Bible Lexicons

נָפַל fut. יִפֹּל, inf. נְפֹּל with suff. נִפְלוֹ 2 Samuel 1:10, and נָפְלוֹ 1 Samuel 29:3.

(1) to fall. (Syr. Ch. ܢܦܰܠ, נְפַל id. The primary syllable fal which is found in this sense in the Germ. fallen, Engl. to fall; Gr. and Lat. fallo, σφάλλω, pr. is to cause to fall, to supplant; transp, it is labi). It is used of a man falling on the ground, Psalms 37:24 or falling from a horse or a seat, Genesis 49:17; 1 Samuel 4:18 into a ditch (בַּשַּׁחַת) Psalms 7:16 falling into a snare, Amos 3:5, etc.; falling in battle, 2 Samuel 1:4; Isaiah 10:4; Psalms 82:7 (fully נָפַל בַּחֶרֶב to fall by the sword, Psalms 78:64; Ezekiel 11:10, and so frequently); used of one fallen sick (נָפַל לְמִשְׁכָּב compare the Fr. tomber malade [so the English expression]), Exodus 21:18 also used of buildings falling into decay, Judges 7:13; Ezekiel 13:12; Amos 9:11. Part. נֹפֵל falling; in a past sense, fallen, lying down, Judges 3:25; 1 Samuel 5:3, 31:8 Deuteronomy 21:1 in a future sense, about to fall, becoming a ruin, Isaiah 30:13. Used of a prophet who sees visions, divinely brought before him in his sleep; thus are the words to be understood, Numbers 24:4, “who saw the visions of God נֹפֵל וּגְלוּי עֵינַיִם lying (in sleep) and with open eyes” (sc. of the mind); an incorrect interpretation was lately given of this passage by a learned man (Lit. Zeit. Jen. 1830, iv. p. 381), who interpreted נֹפֵל in this passage of the falling sickness. Specially to fall is used of

(a) a fetus which is born, Isaiah 26:18 comp. Il. xix. 110, ὅς κὲν ἐπʼ ἤματι τῷδε πέσῃ μετὰ ποσσὶ γυναικός; where the Schol. πέσῃ, γεννήθῃ; also, καταπίπτω, Sap. vii. 3; cadere de matre, Stat. Theb. i. 60; Arab. سقط (not وقع). In Chaldee, נְפַל specially is used of an abortion; whence Heb. נֶפֶל, which see.

(b) used of members of the body which fall away, become emaciated (einfallen), Numbers 5:21, 27.

(c) of the face cast down through sorrow, Genesis 4:5,. Comp. Hiphil No. 1, e.

(d) of men who are fallen into calamities, 2 Samuel 1:10; Proverbs 24:16.

(e) of kingdoms or states, which are overthrown, Isaiah 21:9; Jeremiah 51:8; Amos 5:2.

(f) of lots which are cast, Ezekiel 24:6; Jonah 1:7 and even of any thing obtained by lot, followed by לְ Numbers 34:2; Judges 18:1.-Also, in various ways it is figuratively applied (to express ideas for which in Latin compound verbs would be used)

(g) to fall down (from heaven), used of divinely revealed oracles, Isaiah 9:7 comp. Chald. Daniel 4:28, and Arab. نزل to fall down (from heaven), to be revealed. Hence the Spirit of God, or the hand of God, is said to descend upon any one, Ezekiel 8:1, 11:5.

(h) to fall upon any one as deep sleep (to oppress), followed by עַל Genesis 15:12 terror, Exodus 15:16; Joshua 2:9; Esther 8:17, 9:2 Psalms 55:5, 105:38 Daniel 10:7; Job 13:11 calamity, Isaiah 47:11.

(1) to fall from one’s purpose or counsel, followed by מִן Psalms 5:11, יִפְּלוּ מִמֹּעֲצוֹתָם “let them fall from their counsels;” compare Ovid. Met. ii. 328.

(k) to fall to the ground, to fail, Numbers 6:12 especially used of vain promises, Joshua 21:45, 23:14. More fully נָפַל אַרְצָה, Gr. πίπτειν εἰς γῆν, ἔραζε, 2 Kings 10:10 (comp. χαμαιπετὲς ἔπος, Pind. Pyth. vi. 37; Nem. iv. 65; Ol. ix. 19; Platonis Eutyphr. 17).

(l) to fall out, to happen. Ruth 3:18, אֵיךְ יִפֹּל דָּבָר “how the thing will fall out” (Cic. Brut. 40), i.e. will happen; comp. Chald. Ezra 7:20.

(m) followed by מִן comparative, to fall in comparison with any one, i.e. to be inferior to him, to yield to him, Job 12:3, 13:2 also, followed by לִפְנֵי Esther 6:13.

(2) It is also used of those who purposely cast themselves, throw themselves, or rush upon any place (compare Syr. ܢܦܠ, which is put in the New Test. for πίπτειν and βάλλεσθαι), specially

(a) to fall prostrate, to prostrate oneself, 2 Samuel 1:2 וַיִּפֹּל אַרְצָה, “and he fell (prostrated himself) on the ground,” Job 1:20 often with the addition of עַל פָּנָיו Genesis 17:3, 17 Genesis 17:17; Numbers 16:4; Joshua 7:6 עַל אַפָּיו 2 Samuel 14:4 לְאַפָּיו אַרְצָה 1 Samuel 20:41 also לִפְנֵי פ׳ Genesis 44:14 לִפְנֵי רַגְלֵי פ׳ Esther 8:3.

(b) נָפַל עַל צַוְּארֵי פ׳ to fall on some one’s neck, to rush into his embrace, Genesis 33:4, 45:14 46:29 compare 50:1.

(c) נָפַל עַל חַרְבֹּו to fall, (throw oneself) on one’s own sword, 1 Samuel 31:4, 1 Samuel 31:5; 1 Chronicles 10:4.

(d) to fall upon as an enemy, to attack, Job 1:15 followed by בְּ Joshua 11:7.

(e) to alight from a beast or chariot; followed by מֵעַל Genesis 24:64; 2 Kings 5:21.

(f) to let oneself down, to encamp as an army, Judges 7:12 of a people, Genesis 25:18 (compare 16:12 ). LXX. κατῴκησε.

(g) נָפְלָה תְחִנָּתִי לִפְנֵי my prayer (petition) falls before any one, a phrase which has a twofold meaning.

(α) to ask as a suppliant, Jeremiah 36:7.

(β) to be heard and attended to, answered; Jeremiah 37:20, 42:2, (pr. to be allowed to lay one’s petition down; to accept it; which, when it is done, intimates a disposition to answer it).

(h) to fall away, to desert, (abfallen), Gr. πίπτειν, διαπίπτειν, 1 Samuel 29:3 followed by עַל 1 Chronicles 12:19, 20 1 Chronicles 12:20; 2 Chronicles 15:9; Jeremiah 21:9, 37:14 39:9 Isaiah 54:15 אֶל Jeremiah 37:13, 38:19 52:15 to any one.

Hiphil

(1) causat. of Kal No. 1 to cause to fall, i.e.

(a) to cast, to throw (werfen) e.g. wood on the fire, Jeremiah 22:7 to throw down, to prostrate any one (niederwerfen), Deuteronomy 25:2 to throw down, a wall, 2 Samuel 20:15.

(b) to cause any one to fall by the sword, Jeremiah 19:7; Daniel 11:12 to fell trees, 2 Kings 3:19, 25 2 Kings 3:25, 6:5.

(c) to bear, to bring forth, Germ. werfen (see Kal No. 1, a), Isaiah 26:19 “the earth shall bring forth the dead,” i.e. cast them forth from herself.

(d) to cause to fall away (as a limb-the thigh), to emaciate, Numbers 5:22 see Kal No. 1, b.

(e) to cause to fall, used of the countenance, for sorrow or anger, Jeremiah 3:12 followed by בְּ of pers. (to be angry with any one); also הִפִּיל פְּנֵי פ׳ to let any one’s countenance fall, i.e. to make sad, Job 29:24 see Kal No. 1, c.

(f) to cast a lot, Psalms 22:19; Proverbs 1:14 also without גּוֹרָל 1 Samuel 14:42 hence to distribute by lot, to appropriate to any one followed by an acc. of the thing, and לְ of pers. Joshua 13:6, 23:4 Ezekiel 45:1, 47:22 without the dat. Psalms 78:55 see Kal No. 1, f.

(g) to lay down one’s request (petition) before any one, i.e. to ask as a suppliant, Jerem. 38:26 42:9 Daniel 9:18, 20 see Kal 2, g.,

(2) to let fall, e.g. a stone, Numbers 35:23 hence

(a) הִפִּיל אַרְצָה to let fall to the ground (used of a promise), not to fulfil, 1 Samuel 3:19 without אַרְצָה Esther 6:10 see Kal 1, k.

(b) to drop, to desist from anything (Germ. eine Sache fallen laffen); followed by מִן Judges 2:19.

Hithpael

(1) to prostrate oneself, Deuteron. 9:18, 25 Ezra 10:1.

(2) followed by עַל to rush upon, to attack any one, Genesis 43:18.

Pilel נִפְלַל once in Ezekiel (a book abounding in uncommon forms) 28:23, i.q. נָפַל, which is found in a similar connection, Ezekiel 30:4, 32:20.

Derivative nouns, נֶפֶל, נָפִיל, מַפָּל, מַפֵּלָה, מַפֶּלֶת.

אֶפְּלָה־ אֶפֹּֽלָה׃ אֶפֹּֽל׃ אַפִּ֣יל אַפִּ֥יל אַפִּֽיל׃ אפיל אפיל׃ אפל׃ אפלה־ אפלה׃ בִּנְפֹ֖ל בִּנְפֹ֣ל בִּנְפֹ֥ל בִּנְפֹ֧ל בַנֹּפְלִ֗ים בַנֹּפְלִ֛ים בנפל בנפלים הֲיִפְּל֖וּ הֲתִפֹּ֤ל הִ֝פַּלְתָּ֗ם הִפִּ֑ילָה הִפִּ֙ילוּ֙ הִפִּ֣יל הִפִּ֤יל הִפִּ֥יל הִפִּ֨ילוּ הִפִּילֻ֥הוּ הִפַּ֜לְנוּ הִפַּ֤לְתִּי הִפַּ֨לְתִּי הִתְנַפָּ֑לְתִּי הַנֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים הַנֹּֽפְלִים֙ הַנֹּפְלִ֑ים הַנֹּפְלִ֖ים הַנֹּפְלִ֨ים הַנֹּפֵ֖ל הַנֹּפֵ֨ל הַנֹּפֶ֑לֶת הַפִּ֕ילוּ הַפִּלֶ֤הָ היפלו הנפל הנפלים הנפלת הפיל הפילה הפילהו הפילו הפלה הפלנו הפלתי הפלתם התנפלתי התפל וְהִפִּ֖ילוּ וְהִפִּ֛יל וְהִפִּ֥יל וְהִפִּיל֤וֹ וְהִפַּלְתִּ֤ים וְהִפַּלְתִּ֥י וְהִפַּלְתִּ֥יו וְהִפַּלְתִּי֙ וְהַנֹּ֣פְלִ֔ים וְיִפֹּ֑ל וְיִפֹּ֖ל וְלַנְפִּ֣ל וְנִפְּלָה֙ וְנִפְל֖וּ וְנִפְלַ֤ל וְנַפִּ֣ילָה וְנָ֣פְלוּ וְנָ֣פַלְתָּ֔ וְנָ֣פַלְתָּ֔ה וְנָ֨פְלָ֜ה וְנָֽפְל֛וּ וְנָֽפְלָה֙ וְנָֽפְלוּ֙ וְנָֽפַל־ וְנָפְל֖וּ וְנָפְל֣וּ וְנָפְל֥וּ וְנָפְל֧וּ וְנָפְלָ֖ה וְנָפְלָ֗ה וְנָפַ֔ל וְנָפַ֖ל וְנָפַ֣ל וְנָפַ֤ל וְנָפַ֥ל וְנָפַ֨ל וְנָפַלְתִּ֖י וְנָפָ֑לוּ וְנָפָֽלוּ׃ וְנֹפֵ֥ל וְתִפֹּ֤ל וַ֝יִּפֹּ֗ל וַ֭יַּפֵּל וַֽ֭יַּפִּילֵם וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּ וַֽיִּפְּל֛וּ וַֽיִּפְּל֞וּ וַֽיִּפְּל֥וּ וַֽיִּפְּלוּ֙ וַיִּפְּל֤וּ וַיִּפְּל֥וּ וַיִּפְּלוּ־ וַיִּפָּל־ וַיִּפֹּ֖ל וַיִּפֹּ֛ל וַיִּפֹּ֞ל וַיִּפֹּ֣ל וַיִּפֹּ֤ל וַיִּפֹּ֥ל וַיִּפֹּ֧ל וַיִּפֹּ֨ל וַיִּפֹּל֙ וַיִּפֹּל֩ וַיַּפִּ֙לוּ֙ וַיַּפִּ֜ילוּ וַיַּפִּ֨ילוּ וַיַּפִּילוּ֩ וַיַּפֵּ֥ל וַיַּפֵּל֩ וַתִּפֹּ֖ל וַתִּפֹּ֞ל וַתִּפֹּ֣ל וַתִּפֹּ֤ל וַתִּפֹּ֧ל וַתִּפֹּ֨ל וַתִּפֹּֽל׃ וַתִּפֹּל֙ וַתַּפֵּ֥ל וָֽאֶתְנַפַּ֞ל וָֽאֶתְנַפַּל֩ וָאֶפְּלָ֖ה וָאֶפְּלָ֨ה וָאֶפֹּ֖ל וָאֶפֹּ֣ל וָאֶפֹּ֨ל וּבְהַפִּֽילְכֶ֨ם וּלְהִתְנַפֵּ֣ל וּלְהַפִּ֣יל וּמִתְנַפֵּ֔ל וּמַפִּ֣יל וּנְפַלְתֶּ֖ם ואפל ואפלה ואתנפל ובהפילכם והנפלים והפיל והפילו והפלתי והפלתיו והפלתים ויפילו ויפילם ויפל ויפל־ ויפלו ויפלו־ ולהפיל ולהתנפל ולנפל ומפיל ומתנפל ונפילה ונפל ונפל־ ונפלה ונפלו ונפלו׃ ונפלל ונפלת ונפלתה ונפלתי ונפלתם ותפל ותפל׃ יִ֝פְּל֗וּ יִפְּל֑וּ יִפְּל֔וּ יִפְּל֖וּ יִפְּל֣וּ יִפְּל֥וּ יִפְּל֧וּ יִפְּל֨וּ יִפְּלוּ֙ יִפְּלוּ֮ יִפְּלוּ־ יִפָּל־ יִפֹּ֑ל יִפֹּ֑לוּ יִפֹּ֔לוּ יִפֹּ֖לוּ יִפֹּ֗לוּ יִפֹּ֛ל יִפֹּ֜ל יִפֹּ֞ל יִפֹּ֣ל יִפֹּ֤ל יִפֹּ֥ל יִפֹּ֨ל יִפֹּֽלוּ׃ יִפֹּל֙ יִפֹּל־ יִפּ֑וֹל יִפּ֔וֹל יִפּ֖וֹל יִפּ֣וֹל יִפּ֥וֹל יִפָּל־ יִפּֽוֹל׃ יַפִּ֑יל יַפִּ֔ילוּ יַפִּ֥ילוּ יַפִּילֽוּן׃ יַפִּלֵ֑ם יפול יפול׃ יפיל יפילו יפילון׃ יפל יפל־ יפלו יפלו־ יפלו׃ יפלם כְּשֶׁתִּפּ֥וֹל כִּנְפ֛וֹל כִּנְפֹ֤ל כנפול כנפל כשתפול לְ֭הַפִּיל לְהַפִּ֥יל לִנְפֹּ֑ל לִנְפֹּ֖ל לִנְפֹּ֣ל לִנְפֹּ֤ל להפיל לנפל מַפִּ֣יל מַפִּילִ֤ים מַפִּיל־ מפיל מפיל־ מפילים נִפְּלָה־ נִפְל֑וֹ נִפְל֥וּ נִפְלָ֔ם נָ֣פַל נָ֨פְלָה נָ֨פַל נָ֭פְלוּ נָֽפְלָה֙ נָֽפְלוּ֙ נָֽפְלוּ־ נָפ֥וֹל נָפְל֖וֹ נָפְל֖וּ נָפְל֣וּ נָפְל֥וּ נָפְל֨וּ נָפְלָ֖ה נָפְלָ֣ה נָפְלָ֤ה נָפְלָ֥ה נָפְלוּ֙ נָפַ֖ל נָפַ֖לְתִּי נָפַ֛ל נָפַ֞ל נָפַ֣ל נָפַ֤ל נָפַ֥ל נָפַ֥לְתָּ נָפַל֙ נָפַל֩ נָפָ֑ל נָפָ֑לְתָּ נָפָ֑לוּ נָפָ֔ל נָפָ֔לוּ נָפָ֖לוּ נָפָֽלָה׃ נָפָֽל׃ נָפָֽלוּ׃ נֹפְלִ֖ים נֹפְלִ֣ים נֹפְלִ֥ים נֹפֵ֔ל נֹפֵ֖ל נֹפֵ֣ל נֹפֵ֤ל נֹפֵ֥ל נֹפֵֽל׃ נֹפֵל֙ נֹפֶ֔לֶת נֹפֶ֙לֶת֙ נֹפֶ֥לֶת נוֹפֵ֣ל נופל נפול נפל נפל׃ נפלה נפלה־ נפלה׃ נפלו נפלו־ נפלו׃ נפלים נפלם נפלת נפלתי עַל־ על־ שֶׁיִּפּ֔וֹל שֶׁיִּפּ֥וֹל שָֽׁם׃ שיפול שם׃ תִּפָּל־ תִּפֹּ֑לְנָה תִּפֹּ֔לְנָה תִּפֹּ֔לוּ תִּפֹּ֤ל תִּפֹּ֨ל תִּפֹּֽלוּ׃ תִּפּ֑וֹל תִּפּ֔וֹל תִּפּ֖וֹל תִּפּ֗וֹל תִּפּֽוֹל׃ תִפֹּ֑ל תִפּ֑וֹל תַּפִּ֑ילוּ תַּפִּ֔ילוּ תַּפִּ֣יל תַּפִּ֣לוּ תַּפִּ֥ילוּ תַּפִּֽיל׃ תַּפֵּ֣ל תפול תפול׃ תפיל תפיל׃ תפילו תפל תפל־ תפלו תפלו׃ תפלנה ‘al- ’ap·pîl ’appîl ’ep·pə·lāh- ’ep·pō·lāh ’ep·pōl ’eppəlāh- ’eppōl ’eppōlāh al apPil ḇan·nō·p̄ə·lîm ḇannōp̄əlîm bin·p̄ōl binFol binp̄ōl eppelah epPol epPolah hă·ṯip·pōl hă·yip·pə·lū han·nō·p̄e·leṯ han·nō·p̄ə·lîm han·nō·p̄êl hannoFel hannoFelet hanNofeLim hannōp̄êl hannōp̄eleṯ hannōp̄əlîm hap·pi·le·hā hap·pî·lū happiLeha happilehā hapPilu happîlū hatipPol hăṯippōl hayippeLu hăyippəlū hip·pal·nū hip·pal·tām hip·pal·tî hip·pî·lāh hip·pî·lū hip·pî·lu·hū hip·pîl hipPalnu hippalnū hippalTam hippaltām hipPalti hippaltî hipPil hippîl hipPilah hippîlāh hipPilu hippîlū hippiLuhu hippîluhū hiṯ·nap·pā·lə·tî hiṯnappālətî hitnapPalti kə·šet·tip·pō·wl kəšettippōwl keshettipPol kin·p̄ō·wl kin·p̄ōl kinFol kinp̄ōl kinp̄ōwl lə·hap·pîl lehapPil ləhappîl lin·pōl linPol linpōl map·pî·lîm map·pîl map·pîl- mapPil mappîl mappîl- mappiLim mappîlîm nā·p̄ā·lāh nā·p̄ā·lə·tā nā·p̄ā·lū nā·p̄al nā·p̄āl nā·p̄al·tā nā·p̄al·tî nā·p̄ə·lāh nā·p̄ə·lōw nā·p̄ə·lū nā·p̄ə·lū- nā·p̄ō·wl naFal naFalah naFalta naFalti naFalu nafeLah nafeLo nafeLu naFol nāp̄al nāp̄āl nāp̄ālāh nāp̄ālətā nāp̄altā nāp̄altî nāp̄ālū nāp̄əlāh nāp̄əlōw nāp̄əlū nāp̄əlū- nāp̄ōwl nifLam nifLo nifLu nip̄·lām nip̄·lōw nip̄·lū nip·pə·lāh- nip̄lām nip̄lōw nip̄lū nippelah nippəlāh- nō·p̄e·leṯ nō·p̄ə·lîm nō·p̄êl nō·w·p̄êl noFel noFelet nofeLim nōp̄êl nōp̄eleṯ nōp̄əlîm nōwp̄êl šām še·yip·pō·wl šeyippōwl Sham sheiyipPol tap·pêl tap·pi·lū tap·pî·lū tap·pîl tapPel tappêl tapPil tappîl tapPilu tappilū tappîlū tip·pāl- tip·pō·lə·nāh tip·pō·lū tip·pō·wl ṯip·pō·wl tip·pōl ṯip·pōl tippāl- tipPol tippōl ṯippōl tipPolenah tippōlənāh tipPolu tippōlū tippōwl ṯippōwl ū·ḇə·hap·pî·lə·ḵem ū·lə·hap·pîl ū·lə·hiṯ·nap·pêl ū·map·pîl ū·miṯ·nap·pêl ū·nə·p̄al·tem ūḇəhappîləḵem ulehapPil ūləhappîl ulehitnapPel ūləhiṯnappêl umapPil ūmappîl umitnapPel ūmiṯnappêl unefalTem ūnəp̄altem uvhappileChem vaeppeLah vaepPol vaetnapPal vaiyapPel Vaiyappilem vaiyappiLu vaiyippeLu vaiyipPol vannofeLim vattapPel vattipPol vehanNofeLim vehippalTi vehippalTim vehippalTiv vehipPil vehippiLo vehipPilu velanPil venaFal veNafalta veNafalTah venafalTi venaFalu venafeLah venafeLu venafLu venapPilah venifLal venifLu venippeLah venoFel vetipPol veyipPol wā’eppəlāh wā’eppōl wā’eṯnappal wā·’ep·pə·lāh wā·’ep·pōl wā·’eṯ·nap·pal wat·tap·pêl wat·tip·pōl wattappêl wattippōl way·yap·pêl way·yap·pî·lêm way·yap·pi·lū way·yap·pî·lū way·yip·pāl- way·yip·pə·lū way·yip·pə·lū- way·yip·pōl wayyappêl wayyappîlêm wayyappilū wayyappîlū wayyippāl- wayyippəlū wayyippəlū- wayyippōl wə·han·nō·p̄ə·lîm wə·hip·pal·tî wə·hip·pal·tîm wə·hip·pal·tîw wə·hip·pî·lōw wə·hip·pî·lū wə·hip·pîl wə·lan·pil wə·nā·p̄ā·lū wə·nā·p̄al wə·nā·p̄al- wə·nā·p̄al·tā wə·nā·p̄al·tāh wə·nā·p̄al·tî wə·nā·p̄ə·lāh wə·nā·p̄ə·lū wə·nap·pî·lāh wə·nip̄·lal wə·nip̄·lū wə·nip·pə·lāh wə·nō·p̄êl wə·ṯip·pōl wə·yip·pōl wəhannōp̄əlîm wəhippaltî wəhippaltîm wəhippaltîw wəhippîl wəhippîlōw wəhippîlū wəlanpil wənāp̄al wənāp̄al- wənāp̄altā wənāp̄altāh wənāp̄altî wənāp̄ālū wənāp̄əlāh wənāp̄əlū wənappîlāh wənip̄lal wənip̄lū wənippəlāh wənōp̄êl wəṯippōl wəyippōl yap·pi·lêm yap·pî·lū yap·pî·lūn yap·pîl yapPil yappîl yappiLem yappilêm yapPilu yappîlū yappiLun yappîlūn yip·pāl- yip·pə·lū yip·pə·lū- yip·pō·lū yip·pō·wl yip·pōl yip·pōl- yippāl- yippeLu yippəlū yippəlū- yippol yippōl yippōl- yipPolu yippōlū yippōwl