως . . . (τετάρτην ) μερίδα ἀμπελῶ (νος ) συνφύτου , the meaning seems to be that Sennesis ";renounces"; all claim to a piece of land she had sold to Petearsemtheus (but see the introduction to P Lips I. 1, and Wilcken in Archiv iv. p. 456). For a similar use of the middle cf. OGIS 763.46 (ii/B.C.) πειράσομαι καὶ νῦν τῆς τοιαύτης προθέσεως μὴ ἀφίστασθαι , and Magn 53.65 οὐθενὸς ἀποστήσεται ̣ τῶν ἀνηκόντων τῆι πόλει , al. For various uses of the intrans. active, cf. P Grenf II. 77.9 (iii/iv A.D.) ἀλόγως ἀπέστητε μὴ ἄραντες [τὸ σ ]ῶμα τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ ὑμῶν , ";you unfeelingly went off without taking your brother’s body,"; but only (as appears later) his effects, P Lond 1209.12 (B.C. 89) (= III. p. 20) ὦτα ἀφεστηκότα , ";ears standing out (from the head),"; P Giss I. 9.3 τοῦ ἀνδρός μου . . . ἀποστάντ [ο ]ς εἰς Ὀᾶσιν ἐνπορίας χάριν , BGU I. 159.4 (A.D. 216) ἀπε ̣στ ̣[η ]ν τῆς κώμης , OGIS 654.2 (i/B.C.) τὴν Θηβαΐδα [ἀ ]ποστᾶσαν . . . νικήσας , BGU III. 920.31 (A.D. 180) οὐκ ἐξόντος μοι ἀποστῆναι τῆς μισ [θ ]ώσεως (cf. 1 Timothy 4:1), P Rein 7.18 (B.C. 141 ?) ἐμπλεκείς τέ μοι οὐκ [ἀ ]πέστηι εἰ μὴ ἠνάγκασε κτλ ., ";only left me after he had forced me to sign,"; etc. This last use, with which may be compared Luke 13:27, etc., is seen in an incantation of the great Paris magical papyrus, 574.1244 (iii/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 114) ἔξελθε δαῖμον , . . καὶ ἀπόστηθι ἀπὸ τοῦ δῖ (να ), ἄρτι ἄρτι ἤδη .
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