Bible Lexicons

φέρω

(Locr. φάρω [ᾰ ], IG 9(1).334.5 (Oeanthea, v. B.C.)), only pres. and impf. (late 1 aor. 3 pl. ἤφεραν IG 3.1379), Il. 21.458, etc.: forms, 2 pl. imper. φέρτε Il. 9.171; 2 sg. subj. φέρῃσθα Call. Dian. 144; 3 sg. subj. φέρῃσι Il. 18.308, Od. 5.164, al.; inf. φερέμεν Il. 9.411, al.: impf. ἔφερον, φέρον 3.245; also φέρεσκε, φέρεσκον (3 pl.), Od. 9.429, 10.108.

II fut. οἴσω Il. 7.82, etc.; Dor. οἰσῶ Theoc. 3.11; 1 pl. οἰσεῦμες Id. 15.133; 3 pl. ηοίσοντι Tab.Heracl. 1.150: the foll. act. forms are not fut. in sense, imper. οἶσε Od. 22.106, 481, Ar. Ach. 1099, 1101, 1122, Ra. 482; οἰσέτω Il. 19.173, Od. 8.255; 3 pl. οἰσόντων Antim. 15; inf. οἴσειν Pi. P. 4.102, οἰσέμεν Od. 3.429, οἰσέμεναι Il. 3.120, Od. 8.399, etc.: aor. 1 inf. οἶσαι Ph. 1.611 codd. (ἀν-οῖσαι is prob. in Hdt. 1.157): — Med., fut. οἴσομαι Il. 22.217, S. El. 969, etc. (in pass. sense, E. Or. 440, X. Oec. 18.6; so Dor. οἰσεῖται Archim. Fluit. 1.7, al.): fut. Pass. οἰσθήσομαι D. 44.45, Arist. Ph. 205a13, Archim. Fluit. 1.3, al., (ἐξ-) E. Supp. 561: — Pass., pf. προοῖσται Luc. Par. 2; cf. οἰστέον, οἰστός (ἀν-οιστός).

III from ἐνεγκ- (not found in Hom. or Hdt., exc. as v.l. in Il. 19.194, but in Pi. O. 13.66, I. 8(7).21, (προς-) Id. P. 9.36, also B. 16.62, and normal in Att. and Trag., also in codd. Hp., Epid. 1.1.2, al.) come aor. 1 ἤνεγκα, and aor. 2 ἤνεγκον: — Indic., 1 sg. ἤνεγκον S. OC 521 (lyr.), 964, Ar. Ra. 1299, Th. 742, Lys. 944, (δι-) Isoc. 18.59, but ἤνεγκα S. El. 13, E. Ion 38, Aeschin. 2.4, and in compos. with Preps.; 2 sg. always ἤνεγκας Ar. Av. 540 (lyr.), (ἐξ-) S. Tr. 741 (in Ar. Th. 742, δέκα μῆνας αὔτ' ἐγὼ ἤνεγκον is answd. by ἤνεγκας σύ;); 3 sg. ἤνεγκε, common to both forms; dual δι-ηνεγκάτην Pl. Lg. 723b; pl. always ἠνέγκαμεν, -ατε, -αν (3 pl. ἀπ-ήνενκαν IG 22.1620.37, al., once ἀπ-ήνεγκον ib. 1414.2; δι-ηνέγκομεν is f.l. in X. Oec. 9.8): imper., 2 sg. ἔνεγκε E. Heracl. 699, Ar. Eq. 110, X. Mem. 3.6.9 (ἔνεγκον cj. Pors. in Anaxipp. 8); 3 sg. ἐνεγκάτω Ar. Pax 1149 (troch.), Th. 238, Pl. Phd. 116d, (προς-) X. Smp. 5.2; but ἐξ-ενεγκέτω IG 12.63.33, 76.61; Dor. 3 pl. ἐνεγκόντω ib.5 (1).26.16 (Amyclae, ii/i B. C.); 2 pl. ἐξ-ενέγκατε Ar. Ra. 847: subj. ἐνέγκω common to both forms: opt., 1 sg. ἐνέγκαιμι E. Hipp. 393, Pl. Cri. 43c: 3 sg. ἐνέγκαι (cod.A, but -κοι cod.Laur.) S. Tr. 774, but ἐνέγκοι Id. Fr. 84 (anap.), Pl. R. 330a, (ξυν-) Th. 6.20, etc.; 2 pl. ἐνέγκαιτε (ἐνέγκατε codd.) E. Heracl. 751 (lyr.): inf. ἐνεγκεῖν A. Supp. 766, S. OC 1599, IG 22.40.18, etc., (προς-) Pi. P. 9.36, Hp. VM 15; Hellenistic ἐνέγκαι Arist. Oec. 1349a27 (εἰς-), PAmh. 2.30.35 (ii B. C.), Mark 2:4 (προς-), etc., found also in codd. Hp., Aff. 3 (προς-), Nat.Mul. 19 (δι-): part. ἐνεγκών Pi. I. 8(7).21, S. El. 692, Th. 6.56, etc., ἐνέγκας IG 22.1361.21 (εἰς-), 333.4, D. 49.51 (and later, Demetr.Com.Nov. 1.10 (εἰς-), Arist. Oec. 1351a14, etc.; in X. we find ἐξ-ενεγκόντες Mem. 1.2.53, and δι-ενεγκοῦσα, συν-ενεγκόντες, vv. ll. in ib. 2.2.5, An. 6.5.6): — Med., only ἠνεγκάμην, Ar. Ec. 76 (ἐξ-), etc. (exc. imper. ἐνεγκοῦ S. OC 470); 2 sg. ἠνέγκω E. Supp. 583, X. Oec. 7.13; 3 sg. ἠνέγκατο S. Tr. 462, Pl. R. 406b, etc.; 1 pl. ἠνεγκάμεθα Id. Ion 530b, (προ-) Phlb. 57a; inf. εἰς-ενέγκασθαι Isoc. 15.188: part. ἐνεγκάμενος Aeschin. 1.131, (ἀπ-) X. Ages. 6.2. from ἐνεικ- comes aor. 1 ἤνεικα, found mostly in Ion. (but not in codd. Hp.), and Lyr., also at Cos (v. infr.) and implied elsewh. in pass. forms (v. infr. v): — the endings are those of aor. 1, exc. in imper. ἔνεικε Od. 21.178, inf. ἐνεικέμεν (v.l. ἐνεγκέμεν) Il. 19.194, ἐνείκην (v. infr.), and part. μετ-ενεικών, ἐξενικοῦσι (v. infr.), cf. συνενείκομαι: — 1 sg. ἀν-ένεικα Od. 11.625; 2 sg. ἀπ-ένεικας Il. 14.255; 3 sg. ἤνεικε Od. 18.300, al., Hdt. 2.146, ἔνεικε Il. 15.705, al.; 1 pl. ἐνείκαμεν Od. 24.43; 3 pl. ἤνεικαν Hdt. 3.30, ἔνεικαν Il. 9.306; imper. 2 sg. ἔνεικον Anacr. 62.3; 2 pl., ἐνείκατε Od. 8.393; 3 pl. ἐνεικάντων Schwyzer 688 B 3 (Chios, v B. C.); inf. ἐνεῖκαι Il. 18.334, Pi. P. 9.53, Hdt. 1.32; ἐνεικέμεν (v. supr.); Aeol. ἐνείκην Alc. Oxy. 1788 Fr. 15ii 20; part. ἐνείκας Il. 17.39, (ἀν-) Hdt. 2.23; μετ-ενεικών Abh.Berl.Akad. 1928(6).22 (Cos, iii B. C.): — Med., 3 sg. ἀν-ενείκατο Il. 19.314; 3 pl. ἠνείκαντο 9.127, Hdt. 1.57, (ἐς-) 7.152; part. ἐνεικάμενος Alc. 35.4.

2. aor. 1 ἤνῐκα is found in the foll. dialect forms: 3 sg. ἤνικε IG 42(1).121.110 (Epid., iv B. C.); ἤνικεν SIG 239 B i11 (Delph., iv B. C.); ἀν-ήνικε IG 4.757 A 12, al. (Troezen, ii B. C.); ἀπ-ήνικε ib.42(1).103.16, al. (Epid., iv B. C.); but ἤνῑκε is prob. written for ἤνεικε in IG 4.801.3 (Troezen, vi B. C.); 1 pl. ἀν-ηνίκαμες [ῐ ] GDI 3591b21 (Calymna); 3 pl. ἤνικαν SIG 239 B i 17 (Delph., iv B. C.), IG 12(2).15.15 (Mytil., iii B. C.); 3 sg. subj. ἐνίκει Berl.Sitzb. 1927.161 (Cyrene); ἐς-ενίκη, and inf. ἐς-ένικαι, IG 12(2).645b43,39 (Nesus, iv B. C.); part. (dat. pl.) ἐξ-ενικοῦσι IG 4.823.49 (Troezen, iv B. C.); so in later Gr., εἰς-ήνικα Supp.Epigr. 7.381,382 (Dura-Europos, iii A. D.); ἤνιγκα ib.383 (ibid., iii A. D.): — Med., part. ἐξ-ε[νικ]άμενος IG 12 (2).526a5 (Eresus, iv B. C.). Boeot. aor. 1 in 3 pl. εἴνιξαν IG 7.2418.24 (Thebes, iv B. C.); 1 sg. ἤνειγξα Hdn.Gr.2.374. other tenses: pf. ἐνήνοχα D. 21.108, 22.62, (ἐξ-) Luc. Pr.Im. 15, 17, (μετ-) Pl. Criti. 113a, (συν-) v. l. in X. Mem. 3.5.22: — Pass., fut. ἐνεχθήσομαι Arist. Ph. 205b12, Archim. Fluit. 2.2, al., (ἐπ-) Th. 7.56, (κατ-) Isoc. 13.19: aor. ἠνέχθην X. An. 4.7.12 and freq. in compds.; Ion. ἀπ-ηνείχθην Hdt. 1.66, etc.; (περι-) ib. 84; 3 pl. written ἠνείχτθησαν in Schwyzer 707 B 9 (Ephesus, vi B. C.); Dor. part. ἐξ-ενειχθείς IG 42(1).121.115 (Epid., iv B. C.); Hellenistic ἐνεγχθείς PCair.Zen. 327.42 (iii B. C.), (συμπερι-) IPE 12.32 A 31,78, B 70 (Olbia, iii B. C.); in dialects, 3 sg. indic. ἀπ-ηνίχθη IG 42(1).103.111 (Epid., iv B. C.); 3 sg. subj. ἐξενιχθῇ ib.12(5).593 A 23 (Ceos, v B. C.), Abh.Berl.Akad. 1928(6).21 (Cos, iii B. C.); Boeot. ἐν-ενιχθεῖ IG 7.3172.150 (Thespiae, iii B. C.); part. (neut.) ἐπ-ενιχθέν Abh.Berl.Akad. 1928(6).53 (Telos, iv B. C., ined.); Att. pf. ἐνήνεγμαι, ἐνήνεκται Pl. R. 584d, εἰς-ενήνεκται E. Ion 1340; ἀν-ενήνεγκται IG 12.91.4; ἐπαν-ενήνειγκται ib.22.1607a7; Ion. ἐξ-ενηνειγμένος Hdt. 8.37; Att. plpf. προς-ενήνεκτο X. HG 4.3.20; part. κατ-, μετ-ενηνεγμένος Plb. 10.30.2, Str. 13.1.12. (With φέρω cf. Lat. fero, O E. beran, Skt. bhárati 'bear'; οἴσω is of uncertain origin; ἐνεγκ- is prob. redupl. ἐγκ- (ἐνεκ- in Pass. forms and in δουρηνεκής, etc.), cogn. with Skt. náśati 'attain,' Lat. nanciscor, Lith. nèšti 'carry, bear'; ἐνεικ- (ἐνῐκ-) is of uncertain origin; the glosses ἐνέεικαν· ἤνεγκαν, and ἐνεείκω· ἐνέγκω (Hsch.) are not corroborated.)

Act.,

I bear or carry a load, ἐν ταλάροισι φέρον μελιηδέα καρπόν Il. 18.568; μέγα ἔργον, ὃ οὐ δύο γ' ἄνδρε φέροιεν 5.303; ἦγον μὲν μῆλα, φέρον δ' εὐήνορα οἶνον Od. 4.622; χοάς A. Ch. 15; φ. ἐπ' ὤμοις S. Tr. 564; χερσὶν φ. Id. Ant. 429; φ. ὅπλα βραχίονι E. Hec. 14; bear (as a device) on one's shield, A. Th. 559, etc.; γαστέρι κοῦρον φ., of a pregnant woman, Il. 6.59; φ. ὑπὸ ζώνην or ζώνης ὕπο, A. Ch. 1000(992), E. Hec. 762: in Trag. stronger than ἔχω, ἁγνὰς αἵματος χεῖρας φ. to have hands clean from blood, E. Hipp. 316 (v.l. φορεῖς) ; ἀλαὸν ὄμμα φέρων Id. Ph. 1531 (lyr.); γλῶσσαν εὔφημον φ. A. Ch. 581, cf. Supp. 994; καλὸν φ. στόμα S. Fr. 930 codd. (nisi leg. φορῇ) ; ἄψοφον βάσιν φ. Id. Tr. 967 (lyr.).

II bear, convey, with collat. notion of motion, freq. in Hom., πῇ δὴ.. τόξα φέρεις; Od. 21.362; πρόσω φ. ib. 369; εἴσω φέρω σ' ἐντεῦθεν Ar. V. 1444, cf. Pl. Lg. 914b; πόδες φέρον Il. 6.514; πέδιλα τά μιν φέρον 24.341, etc.; of horses, 2.838; ἵππω.. ἅρμα οἴσετον 5.232, etc.; of ships, Od. 16.323, cf. Il. 9.306; τὰ σώματα τῶν ζῴων συνέστηκεν ἐκ τοῦ φέροντος καὶ τοῦ φερομένου Diocl. Fr. 17. of persons, bring to bear, μένος or μένος χειρῶν ἰθύς τινος φέρειν hurl one's strength right upon or against him, Il. 16.602, 5.506; φ. τὴν ὀργήν, τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπί τινα, Plb. 21.31.8, 33.11.2. lead, direct, τὴν πόλιν Plu. Lu 6.

2. of wind, bear along, [ πνοιὴ Ζεφύρου] φ. νῆάς τε καὶ αὐτούς Od. 10.26; [ σχεδίην] ἄνεμοι φέρον ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα 5.330, cf. 4.516, Il. 19.378, etc.; ἐπέλασσε φέρων ἄνεμος Od. 3.300, 7.277, cf. 5.111, etc.: abs., ὁ βορέας ἔξω τοῦ Πόντου εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα φέρει is fair for Greece, X. An. 5.77: metaph., ὅπῃ ἂν ὁ λόγος ὥσπερ πνεῦμα φ. Pl. R. 394d; φ. τινὰ φρένες δύσαρκτοι A. Ch. 1023, cf. Th. 687 (lyr.): — Pass., v. infr. B.

III endure, suffer, λυγρά Od. 18.135; ἄτην Hdt. 1.32; χαλινόν, ζυγόν, A. Ag. 1066, 1226; πημονάς, τύχας, Id. Pers. 293, E. Or. 1024; ξυμφοράς Th. 2.60; τὰς οὐ προσηκούσας ἁμαρτίας Antipho 3.2.10; also of food, ἐσθίουσι πλείω ἢ δύνανται φ. X. Cyr. 8.2.21; of strong wine, bear, admit, καὶ τὰ τρία φέρων καλῶς, i.e. three parts of water, instead of ἴσον ἴσῳ, Ar. Eq. 1188, cf. Ach. 354; so