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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1544 - ἐκβάλλω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to cast out, drive out, to send out
- with notion of violence
- to drive out (cast out)
- to cast out 1a
- of the world, i.e. be deprived of the power and influence he exercises in the world 1a
- a thing: excrement from the belly into the sink
- to expel a person from a society: to banish from a family
- to compel one to depart; to bid one depart, in stern though not violent language
- so employed that the rapid motion of the one going is transferred to the one sending forth 1a
- with notion of violence
- to command or cause one to depart in haste
- to draw out with force, tear out
- with implication of force overcoming opposite force 1a
- to cause a thing to move straight on its intended goal
- to reject with contempt, to cast off or away
- without the notion of violence
- to draw out, extract, one thing inserted in another
- to bring out of, to draw or bring forth
- to except, to leave out, i.e. not receive
- to lead one forth or away somewhere with a force which he cannot resist
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
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ἐκβάλλω,
Arc. ἐσδέλλω IG 5(2).6.49 (Tegea, iv B.C.), fut. -βᾰλῶ: aor. -έβαλον: pf. -βέβληκα: Pass., fut. -βεβλήσομαι E. Ba. 1313: —
I throw or cast out of, c. gen., Ὀδίον μέγαν ἔκβαλε δίφρου Il. 5.39, etc.: abs., throw out, ἐκ δ' εὐνὰς ἔβαλον 1.436, etc.; καὶ τὴν μὲν..ἰχθύσι κύρμα γενέσθαι ἔκβαλον threw her overboard, Od. 15.481, cf. Hdt. 1.24: then in various relations, ἐκπίπτω being freq. used as its Pass.:
1 throw ashore, τὸν δ' ἄρ'..νεὸς ἔκβαλε κῦμ' ἐπὶ χέρσου Od. 19.278; ἄνεμος.. τρηχέως περιέσπε..πολλὰς τῶν νεῶν ἐκβάλλων πρὸς τὸν Ἄθων Hdt. 6.44; ἐ. ἐς τὴν γῆν Id. 7.170 (but in 2.113 ἄνεμοι..ἐκβάλλουσι ἐς τὸ πέλαγος carry out to sea; ἐξέβαλεν ἄνεμος ἡμᾶς drove us out of our course, E. Cyc. 20): — Med., put ashore, ἵππους ἐξεβάλλοντο Hdt. 6.101; jettison, Syngr. ap. D. 35.11.
2. cast out of a place, Κιμμερίους ἐκβαλόντες ἐκ τῆς Εὐρώπης Hdt. 1.103; ἐ. ἐκ τῆς χώρας, of an enemy, Lycurg. 99, cf. D. 60.8; esp. of banishment, ἐκ πόλεως ἐ. drive out of the country, Pl. Grg. 468d, cf. Ar. Pl. 430, etc.; of a corpse, ἔξω τῆς πόλεως, τῶν ὁρίων, Pl. Lg. 873b, 909c: c. acc. only. drive out, banish, Heraclit. 121, S. OC 6 [*] 6, 770, etc.; turn out, νεοττούς Arist. HA 618b12; cast out of the synagogue, Jo. 34; ἐκ τοῦ τάγματος J. BJ 2.8.8; exorcize, cast out evil spirits, Mark 1:34, al.; also in weakened sense, cause to depart, ib. 43.
3. expose on a desertisland, S. Ph. 257, 1034, 1390; expose a dead body, ταφῆς ἄτερ Id. Aj. 1388; ἐ. τέκνα expose children, E. Ion 964.
4. ἐ. γυναῖκα ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας divorce her, D. 59.83: with simple acc., And. 1.125, D. 59.63, D.S. 12.18, etc.: — Pass., LXX Leviticus 21:7.
5. cast out of his seat, depose a king, ἐ. ἕδρας Κρόνον A. Pr. 203; ἐκ τυραννίδος θρόνου τ' ib. 910; ἐκ τῆς τιμῆς X. Cyr. 1.3.9: without ἐκ, ἐ. τινὰ πλούτου S. El. 649: — Pass., to be ejected, of an occupier, PPetr. 2p.143 (iii B.C.), PMagd. 12.8 (iii B.C.), etc.; χάριτος ἐκβεβλημένη S. Aj. 808; ἐκ τῆς φιλίας X. An. 7.5.6; ἐκ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐξεβλ[]θησαν Isoc. 4.70.
6. throw decisively in wrestling. τίν' οὐ παλαίουσ' ἐς τρὶς ἐ. ; S. Fr. 941.13.
7. ἐ. φρέατα dig wells, Plu. Pomp. 32.
8. of drugs, get rid of, τοξεύματα Dsc. 3.32.
9. expel afterbirth, Hp. Mul. 1.78.
10. publish, σύνταξιν Plb. 30.4.11; issue, δόγμα ib. 19.6; ἀπόκρισιν Id. 29.19.5.
II
1. strike out of, χειρῶν δ' ἔκβαλλε κύπελλα Od. 2.396, cf. Theoc. 22.210; ἐκβάλλεθ'..τευχέων πάλους throw them out of the urns, A. Eu. 742: abs., δοῦρα ἐ. fell trees (prop., cut them out of the forest), Od. 5.244.
2. strike open, break in, ἐ. θύρετρα, πύλας, θύρας, E. Or. 1474, Hec. 1044, Lys. 3.23, D. 47.53.
III
1. let fall, drop, χειρὸς δ' ἔκβαλεν ἔγχος Il. 14.419; σφῦραν B. 17.28; ξίφος E. Andr. 629, cf. Ar. Lys. 156; οἰστούς X. An. 2.1.6: metaph., ἦ ῥ' ἅλιον ἔπος ἔκβαλον let fall an idle word, Il. 18.324; εἰ μὴ ὑπερφίαλον ἔπος ἔκβαλε Od. 4.503, cf. Hdt. 6.69, A. Ag. 1662, etc.; ἐ. ῥῆμα Pl. R. 473e: abs., utter, speak, D.L. 9.7; shed, δάκρυα δ' ἔκβαλε θερμά Od. 19.362; ἐ. ἕρκος ὀδόντων cast, shed one's teeth, Sol. 27, cf. E. Cyc. 644, etc.; throw up blood, S. Ant. 1238; spit out, Thphr. HP 4.8.4; ἐκβαλεῦσι τὰς κούρας their eyes will drop out, prov. of covetous persons, Herod. 4.64. throw away, cast aside, reject, εὐμένειαν, χάριν, S. OC 631, 636, cf. Plb. 1.14.4; προγόνων παλαιὰ θέσμια E. Fr. 360.45; θεούς Ar. Nu. 1477; recall, repudiate, ἐ. λόγους Pl. Cri. 46b; annul, τοὔπος S. OT 849; remoue an official from his post, D. 21.87; drive an actor from the stage, Id. 19.337: metaph., of a politician, Pl. Ax. 368d: — Pass., Ar. Eq. 525; ἐκβάλλεσθαι ἄξια Antipho 4.3.1. lose, properly by one's own fault, φρένας, τἀγαθόν. S. Ant. 649, Aj. 965, cf. Ar. Eq. 404, Ec. 75. produce, of women, Hp. Epid. 4.25 (of premature birth), Plu. Publ. 21; esp. in case of a miscarriage or abortion, Hp. Mul. 1.60, Thphr. HP 9.18.8; βρέφος ἐκ τῆς γαστρός Ant.Lib. 34; with play on 1.2, D.L. 2.102, etc.; hatch chicks, Sch. Ar. Av. 251. of plants, ἐ. καρπόν put forth fruit, Hp. Nat.Puer. 22; ἐ. στάχυν E. Ba. 75): — Pass., τὰ ἐκβαλλόμενα BGU 197.12 (i A.D.). put out a bone or joint, Hp. Fract. 31, Art. 67; χεῖρα Arr. Epict. 3.15.4. upset, undo the effect of a speech, Plb. 11.10.6. Math., produce a line, in Pass., Arist. Cael. 71b29, Mech. 850a11, Str. 2.1.29, etc.; ἐ. εἰς ἄπειρον produce to infinity, in metaph. sense, τὰ δεινά Phld. D. 1.12, cf. 13.
2. start counting, in astronomical calculations, Procl. Par.Ptol. 252. intr., go out, depart, ἵν' ἐκβάλω ποδὶ ἄλλην ἐπ' αἶαν E. El. 96; of the sea, break out of its bed, Arist. Mete. 367b13; of a rivcr, branch off, Pl. Phd. 113a: metaph., ἐπειδὰν ἐς μειράκια ἐκβάλωσιν D.C. 52.26.
ἐκβάλλω; imperfect 3 person plural ἐξέβαλλον (Mark 6:13 (Tr marginal reading aorist)); future ἐκβάλω; pluperfect ἐκβεβλήκειν (without augment, Mark 16:9; cf. Winers Grammar, § 12, 9; Buttmann, 33 (29)); 2 aorist ἐξέβαλον; (passive and middle present ἐκβάλλομαι); 1 aorist passive ἐξεβλήθην; future passive ἐκβληθήσομαι; (from Homer down); the Sept. generally for גָּרַשׁ, occasionally for הוצִיא, הורִישׁ, הִשְׁלִיך; to cast out; to drive out; to send out;
1. with the included notion of more or less violence;
a. to drive out, (cast out): a person, Matthew 21:12; Mark 9:15; John 2:15 (ἐκ); Luke 20:12, etc.; passive Matthew 8:12 (T WH (rejected) marginal reading ἐξελεύσονται); δαιμόνια, Matthew 7:22; Matthew 8:16, 31; Matthew 9:33; Mark 1:34, 39; Luke 11:20; Luke 13:32, etc.; ἐκ τίνος, Mark 7:26; ἀπό, Mark 16:9 (L WH Tr text παρά); ἐν τίνι, by, through (Winer's Grammar, 389 (364)), Matthew 9:34; Matthew 12:24, 27; Mark 3:22; Luke 11:15, 19f; τῷ ὀνόματι τίνος, Matthew 7:22; (Mark 9:38 Rst G); ἐπί τῷ ὀνόματι τίνος, Luke 9:49 (WH Tr marginal reading ἐν; ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Mark 9:38 Relz L T Tr WH); λόγῳ, Matthew 8:16; τινα ἔξω τῆς πόλεως, Luke 4:29; Acts 7:58.
b. to cast out: τινα followed by ἔξω, John 6:37; John 9:34; John 12:31 (namely, out of the world, i. e. be deprived of the power and influence he exercises in the world); Luke 13:28; ἔξω with the genitive, Matthew 21:39; Mark 12:8; Luke 20:15. a thing: excrement from the belly into the sink, Matthew 15:17; middle ἐκβαλλόμενοι (i. e. for themselves, that they might the more easily save the ship and thereby their lives) τόν σῖτον εἰς τήν θάλασσαν, Acts 27:38.
c. to expel a person from a society: to banish from a family, Galatians 4:30 (Genesis 21:10); ἐκ (Tdf. omits ἐκ) τῆς ἐκκλησίας, 3 John 1:10.
d. to compel one to depart: ἀπό τῶν ὁρίων, Acts 13:50; to bid one depart, in stern though not violent language, Matthew 9:25; Mark 5:40; Acts 9:40; Acts 16:37 (where distinguished from ἐξάγειν); to bid one go forth to do some business, Matthew 9:38; Luke 10:2.
e. so employed that the rapid motion of the one going is transferred to the one sending forth; to command or cause one to depart in haste: Mark 1:43; James 2:25; τά πάντα (namely, πρόβατα), to let them out of the fold so that they rush forth (others, to thrust them forth by laying hold of them), John 10:4.
f. to draw out with force, tear out: τί, Mark 9:47.
g. with the implication of force overcoming opposing force; to cause a thing to move straight on to its intended goal: τήν κρίσιν εἰς νῖκος, Matthew 12:20. h. to reject with contempt; to cast off or away: τό ὄνομα τίνος ὡς πονηρόν, Luke 6:22 (Plato, Crito, p. 46 b.; de rep. 2, p. 377 c.; Sophocles O. C. 636,646; of actors driven from the stage, hissed and hooted off, Demosthenes, p. 449, 19).
2. without the notion of violence;
a. to draw out, extract, one thing inserted in another: τό κάρφος τό ἐν τῷ ὀφθαλμῷ, Luke 6:42; ἐκ τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ, ibid. and Matthew 7:5; ἀπό τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ 4 (where L T Tr WH ἐκ).
b. to bring out of, to draw or bring forth: τί ἐκ τοῦ θησαυροῦ, Matthew 12:35; Matthew 13:52; money from a purse, Luke 10:35.
e. to except, to leave out, i. e. not receive: τί, followed by ἔξω (or ἔξωθεν), Revelation 11:2 (leave out from the things to be measured, equivalent to μή αὐτήν μετρήσῃς).
d. followed by εἰς with the accusative of place, to lead one forth or away somewhere with a force which he cannot resist: Mark 1:12. (On the pleonastic phrase ἐκβάλλειν ἔξω (or ἔξωθεν) cf. Winers Grammar, § 65, 2.)
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ἐκ -βάλλω ,
[in LXX chiefly for H1644 pi., also for H7993 hi., H3318 hi., H3423 hi., etc.;]
1. to drive, cast or send out, to expel: c. acc rei, mid. (σῖτον ), seq. εἰς , Acts 27:38; pass., Matthew 15:17; c. acc pers., Matthew 21:12, Mark 11:15, al.; δαιμόνια , Matthew 7:22, Mark 1:34, al.; id. seq. ἐκ , Mark 7:26; παρά , Mark 16:9; ἐν , Mark 3:22; (ἐν ) τ . ὀνόματι , Matthew 7:22, Mark 9:38; λόγῳ , Matthew 8:16; seq. ἔξω , John 6:37; id. c. gen., Mark 12:8, al.; of expulsion from home, Galatians 4:30; from the Church, 3 John 1:10.
2. In LXX and NT (like Heb. H3318 and Aram.הַנְפֵּק ), to command or cause to depart: Matthew 9:38, Mark 1:12 (v. Swete, in l), ib. Mark 1:43; Mark 5:40, Luke 10:2, James 2:25; τ . κρίσιν εἰς νῖκος (to cause to proceed to its goal), Matthew 12:20 (LXX).
3. to reject (cl.): τ . ὄνομα ὑμῶς ὡς πονηρόν (cf. Deuteronomy 25:14), Luke 6:22; to leave out, Revelation 11:2.
4. to take, draw or pluck out;
(a) with violence: Matthew 7:5, Mark 9:47, Luke 6:42;
(b) to bring forth or out of: Matthew 12:35, Luke 10:35.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
In P Ryl II. 80.1 (i/A.D.), in view of danger threatening the Nile banks, the village elders are ordered—ἐκβάλετε εἰς τὰ χώματα [τοῦ Πατεμίτου ] Ἄνωι ὑδροφύλακας, ";send out irrigation-guards on to the banks of the Upper Patemite district"; (Edd.). With its use, no fewer than 11 times in Mk, in connexion with the driving out of demons may be compared the heading of the magical incantation in P Par 574.1227 (iii/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 113) πρᾶξις γενναία ἐκβάλλουσα δαίμονας, and for the literal usage, as in Matthew 21:12, cf. the early P Lond 887.6 (iii/B.C.) (= III. p. 1) ἐγβέβληκέ με ἐκ τῶν ἐμῶν μερῶν τῆς αἰλῆς τῆι βίαι χρώμενος, P Magd 12.11 (B.C. 217) ἐγβαλεῖν με ἐκ τῶν κλήρων, and P Flor III. 319.5 (A.D. 132–7) ὧν (sc. ἀρουρῶν) ἐξέβαλόν με ο ̣ἱ ἐν γιτνίᾳ μου ὄντες. The sense of banishment from a family or society, as in Galatians 4:30 (from Genesis 21:10), 3 John 1:10, may be paralleled from BGU IV. 1050.15, a marriage-contract of the time of Augustus, where a man is bound over not to ill-treat his wife, μηδ᾽ ἐγβάλλειν μηδ᾽ ἄλλην γυναῖκα ἐπεισάγειν, ";nor to put her away, nor to marry another woman in addition to her"; : cf. P Tebt I. 104.22 (B.C. 92) and ib. 105.31 (B.C. 103) where in a lease of land provision is made that it shall not be in the power of the lessee to let the land to others μηδ᾽ ἐγβάλλειν τὸν Πτολεμαῖον πρὸ τοῦ χρόνου, ";nor to expel P. before the proper period,"; also P Sa‘id Khan I. A.21 f (B.C. 88) (= JHS xxxv. p. 28). In P Oxy IV. 744.10 (B.C. I) (= Selections, p. 33) a man writes to his wife with reference to the expected birth of a child—ἐὰν ἦν θήλεα, ἔκβαλε, ";if it is a female, expose it";; cf. Syll 737.95 (c. A.D. 175) ἐπιτείμια δὲ ἔστω τὰ αὐτὰ τῷ εὐκόσμῳ μὴ ἐκβαλόντι τοὺς μαχομένους. For the meaning ";bring forth,"; ";produce,"; as in Matthew 12:35, we may point to BGU I. 197.12 (A.D. 17) ";de agrorum proventu,"; τῶν ἐγβαλ [λομένων ] καθ᾽ ἔτος ἐκ τοῦ κλήρου γενημάτων καὶ ἐπιγενημάτω [ν. A similar weakened force of the verb is found in such NT passages as Matthew 13:52, Luke 10:35, John 10:4, James 2:25. MGr βγάλλω.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.