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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #906 - βάλλω
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βάλλω,
1. fut. βᾰλῶ (in Att. Prose only in compds.), Ion. βαλέω Il. 8.403, βαλλήσω Ar. V. 222, 1491: aor. 2 ἔβᾰλον, Ion. προ-βάλεσκε Od. 5.331; later aor. 1 ἔβαλα LXX 3 Ki. 6.1 (5.18); and Ion. inf. βαλέειν Il. 2.414,al., Hdt. 2.111,al., but βαλεῖν Il. 13.387, 14.424; opt. βλείης in Epich. 219, part. βλείς Id. 176, as if from ἔβλην (v. συμβάλλω): pf. βέβληκα: plpf. ἐβεβλήκειν, βεβλήκειν Il. 5.661: — Med., Ion. impf. βαλλέσκετο Hdt. 9.74: fut. βᾰλοῦμαι (προ-) Ar. Ra. 201, (ἐπι-) Th. 6.40, etc., βαλεῦμαι (ἀμφι-) Od. 22.103: aor. 2 ἐβᾰλόμην, Ion. imper. βαλεῦ Hdt. 8.68. γ, used mostly in compds.: — Pass., fut. βληθήσομαι X. HG 7.5.11, (δια-) E. Hec. 863; also βεβλήσομαι Id. Or. 271, Hld. 2.13, (δια-) D. 16.2; part. δια-βεβλησόμενος Philostr. VA 6.13 ( fut. ξυμ-βλήσομαι, v. συμβάλλω): aor. ἐβλήθην Hdt. 1.34, Th. 8.84, etc.: Hom. also has an aor. Pass., ἔβλητο Il. 11.675, ξύμβλητο 14.39; subj. βλήεται Od. 17.472; opt. βλῇο or βλεῖο Il. 13.288; inf. βλῆσθαι 4.115; part. βλήμενος 15.495: pf. βέβλημαι, Ion. 3 pl. βεβλήαται 11.657 (but 3 sg. h.Revelation 20:1-15), opt. δια-βεβλῇσθε And. 2.24: plpf. ἐβεβλήμην (περι-) X. HG 7.4.22, (ἐξ-) Isoc. 18.17; Ion. 3 pl. περι-εβεβλέατο Hdt. 6.25. —
2. pf. βεβόλημαι in special sense, v. βολέω. Act., throw:
3. ἐς γαστέρα βάλλεσθαι γόνον conceive, Hdt. 3.28.
4. lay as foundation, κρηπῖδα βαλέσθαι Pi. P. 7.3, cf. 4.138, Luc. Hipp. 4; also, lay the foundations of, begin to form, οἰκοδομίας Pl. Lg. 779b; χάρακα Plb. 3.105.10, Poll. 8.161; simply, build, ἱερὸν περί τι Philostr. VA 4.13; β. ἄγκυραν cast anchor, Hdt. 9.74, etc.; καθάπερ ἐξ ἀγκυρῶν βαλλόμενος ψυχῆς δεσμούς Pl. Ti. 73d.
II rarely, χρόα βάλλεσθαι λουτροῖς dash oneself with water, bathe, h.Cer. 50 (but λουτρὰ ἐπὶ χροῒ βαλεῖν E. Or. 303). (Arc. -δέλλω in ἐς-δέλλοντες, = ἐκ-βάλλοντες, IG 5(2).6.49: ζέλλειν· βάλλειν, Hsch. Root g[uglide]el - 'throw', Skt. galati 'trickle', OHG. quellan 'spurt up', Lith. gulçti 'lie'.)
βἀλλω ,
[in LXX for H5307, H7760, H3032, etc.;]
prop., of a weapon or missile; then generally, of things and persons, lit, and metaph., to throw, cast, put, place: c. acc, seq. εἰς , Matthew 4:18, and freq. ἐπί , Matthew 10:34; κάτω , Matthew 4:6; ἔξω , Matthew 5:13; ἀπό , Matthew 5:29; ἐκ , Mark 12:44; δρέπανον , Revelation 14:19; μάχαιραν , Matthew 10:34; κλῆρον , Matthew 27:35; of fluids, to pour: Matthew 9:17, John 13:5; pass., to be laid, to lie ill: Matthew 9:2; ἐβλήθη (timeless aor., M, Pr., 134), John 15:6; intrans., to rush (El., § 53, 1): Acts 27:14. Metaph., β . εἰς τ . καρδίαν , John 13:2 (cf. usage in Papyri, without idea of violence; also of liquids; MM, Exp., x; v. also Cremer, 120, 657; cf. ἀμφι -, ἀνα -, ἀντι -, ἀπο -, δια -, ἐκ -, ἐμ -, παρ -εμ -, ἐπι -, κατα -, μετα -, παρα -, περι -, προ -, συμ -, ὑπερ -, ὑπο -βάλλω ).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
That the verb does not necessarily imply casting or thrusting with some degree of violence is clear already from the NT itself; and there are vernacular parallels to negative the assumption of ";Jewish Greek."; Thus in BGU II. 597.4 (A.D. 75) ἵνα βάληι τὸν μόσχον πρὸ τῶν προβάτων the verb does not suggest a violent ";flinging"; of the helpless calf before the ferocious beasts afterwards named. Cf. P Oxy VII. 1069.26 (iii/A.D.) κ [α ]λὰ μέτρα αὐτῷ βαλέτωσαν , ";let them put good measure into it"; with reference to the making of a tunic, and ib. VI. 934.9 (iii/A.D.) μὴ οὖν ἀμελήσῃς τοῦ βαλεῖν τὴν κόπρον , ";do not fail therefore to throw the manure on the land"; (Edd,) : cf. P Fay 118.21 (A.D. 110) βάλλωι ἓξ ἀρούρας εἰς τὴν Ψεννοφριν , ";I am manuring six arourae at Psennophris"; (Edd.). For a similar absolute usage see Syll 522.7 (iii/B.C.) θύειν δὲ τὸμ μὲν βοῦν βεβληκότα , τὴν δὲ οἶν βεβληκ [υ ]ῖαν , of animals that have ";cast"; their first teeth. A very curious absolute use occurs in Syll 389.11 (A.D. 129), where the Ephesians honour Hadrian as διδόντα τῇ θεῷ τῶν κληρονομιῶν καὶ βεβληκότων τὰ δίκαια : Dittenberger tentatively suggests that it may be a rendering of bona caduca, property without an heir. P Lond 1177.46 (A.D. 113) (= III. p. 182) αἱ πλείω βληθεῖσαι [? sc. ὕδατος χορηγίαι ] βαλανείου Σευηριανοῦ will illustrate Matthew 9:17 and other places where β . is used of liquids. With the phrase of Matthew 5:25 etc. cf. P Tebt II. 567 (A.D. 53–4) εἰς δεσμευτήριον βληθήσεται . P Flor II. 148.11 (A.D. 266–7) τὰ δὲ τεμνόμενα φυτὰ εὐθέως εἰς ὕδωρ βαλλέσθω ἵνα μὴ ξηρανθῇ , ";be put in water that they may not wither,"; is a further instance of the unemphatic use. The intransitive βάλλειν , in NT found only in Acts 27:14, occurs in a much milder sense in Epict. ii. 20. 10 βαλὼν κάθευδε καὶ τὰ τοῦ σκώληκος ποίει , ";lie down and sleep and play the part of the worm,"; ib. iv. 10. 29 τί οὖν οὐ ῥέγκω βαλών ; and Enoch 18.6 ὄρη εἰς νότον βάλλοντα , (mis)quoted by Radermacher Gr. p. 18. For the aor. indic. ἐβλήθη used of present time in John 15:6 cf. Proleg. pp. 134, 247, and Abbott Joh. Gr. p. 327. On βεβλῆσθαι , used of sick persons, as Matthew 8:14, Luke 16:20, see Field Notes, pp. 7, 70.
βάλλω is the only verb to form a gerundive in NT, and that only once (Luke 5:38 βλητέον ) : the gerundive in –τέος is rare, though not unknown, in papyri, and is generally found in formulae, so that we should hardly credit it to popular speech.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Fifth Week after Epiphany