Bible Lexicons

עָנָה

(1) prop. to sing, i.q. Arab. غنى Conj. II. IV. (this signification, although unfrequent, seems, however, to be primary, see Piel; compare Lat. cano, Pers. خواذدن to sing, to call, to read; Sansc. gai), Exodus 15:21 followed by לְ to praise with song, 1 Samuel 21:12, 29:5 Psalms 147:7 hence to cry out (compare Lat. actor canit, cantat, i.q. declamat, fchreit laut), used of the shout of soldiers in battle, Exodus 32:18; Jeremiah 51:14 of jackals in the deserts, Isaiah 13:22 (compare cantus galli, gallicinium). It is applied to any one who pronounces any thing solemnly and with a loud voice (compare Lat. cantare, cantor, used of any one who often says, inculcates, or affirms any thing, Ter. Plaut.; Cic. Orat. i. 55); hence

(a) used of God uttering an oracle, 1 Samuel 9:17, וַיהֹוָה עָנָהוּ “Jehovah declared to him” (Samuel); Genesis 41:16, “God announces welfare to Pharaoh;” compare Deuteronomy 20:11. Used in a forensic sense

(b) of a judge giving sentence, Exodus 23:2 and

(c) of a witness giving evidence, solemnly affirming any thing; hence to testify, with an acc. of the thing, Deuteronomy 19:16 followed by בְּ of him for whom (Genesis 30:33; 1 Samuel 12:3) or against whom (Numbers 35:30; Deuteronomy 19:18; 2 Samuel 1:16) testimony is given. More fully עָנָה עֵד בְּ Exodus 20:16. Hence

(2) to lift up the voice, to begin to speak (Syr. ܥܢܐܳ); especially in the later [?] Hebrew, Job 3:2, אִיֹּוב וַיֹּאמֶד וַיַּעַן “and Job began to speak, and said;” Song of Solomon 2:10; Isaiah 14:10; Zechariah 1:10, 3:4 4:11, 12 Zechariah 4:12. Followed by an acc. of pers. to speak to any one, Zechariah 1:11. Far more frequently

(3) to answer, to reply. Constr.

(a) with an acc. of pers. Job 1:7; Genesis 23:14; Song of Solomon 5:6, like the Gr. ἀμείβομαι τινά

(b) with an acc. of the thing which, or to which one answers, Proverbs 18:23; Job 40:2. In like manner, Job 33:13, כָּל־דְּבָרָיו לֹא יַעֲנֶה “he does not answer as to any of his things,” i.e. he renders no account. And so

(c) with two acc. of pers. and thing, 1 Samuel 20:10; Micah 6:5; Jeremiah 23:37; Job 9:3. To answer to any one is used

(aa) in a bad sense, of those who contradict a master when commanding or blaming, who excuse themselves and contend with him (fich verantworten), Job 9:14, 15 Job 9:15, 32 Job 9:32, 16:3 (compare Arab. جواب reply, also excuse); or who refute some one, Job 32:12.

(bb) in a good sense, of those who answer the prayers of any one, who hear and answer a petitioner; and thus it is often used of God hearing and answering men, 1 Samuel 14:39; Psalms 3:5, 4:2. There is a pregnant construction, Psalms 22:22, מִקַּרְנֵי רֵמִים עֲנִיתָנִי “answer (and deliver) me from the horns of the Remim;” hence

(cc) with an acc. of pers. and בְּ of the thing, to answer any one in any thing, i.e. to be bountiful to him, to bestow the thing, Psalms 65:6 and with an acc. of the thing, Ecclesiastes 10:19, הַכֶּסֶף יַעֲנֶה אֶת־הַכֹּל “money answers with all things” (imparts all), geührt alles, compare Hosea 2:23, 24.

(4) to signify, to imply any thing by one’s words (etwas fagen wollen, beabfichtigen), i.q. Arab. عنى. Hence מַעֲנֶה, מַעַן, יַעַן something proposed, a counsel, purpose, then used as a prep.

In the former [German] editions of this book, I sought with many etymologists to refer the various significations of this root to that of answering, as has since been done by Winer (p. 732, 733); deriving the notion of singing from that of answering and singing alternately; in such matters every one must follow his own judgment. I have adopted this new arrangement especially for this reason, that the primary signification is commonly more forcible and important, and therefore it is often retained in Piel (Lehrg. p. 242), and in Arabic it is expressed by a harder letter (غنى to sing).

Niphal

(1) to be answered, i.e. to be refuted, Job 11:2 to be heard and answered, Job 19:7; Proverbs 21:13.

(2) i.q. Kal to answer, followed by לְ Ezekiel 14:4, Ezekiel 14:7.

Piel, i.q. Kal No. 1, to sing, Exodus 32:18 (where Piel in the signification of singing is distinguished from Kal). Psalms 88:1; Isaiah 27:2.

Hiphil, to answer, i.q. Kal No. 3, bb, followed by an acc. and בְּ of the thing; to hear and answer any one in any thing, to bestow the thing upon him, Ecclesiastes 5:19.

Derived nouns, see Kal No. 4.

II. עָנָה (for עָנַו, a verb לו֞, compare the derivatives, עָנָו, עֲנָוָה)

(1)  to bestow labour upon any thing, to exercise oneself in any thing, followed by בְּ Ecclesiastes 1:13, 3:10. (Syr. ܥܢܐܳ ܒ, Arab. عنى followed by ب id.), specially, as it appears, to till the ground, to bring the earth into cultivation, whence מַעֲנָה, מַעֲנִית, a furrow.

(2) to be afflicted, depressed, oppressed, Psalms 116:10, 119:67 Zechariah 10:2. Isaiah 31:4, וּמֵהֲמֹונָם לֹא יַעֲנֵה “and (who) will not be depressed at their multitude,” he will not lose his courage. Isaiah 25:5, וְמִיר עָרִיצִים יַעֲנֶה “the song of the tyrants shall be brought low.” (Arab. عنا to be depressed, low).

Niphal

(1) to be afflicted, Psalms 119:107. Isaiah 53:7, וְהוּא נַעֲנֶה “and he was afflicted.”

(2) reflect. to submit oneself to any one, followed by מִפְּנֵי Exodus 10:3 (where for לְהֵעָנֹות there is לֵעָנֹות).

Piel

(1) to oppress, to depress, to afflict, Genesis 16:6, 15:13 31:50 Exodus 22:21. Psalms 102:24, עִנָּה בַדֶּרֶךְ כֹּחִי “(Jehovah) depressed (consumed) my strength in the way.” Psalms 88:8, כָּל־מִשְׁבָּרֶיךָ עִנִּיתָ “thou hast oppressed (i.e. inundated) (me) with all thy waves.”

(2) עִנָּה אִשָּׁה compressit feminam, generally by force, Genesis 34:2; Deuteronomy 22:24, 29 Deuteronomy 22:29; Judges 19:24, 20:5.

(3) עִנָּה נֶפֶשׁ to afflict the soul, i.e. to fast, Leviticus 16:31, 23:27, 32 Leviticus 23:32; Numbers 29:7.

Pual, to be oppressed, or afflicted, Psalms 119:71; Isaiah 53:4. Inf. עֻנֹּתֹו his oppression or sorrow, Psalms 132:1.

Hiphil, i.q. Pi. No. 1, 1 Kings 8:35; 2 Chronicles 6:26. But Ecclesiastes 5:19 belongs to עָנָה No. I; which see.

Hithpael.

(1) to submit oneself, Genesis 16:9 especially to God, Daniel 10:12.

(2) i.q. Kal, to be afflicted, 1 Kings 2:26.

Derived nouns, עָנָו, עֲנָוָה, עַנְוָה, עֱנוּת, עָנִי, עֳנִי, עִנְיָן, מַעֲנָה, מַעֲנִית, and the pr.n. עֲנָה, עֻנִּי, עֲנָיָה, עֲנָת, עֲנָתֹות, עַנְתֹתִיָּה.

I. עֲנָה, עֲנָא Chald.

(1)  to begin to speak; like the Hebr. No. 2, Daniel 2:20, 3:9, 19, 24, 26, 28 4:16, 27 followed by לְ of pers. 2:47.

(2) to answer, Daniel 2:7, 10 3:14, 16 5:7 6:14.

II. עֲנָה Chald. to be afflicted. Part. עֲנֵה; plur. עֲנַיִן the afflicted, Daniel 4:24.

אֵעָנֶ֑ה אֶ֭עֶנְךָ אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ה אֶֽעֱנֶ֑ךָּ אֶֽעֱנֶ֑נּוּ אֶֽעֱנֶה֙ אֶעֱנֵ֔ם אֶעֱנֶ֑ה אֶעֱנֶ֑ךָּ אֶעֱנֶ֖ה אֶעֱנֶ֣ה אַעֲנֶ֣ה אענה אענך אענם אעננו הָעֹנִ֥ים הָעֹנֶ֤ה הענה הענים וְ֠עָנְתָה וְֽאֶעֱנֵ֗הוּ וְאֶֽעֱנֶ֣ה וְאֶֽעֱנֶֽה׃ וְאֶעֱנֵֽם׃ וְאֶעֱנֶ֑ךָּ וְעָ֤נְתָה וְעָֽנְתָה֙ וְעָֽנְתָה־ וְעָנ֖וּ וְעָנ֣וּ וְעָנ֥וּ וְעָנ֧וּ וְעָנִ֨יתָ וְעָנָ֑נִי וְעָנָ֤ה וְעָנָ֥ה וְעֹנֶ֔ה וַ֠יַּעַן וַ֭יַּעַן וַֽ֠יַּעֲנוּ וַֽיַּעֲנ֔וּ וַֽיַּעֲנ֞וּ וַֽיַּעֲנֵ֑הוּ וַֽיַּעֲנֵ֑נִי וַֽיַּעֲנֵ֖הוּ וַֽיַּעֲנֵֽנִי׃ וַֽיַּעֲנוּ֙ וַֽתַּעֲנ֖וּ וַֽתַּעֲנ֣וּ ׀ וַֽתַּעֲנֵ֑נִי וַֽתַּעֲנֵ֗נִי וַֽתַּעֲנֶ֛ינָה וַיַּ֖עַן וַיַּ֗עַן וַיַּ֙עַן֙ וַיַּ֛עַן וַיַּ֜עַן וַיַּ֡עַן וַיַּ֣עַן וַיַּ֤עַן וַיַּ֤עַן ׀ וַיַּ֥עַן וַיַּ֧עַן וַיַּ֨עַן וַיַּֽעְנ֧וּ וַיַּֽעֲנ֧וּ וַיַּֽעֲנ֨וּ וַיַּֽעֲנֵ֤הוּ וַיַּֽעֲנֵ֨נִי וַיַּֽעַן־ וַיַּעֲנ֣וּ וַיַּעֲנ֤וּ וַיַּעֲנ֧וּ וַיַּעֲנ֨וּ וַיַּעֲנֵ֤נִי וַיַּעֲנֵ֥ם וַיַּעֲנֶ֣ה וַיַּעֲנוּ֩ וַיַּעַן֩ וַעֲנִיתָ֕ם וַעֲנֵ֑נִי וַעֲנֵֽנִי׃ וַתַּ֣עַן וַתַּ֤עַן וַתַּ֥עַן וַתַּ֨עַן וַתַּעֲנֶ֧ינָה וָאַ֖עַן וָאַ֙עַן֙ וָאַ֣עַן וָאַ֥עַן ואען ואענה ואענה׃ ואענהו ואענך ואענם׃ ויען ויען־ ויענה ויענהו ויענו ויענם ויענני ויענני׃ וענה וענו וענית ועניתם וענני וענני׃ וענתה וענתה־ ותען ותענו ותענינה ותענני יֵעָנֶ֑ה יֵעָנֶֽה׃ יַ֝עֲנֶ֗נּוּ יַ֭עֲנֵהוּ יַּעֲנֶ֖ה יַּעַנְךָ֥ יַֽעֲנ֔וּ יַֽעֲנֶ֔ה יַֽעַנְךָ֣ יַעֲנ֤וּ יַעֲנ֥וּ יַעֲנֵ֑נִי יַעֲנֵ֥נוּ יַעֲנֵֽם׃ יַעֲנֵֽנִי׃ יַעֲנֶ֑ה יַעֲנֶ֔ה יַעֲנֶ֖ה יַעֲנֶ֥ה יַעֲנֶ֥נּוּ יַעֲנֶ֧ה יַעֲנֶ֨ה יַעֲנֶֽה׃ יַעֲנֶֽנָּה׃ יַעֲנֽוּכָה׃ יַעֲנוּ־ יענה יענה׃ יענהו יענו יענו־ יענוכה׃ יענך יענם׃ יעננה׃ יעננו יענני יענני׃ לַעֲנ֑וֹת לַעֲנ֣וֹת לַעֲנ֥וֹת לענות מֵעֲנ֣וֹת מענות נַֽעֲנֶה־ נַעֲנֵ֧יתִי נענה־ נעניתי עֱנ֣וּ עֱנוּ־ עֲ֝נֵ֗נִי עֲ֭נֵנִי עֲנ֣וֹת עֲנ֣וּ עֲנִ֫יתָ֥ם עֲנִיתִ֔יךָ עֲנִיתֶ֔ם עֲנִיתֶֽם׃ עֲנִיתָ֑נִי עֲנִיתָֽנִי׃ עֲנֵ֑נִי עֲנֵ֔נִי עֲנֵ֔נוּ עֲנֵ֣ה עֲנֵ֣נִי עֲנֵ֤נִי עֲנֵ֤נִי ׀ עֲנֵ֥ה עֲנֵ֥נִי עֲנֵ֨נִי ׀ עֲנֵֽנִי׃ עַנּ֔וֹת עַנּוּ־ עָ֣נְתָה עָ֣נָה עָ֣נוּ עָ֥נוּ עָנ֖וּ עָנ֥וּ עָנְתָ֖ה עָנִ֣יתִי עָנָ֔הוּ עָנָ֖הוּ עָנָ֖נִי עָנָ֣ה עָנָ֣הוּ עָנָ֣ךְ עָנָ֣נִי עָנָ֤ה עָנָ֥ה עָנָֽךְ׃ עָנָֽם׃ עָנָֽנִי׃ עָנֽוּ׃ עֹנֵ֖הוּ עֹנֶ֑ה עֹנֶ֖ה עֹנֶ֥ה עוֹנֶ֑ךָּ עוֹנֶ֔ה עוֹנֶ֖ה עוֹנֶה֒ עונה עונך ענה ענהו ענו ענו־ ענו׃ ענות עניתי עניתיך עניתם עניתם׃ עניתני עניתני׃ ענך ענך׃ ענם׃ עננו ענני ענני׃ ענתה תַ֝עֲנֶ֗ה תַּ֣עַן תַּ֭עֲנֵנוּ תַּֽעַנְךָ֔ תַּעֲנֶ֑ינָּה תַּעֲנֶ֔ה תַעֲנֵ֑נִי תַעֲנֵ֣נִי תַעֲנֵֽנִי׃ תַעֲנֶ֑ה תַעֲנֶ֖ה תַעֲנֶ֣ה תַעֲנֶ֥ה תַעֲנֶֽה׃ תַעֲנֶנּ֑וּ תַעֲנֻֽהוּ׃ תען תענה תענה׃ תענהו׃ תענינה תענך תעננו תענני תענני׃ ‘ā·nā·hū ‘ā·nā·nî ‘ā·nāh ‘ā·nāḵ ‘ā·nām ‘ă·nê·nî ‘ă·nê·nū ‘ā·nə·ṯāh ‘ă·nêh ‘ă·nî·ṯā·nî ‘ă·nî·ṯām ‘ă·nî·ṯem ‘ā·nî·ṯî ‘ă·nî·ṯî·ḵā ‘ă·nō·wṯ ‘ă·nū ‘ā·nū ‘an·nō·wṯ ‘an·nū- ‘ānāh ‘ānāhū ‘ānāḵ ‘ānām ‘ānānî ‘ănêh ‘ănênî ‘ănênū ‘ānəṯāh ‘ănîṯām ‘ănîṯānî ‘ănîṯem ‘ānîṯî ‘ănîṯîḵā ‘annōwṯ ‘annū- ‘ănōwṯ ‘ănū ‘ānū ‘ĕ·nū ‘ĕ·nū- ‘ĕnū ‘ĕnū- ‘ō·nê·hū ‘ō·neh ‘ō·w·ne·kā ‘ō·w·neh ‘ōneh ‘ōnêhū ‘ōwneh ‘ōwnekā ’a‘ăneh ’a·‘ă·neh ’ê‘āneh ’e‘ĕneh ’e‘ĕnekā ’e‘ĕnêm ’e‘ĕnennū ’e‘enḵā ’ê·‘ā·neh ’e·‘ĕ·ne·kā ’e·‘ĕ·neh ’e·‘ĕ·nêm ’e·‘ĕ·nen·nū ’e·‘en·ḵā aaNeh aNach aNah aNahu aNam aNani aNeh aNeni aNenu aneTah aNiTam aniTani aniTem aNiti aniTicha anNot annu aNot aNu eaNeh Eencha eeNeh eeNeka eeNem eeNennu enu hā‘ōneh hā‘ōnîm hā·‘ō·neh hā·‘ō·nîm haoNeh haoNim la‘ănōwṯ la·‘ă·nō·wṯ laaNot mê‘ănōwṯ mê·‘ă·nō·wṯ meaNot na‘ăneh- na‘ănêṯî na·‘ă·nê·ṯî na·‘ă·neh- naaneh naaNeiti oNeh oNehu oNeka ta‘an ta‘ăneh ṯa‘ăneh ṯa‘ănênî ta‘ănennāh ṯa‘ănennū ta‘ănênū ta‘anḵā ṯa‘ănuhū ṯa·‘ă·nê·nî ta·‘ă·nê·nū ta·‘ă·neh ṯa·‘ă·neh ta·‘ă·nen·nāh ṯa·‘ă·nen·nū ṯa·‘ă·nu·hū ta·‘an ta·‘an·ḵā Taan taanCha taaNeh taaNeinnah taaNeni taanenNu Taanenu taaNuhu vaAan vaaNeni vaaniTam vaiYaan vaiyaaNeh vaiyaaNehu vaiyaaNem vaiyaaNeni vaiyaaNu vaiyaNu vatTaan vattaaNeinah vattaaNeni vattaaNu veaNah veaNani veanetah veaNita veaNu veEeNeh veeeNehu veeeNeka veeeNem veoNeh wa‘ănênî wa‘ănîṯām wā’a‘an wa·‘ă·nê·nî wa·‘ă·nî·ṯām wā·’a·‘an wat·ta·‘ă·ne·nāh wat·ta·‘ă·nê·nî wat·ta·‘ă·nū wat·ta·‘an watta‘an watta‘ănenāh watta‘ănênî watta‘ănū way·ya‘·nū way·ya·‘ă·nê·hū way·ya·‘ă·nê·nî way·ya·‘ă·neh way·ya·‘ă·nêm way·ya·‘ă·nū way·ya·‘an way·ya·‘an- wayya‘an wayya‘an- wayya‘ăneh wayya‘ănêhū wayya‘ănêm wayya‘ănênî wayya‘ănū wayya‘nū wə‘ānāh wə‘ānānî wə‘ānəṯāh wə‘ānəṯāh- wə‘ānîṯā wə‘ānū wə‘ōneh wə’e‘ĕneh wə’e‘ĕnêhū wə’e‘ĕnekā wə’e‘ĕnêm wə·‘ā·nā·nî wə·‘ā·nāh wə·‘ā·nə·ṯāh wə·‘ā·nə·ṯāh- wə·‘ā·nî·ṯā wə·‘ā·nū wə·‘ō·neh wə·’e·‘ĕ·nê·hū wə·’e·‘ĕ·ne·kā wə·’e·‘ĕ·neh wə·’e·‘ĕ·nêm ya‘ăneh ya‘ănêhū ya‘ănêm ya‘ănênî ya‘ănennāh ya‘ănennū ya‘ănênū ya‘anḵā ya‘ănū ya‘ănū- ya‘ănūḵāh ya·‘ă·nê·hū ya·‘ă·nê·nî ya·‘ă·nê·nū ya·‘ă·neh ya·‘ă·nêm ya·‘ă·nen·nāh ya·‘ă·nen·nū ya·‘ă·nū ya·‘ă·nū- ya·‘ă·nū·ḵāh ya·‘an·ḵā yaanCha yaaNeh Yaanehu yaaNem yaaNeni yaaNennah yaaNennu yaaNenu yaaNu yaaNuchah yê‘āneh yê·‘ā·neh yeaNeh