the Third Week of Advent
Click here to join the effort!
Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #4191 - מוּת
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to die, kill, have one executed
- 1a)(Qal)
- to die
- to die (as penalty), be put to death
- to die, perish (of a nation)
- to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct)
- (Polel) to kill, put to death, dispatch
- (Hiphil) to kill, put to death
- (Hophal)
- to be killed, be put to death
- to die prematurely
- to be killed, be put to death
- 1a)(Qal)
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
1298) tm (מת MT) AC: Die CO: Man AB: Mortality: The pictograph m is a picture of water representing chaos, the t is a picture of two crossed sticks representing a mark or sign. Combined these mean "chaos mark". The length of time that something exists and ends. (eng: mute; moot - as a dead point; mortal - with an additional r and l; mate - of "check mate" meaning "king is dead")
A) tm (מת MT) AC: ? CO: Man AB: Mortality: A length of time that comes to an end.
Nm) tm (מת MT) - Man: As mortal. KJV (22): man, few, friend, number, person, small - Strongs: H4962 (מֹת)
fm) itm (מתי MTY) - When: An unknown duration of time. KJV (3): when, long - Strongs: H4970 (מָתַי)
J) tfm (מות MWT) AC: Die CO: ? AB: Death: The end of time for what has died.
V) tfm (מות MWT) - Die: KJV (835): (vf: Paal, Hiphil, Hophal) die, dead, slay, death - Strongs: H4191 (מוּת)
Nm) tfm (מות MWT) - Death: [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (163): death, die, dead, deadly, slay - Strongs: H4192 (מוּת), H4193 (מוֹת), H4194 (מָוֶת)
am) tfmm (ממות MMWT) - Death: KJV (2): death - Strongs: H4463 (מָמוֹת)
if1) etfmt (תמותה TMWTH) - Death: KJV (2): death, die - Strongs: H8546 (תְּמוּתָה)
Adopted Roots:
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular מֵת Genesis 42:38 +; 3 feminine singular מֵ֫תָה Genesis 35:18 +; 2 masculine singular מַתֶּה Ezekiel 28:8; 1 singular וָמַ֑תִּי Genesis 19:19; 3 masculine plural מֵ֫תוּ Genesis 7:22 +; 1 plural מַתְנוּ Numbers 14:2; 2 Kings 7:4; מָ֑תְנוּ Numbers 14:9 +; Imperfect יָמוּת Genesis 38:11 +; יָמֹ֑ת Deuteronomy 33:6 +; וַיָּ֫מָת Genesis 11:28 +; 1 singular אָמוּת Genesis 26:9 +; אָמֻת 2 Samuel 19:38; אָמוּ֫תָה Genesis 46:30; 3 masculine plural יָמ֫וּתוּ 1 Samuel 2:23 +; יְמֻתוּן Numbers 16:29; 3 feminine plural תְּמוּתֶ֫נָה Ezekiel 13:19 (Ges§ 72, 5) +; Imperative מֻת Deuteronomy 32:50; Job 2:9; Infinitive absolute מוֺת Genesis 2:17 +; construct מוּת Genesis 25:32 +; suffix מוּתִי 2 Samuel 19:1; מֻתָן 2 Samuel 20:3, etc.; Participle מֵת Genesis 20:3 +; suffix מֵתִי Genesis 23:4 +; feminine singular מֵתָה Genesis 30:1; Zechariah 11:9; plural מֵתִים Exodus 12:33 +; construct מֵתֵי Isaiah 22:2 +; suffix מֵתֶיךָ Isaiah 26:19; —
1 die, of natural or other causes:
a. (1) of Prayer of Manasseh , וַיִּגְוִע וַיָּמָת and he expired and died Genesis 25:8 ( + בְּשֵׂיבֶה טוֺבָה, see below), Genesis 25:17; Genesis 35:29 (P); וַיָּמָת וַיִּקָּבֵר Judges 10:2,5; Judges 8:32; Judges 12:7,10,12,15; 2 Samuel 17:23; וימלך תַּחְתָּיו וימת and he died and — reigned in his stead Genesis 36:33,34,35,36,37,38,39 (P), 2 Samuel 10:1 = 1 Chronicles 19:1; 2 Kings 1:17; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Kings 13:24; 1 Chronicles 1:44,45,46,47,48,49,50; וימת בְּשֵׂיבָה טוֺבָה and he died in a good old age 1 Chronicles 29:28 (+ Genesis 25:8, see above); as the result of smiting הכה Exodus 21:18,20,22 (E); + במלחמה Deuteronomy 20:5,6,7; 2 Samuel 19:11; בַּחֶרֶב Jeremiah 11:22; ברעב Jeremiah 11:22; מפני הדעב Jeremiah 38:9; בְּדֶבֶר Jeremiah 21:6; באבן Numbers 35:17,23 (P); בַּמַּגֵּפָה Numbers 14:37; Numbers 17:14; Numbers 25:9 (P). (2) figurative of Wisdom of Solomon , תָּמוּת חָכְמָה עִמָּכֶם Job 12:22; of courage, וַיָּמָת לִבּוֺ בְּקִרְבּוֺ and his heart died within him 1 Samuel 25:37. — 2 Samuel 2:31 strike out מֵ֑תוּ We Dr Kit Bu, compare ᵐ5.
b. of animals Leviticus 11:39; cattle Genesis 33:13 (J), fish Exodus 7:18 (E), frogs Exodus 8:9 (J), lion Ecclesiastes 9:4, worm Isaiah 66:24; כֶּלֶב מֵת, dead dog (in proverb) 1 Samuel 24:15; 2 Samuel 9:8; 2 Samuel 16:9.
c. a tree Job 14:8.
d.זִבְחֵי מֵתִים Psalm 106:28 sacrifices to the dead (idols).
2 die as a penalty = be put to death:
a. by human authority Genesis 42:20; Exodus 10:28; Exodus 21:14 (E), Genesis 44:9; Joshua 2:14 (J), Leviticus 20:20 (H), Numbers 35:12,30 (twice in verse) (P), especially D, Deuteronomy 17:2,6; Deuteronomy 18:20; Deuteronomy 19:12; Deuteronomy 22:22,25; Deuteronomy 24:7; Judges 6:30; 1 Samuel 14:43,45 (twice in verse); 1 Samuel 19:24; Jeremiah 38:24; מוֺת יָּמּוּת, die = be put to a violent death ( > AV RV surely die), 1 Samuel 14:39,44; 1 Samuel 22:16; 1 Kings 2:37,42 (all Judaic), Jeremiah 26:8, all of capital punishment; 2 Kings 8:10 (Ehpraimitic source) cf assassination; מוֺת יוּמַת be put to a violent death, in the codes of Exodus 21:12,15,16,17; Exodus 22:18 (E), Leviticus 20:2,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,27; Leviticus 24:16,17 (H), Exodus 31:14,15; Numbers 15:35; Numbers 35:16,17,18,21,31; Leviticus 27:29 (P; never in D; D uses verb, either Qal or Hiph`il, without infinitive absolute); it is used in narratives Genesis 26:11 (J), Exodus 19:12 (E), Judges 21:5. ׳מ is preceded by רגם Numbers 15:36 (P), Deuteronomy 21:21; 1 Kings 12:18 2 Chronicles 10:18; 1 Kings 21:13; סקל Deuteronomy 13:11; Deuteronomy 17:5; Deuteronomy 22:21,24; 1 Kings 21:10,13,14,15; פגע 1 Kings 2:25,46; רמס 2 Kings 7:17,20; בְּיַד גֹּאֵל Joshua 20:9 (P).
b. inflicted by God, Genesis 20:3; Genesis 20:19; Joshua 10:11 (E), Genesis 3:3; Genesis 38:11; Exodus 11:5; Exodus 12:36 (J), Exodus 28:35; Exodus 30:20 (twice in verse); Leviticus 8:35; Leviticus 10:2,6,7,9; Leviticus 16:1,2,13; Numbers 3:4; Numbers 4:19,20; Numbers 14:35; Numbers 17:14; Numbers 17:28; Numbers 17:35; Numbers 18:3; Numbers 18:32; Numbers 26:11; Numbers 26:61 (P), Deuteronomy 5:22 (twice in verse); Deuteronomy 18:16; Judges 6:23; 1 Samuel 5:12; 1 Samuel 12:19; 1 Samuel 25:17,38,39; 2 Samuel 6:7; 2 Samuel 12:13; 1 Kings 19:4; 2 Kings 14:6 2 Chronicles 25:4; 1 Chronicles 24:2; 2 Chronicles 13:20; 2 Kings 19:35 = Isaiah 37:36; Ezekiel 3:20; Ezekiel 18:4,20,21,28; Ezekiel 33:15; מוֺת יָמוּת Genesis 2:17; Genesis 3:4 (J), Genesis 20:7 (E), Judges 13:21,22; 2 Samuel 12:14; 2 Samuel 14:14; 2 Kings 1:4,6,16 (all Judaic), Numbers 26:65 (P), Ezekiel 3:18; Ezekiel 33:8,14; מוֺת יוּמַת Ezekiel 18:13, ביד יהוה Exodus 16:3 (P); בחטא Leviticus 22:9 (H), Numbers 27:3 (P), 2 Kings 14:6 2 Chronicles 25:4; לשׂאת חטא למות Numbers 18:22 (P); בחטאת Ezekiel 3:20; Ezekiel 18:24; בטמאה Leviticus 15:21 (P); ביון Jeremiah 31:30; Ezekiel 3:18,19; Ezekiel 18:17,18; Ezekiel 33:8,9; לא ישׂאו עון זמתו Exodus 28:43; Numbers 4:15 (P); בעול Ezekiel 18:26; Ezekiel 33:13,18; על עול Ezekiel 18:26; במעל 1 Chronicles 10:13.
c. die, perish, of a nation by divine judgment, Moab Amos 2:2, Ephraim Hosea 13:1; בית ישׂראל Ezekiel 18:31; Ezekiel 33:1.
d. die prematurely, by neglect of wise moral conduct Proverbs 5:23; Proverbs 10:21; Proverbs 15:10; Proverbs 19:16; Proverbs 23:13; EC Proverbs 7:17. —
Note. On (לַבֵּן) עַלמֿוּת Psalm 9:1; Psalm 48:15 see עַלְמָה below II. עלם.
Po`lel. Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix מוֺתְתַנִי Jeremiah 20:17; 1 singular מֹתַתִּי 2 Samuel 1:16; Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יְמֹתְתֵהוּ 1 Samuel 17:51; 3 feminine singular תְּמוֺתֵת Psalm 34:22; 1 singular suffix אֲמֹתְתֵהוּ 2 Samuel 1:10; Imperative suffix מוֺתְתֵנִי Judges 9:54; מֹתְתֵנִי 2 Samuel 1:9; infinitive מוֺתֵת Psalm 109:16; Participle מְמוֺתֵת 1 Samuel 14:13; — kill, put to death, despetch (intensive), absolute 1 Samuel 14:13, elsewhere with accusative Judges 9:54; 1 Samuel 17:51; 2 Samuel 1:9,10,16; Jeremiah 20:17; Psalm 34:22; Psalm 109:16.
Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הֵמִית Judges 16:30 +; suffix וֶהֱמִתָ֑נִי 2 Samuel 14:32; הֱמִיתָם Jeremiah 41:8; 3 feminine singular sf . הֱמִיתָ֑תְהוּ 2 Chronicles 22:11; 2 masculine singular הֵמַתָּה Numbers 14:15; 1 singular suffix הֲמִיתִּיו (read הֲמִתִּיו) 1 Samuel 17:35; 3 masculine plural הֵמִיתוּ 1 Samuel 30:2 +, etc.; Imperfect יָמִית Numbers 35:19 +; וַיָּ֫מֶת Genesis 38:10 +; suffix יְמִיתֵהוּ 1 Kings 13:24 +; יְמִתֶנּוּ Numbers 35:19 +; Imperative suffix הֲמִיתֵנִי 1 Samuel 20:8; plural הָמִיתוּ 1 Samuel 22:17; Infinitive absolute הָמֵת 2 Kings 11:15 +; construct הָמִית Leviticus 20:4 +; Participle מֵמִית 1 Samuel 2:6; pl, מְמִיתִים 2 Kings 17:26; Job 33:22; מְמִתִים Jeremiah 26:15; — kill, put to death
1 absolute Job 9:23, elsewhere with accusative, subject Prayer of Manasseh ,
a. of killing men in personal combat, or in war, often preceded by הכּה smite Joshua 10:26; Joshua 11:17; Joshua 17:50 +; of destroying a city 2 Samuel 20:19 ("" השׁחית 2 Samuel 20:20).
b. by authority, especially in capital punishment Exodus 1:16 (E), Leviticus 20:4 (H), Numbers 35:19 (twice in verse); Numbers 35:21 (P), Deuteronomy 9:10; Deuteronomy 17:7; Judges 20:13; 1 Samuel 11:12; 1 Samuel 28:9; 2 Samuel 14:7,32; 2 Samuel 21:4; 1 Kings 2:26,34; 1 Kings 11:40; 1 Kings 19:17 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 14:6 2 Chronicles 25:4; Isaiah 11:4; Jeremiah 26:15,21,24; Jeremiah 38:15,16,25; Esther 4:11; בַּחֶרֶב 1 Kings 1:51; 1 Kings 2:8; 2 Kings 11:20 2 Chronicles 23:21; הָמֵת יָמִית Judges 15:13; 1 Kings 3:26,27; Jeremiah 26:19; Jeremiah 38:15.
2 subject God, by inflicting penalty, absolute Deuteronomy 32:39; 1 Samuel 2:6; 2 Kings 5:7, elsewhere with accusative Genesis 18:25; Genesis 38:7,10; Exodus 4:24; Numbers 14:15 (J), Deuteronomy 9:28; Judges 13:23; 1 Samuel 2:25; 1 Samuel 5:10,11; 1 Chronicles 2:3; 1 Chronicles 10:14; Isaiah 65:15; Hosea 9:16; ברעב Isaiah 14:30; בצמא Hosea 2:5; of killing fish Psalm 105:29; מְמִיתִים Job 33:22 executioners, angels of death.
3 of animals killing men, e.g. ox Exodus 21:29 (E), lion 1 Kings 13:24,26; 2 Kings 17:26.
4 bring to a premature death Proverbs 19:18; Proverbs 21:25.
Hoph`al Perfect הוּמָ֑ת 2 Kings 11:2 +; 3 masculine plural הֻמְתוּ 2 Samuel 21:9; Imperfect יוּמַת Leviticus 20:10 +; יוּמָ֑ת Genesis 26:11 +; Participle מוּמָת 1 Samuel 19:11, plural מוּמָתִים 2 Kings 11:2 (Qr), 2 Chronicles 22:11; — be killed, put to death:
1 by conspiracy 2 Kings 11:2 (twice in verse) = 2 Chronicles 22:11; 2 Kings 11:8,15,16; 2 Chronicles 23:7,14.
2 by capital punishment Exodus 21:29 (E), Exodus 35:2; Numbers 1:15; Numbers 3:10,38; Numbers 18:7 (P), Leviticus 19:20; Leviticus 24:16,21 (H), Deuteronomy 13:6; Deuteronomy 17:6 (twice in verse); Deuteronomy 21:22; Deuteronomy 24:16 (3t. in verse) = 2 Kings 14:6 (twice in verse), Joshua 1:18 (all D) Judges 6:31; 1 Samuel 11:13; 1 Samuel 19:6,11; 1 Samuel 20:32; 2 Samuel 19:22; 2 Samuel 19:23; 2 Samuel 21:9; 1 Kings 2:24; 2 Chronicles 15:13; Jeremiah 38:4, and the phrase מוֺת יוּמת (see Qal 2 a).
3 by divine infliction, in the phrase מות יוּמת (see Qal 2 b).
4 die prematurely Proverbs 19:16.
מוֺת noun [masculine] death (ᵑ7 Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew); — absolute Ezra 7:26.
מָזוֺן see זון.
מוּת pret. מֵת (compare Syr. ܡܝܺܬ), מַתִּי.
(1) to die (so in all the Phœnicio-Shemitic languages. The middle radical וּ appears to be softened from the liquid r, compare דָּרַשׁ, דּוּשׁ, etc., so that the original stock would be mrt, compare Sansc. mri, to die, mrita, dead, death; also mâth, muth, mith, mêth, mid, mêd, to kill; Malay, mita, to kill and to die; Zend. mreté, mereté; Pehlev. murdé;h, mard, mortal, man; Pers. مردن to die; Gr. μορτός, i.q. βροτός; Lat. mors, mortis, Morta, ap. Liv. Andr.; Germ. Mord; Old Germ. used not only for killing, but also for death). It is used of death, whether of men or beasts (Exodus 11:5; Ecclesiastes 9:4), whether natural (Genesis 5:8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 27, 31, and so very frequently) or violent, Exodus 21:12, 15 Exodus 21:15; Deuteronomy 13:10, 19:11, 12 Deuteronomy 19:12, 21:21 Job 1:19, etc. The cause of death is put with the prefix בְּ, Joshua 10:11, “more died בְּאַבְנֵי הַכָּרָד by the hail-stones than,” etc.; Judges 15:18, אָמוּת בַּצָּמָא “I die of thirst,” Ezekiel 5:12 and with מִפְּנֵי Jeremiah 38:9. Figuratively, the heart of any one is said to die, i.e. to fail, 1 Samuel 25:37 the trunk of a tree, Job 14:8 (compare הָרַג); land which lies untilled, Genesis 47:19, “why should we die, we and our land,” which latter is then explained הָאֲדָמָה תֵשַׁם (compare Arab. مات to be untilled, sterile, desert, as land, Koran, ii. 159; xxv. 51; xxix. 63). Used ironically, Job 12:2, עִמָּכֶם תָּמוּת חָכְמָה “wisdom dies (i.e. is extinguished, perishes) with you.”
(2) to perish, to be destroyed, of a state, Amos 2:2; Hosea 13:1, see מָוֶת.-Part. מֵת dying, about to die, Genesis 20:3 dead, Numbers 19:11, 13:16 without distinction of sex (as in Germ. ein Todter, ein Kranker, compare Hebr. Gram. § 105, 1 note), Genesis 23:4. Pl. מֵתִים of idols, opp. of the living God (אֵל חַי), Psalms 106:28.
Pilel מוֹתֵת to slay, to kill, Psalms 34:22; Jeremiah 20:17 often emphat. to destroy thoroughly, kill out-right, 1 Samuel 14:13; Judges 9:54; 2 Samuel 1:16.
Hiphil הֵמִית, 2 pers. הֵמַתָּ, 1 pers. with suff. הֲמִיתִּיו 1 Samuel 17:35, הֲמִתִּיהָ Hosea 2:3, id.; Judges 16:30; 2 Samuel 3:30, 21:1 often used of death sent by God himself, by diseases, famine, etc. (Isaiah 65:15; Hosea 2:5; Exodus 16:3, 17:3 Numbers 14:15, 16:13 ), sometimes opp. to the verb הָרַג, which is always used of violent death by the hand of man, comp. Isaiah 14:30 whence part. מְמִתִים killers, prob. angels of death, Job 33:22.
Hophal הוּמַת to be slain, Deuteronomy 21:22; 1 Samuel 19:11.
Derivatives, מָמֹת, תְּמוּתָה, and