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Bible Lexicons

Old & New Testament Greek Lexical DictionaryGreek Lexicon

Strong's #1096 - γίνομαι

Transliteration
gínomai
Phonetics
ghin'-om-ahee
Origin
a prolongation and middle voice form of a primary verb
Parts of Speech
Verb
TDNT
1:681,117
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γηράσκω
 
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γινώσκω
Definition   
Thayer's
  1. to become, i.e. to come into existence, begin to be, receive being
  2. to become, i.e. to come to pass, happen
    1. of events
  3. to arise, appear in history, come upon the stage
    1. of men appearing in public
  4. to be made, finished
    1. of miracles, to be performed, wrought
  5. to become, be made
Hebrew Equivalent Words:
Strong #: 383 ‑ אִיתַי (ee‑thah'ee);  543 ‑ אָמֵן (aw‑mane');  935 ‑ בּוֹא (bo);  1069 ‑ בָּכַר (baw‑kar');  1254 ‑ בָּרָא (baw‑raw');  1934 ‑ הָוָא (hav‑aw', hav‑aw');  1961 ‑ הָיָה (haw‑yaw');  2009 ‑ הִנֵּה (hin‑nay');  2372 ‑ חָזָה (khaw‑zaw);  2421 ‑ חָיָה (khaw‑yaw');  2485 ‑ חָלִיל (khaw‑leel');  2734 ‑ חָרָה (khaw‑raw');  3201 ‑ יָכוֹל (yaw‑kole', yaw‑kole');  3205 ‑ יָלַד (yaw‑lad');  3212 ‑ יָלַךְ (yaw‑lak');  3254 ‑ יָסַף (yaw‑saf');  3318 ‑ יָצָא (yaw‑tsaw');  3335 ‑ יָצַר (yaw‑tsar');  3559 ‑ כּוּן (koon);  3947 ‑ לָקַח (law‑kakh');  4058 ‑ מָדַד (maw‑dad');  4672 ‑ מָצָא (maw‑tsaw');  5060 ‑ נָגַע (naw‑gah');  5075 ‑ נְדַד (ned‑ad');  5307 ‑ נָפַל (naw‑fal');  5414 ‑ נָתַן (naw‑than');  5647 ‑ עָבַד (aw‑bad');  5674 ‑ עָבַר (aw‑bar');  5927 ‑ עָלָה (aw‑law');  5953 ‑ עָלַל (aw‑lal');  5975 ‑ עָמַד (aw‑mad');  6213 ‑ עָשָׂה (aw‑saw');  6923 ‑ קָדַם (kaw‑dam');  6965 ‑ קוּם (koom);  7136 ‑ קָרָה (kaw‑raw');  7200 ‑ רָאָה (raw‑aw');  7257 ‑ רָבַץ (raw‑bats');  7760 ‑ שִׂים (soom, seem);  8085 ‑ שָׁמַע (shaw‑mah');  
Frequency Lists
Verse Results
KJV (704)
Matthew 75
Mark 57
Luke 141
John 55
Acts 130
Romans 37
1 Corinthians 48
2 Corinthians 12
Galatians 14
Ephesians 9
Philippians 7
Colossians 5
1 Thessalonians 12
2 Thessalonians 1
1 Timothy 4
2 Timothy 4
Titus 1
Philemon 1
Hebrews 29
James 10
1 Peter 7
2 Peter 5
1 John 1
3 John 1
Revelation 38
NAS (530)
Matthew 62
Mark 48
Luke 87
John 52
Acts 109
Romans 22
1 Corinthians 28
2 Corinthians 7
Galatians 9
Ephesians 4
Philippians 6
Colossians 4
1 Thessalonians 11
2 Thessalonians 1
1 Timothy 3
2 Timothy 3
Titus 1
Philemon 1
Hebrews 26
James 10
1 Peter 5
2 Peter 3
1 John 1
2 John 1
Revelation 26
HCS (581)
Matthew 68
Mark 49
Luke 101
John 48
Acts 97
Romans 35
1 Corinthians 38
2 Corinthians 11
Galatians 12
Ephesians 8
Philippians 5
Colossians 5
1 Thessalonians 11
2 Thessalonians 1
1 Timothy 4
2 Timothy 4
Titus 1
Philemon 1
Hebrews 23
James 10
1 Peter 6
2 Peter 4
1 John 1
2 John 1
3 John 1
Revelation 36
BSB (669)
Matthew 75
Mark 55
Luke 131
John 51
Acts 125
Romans 35
1 Corinthians 41
2 Corinthians 11
Galatians 12
Ephesians 8
Philippians 6
Colossians 5
1 Thessalonians 12
2 Thessalonians 1
1 Timothy 4
2 Timothy 4
Titus 1
Philemon 1
Hebrews 29
James 10
1 Peter 6
2 Peter 5
1 John 1
2 John 1
3 John 1
Jude 1
Revelation 37
ESV (531)
Matthew 56
Mark 44
Luke 83
John 47
Acts 97
Romans 28
1 Corinthians 37
2 Corinthians 12
Galatians 12
Ephesians 8
Philippians 5
Colossians 5
1 Thessalonians 12
2 Thessalonians 1
1 Timothy 4
2 Timothy 4
Titus 1
Hebrews 26
James 10
1 Peter 4
2 Peter 3
1 John 1
Revelation 31
WEB (704)
Matthew 73
Mark 56
Luke 140
John 54
Acts 131
Romans 39
1 Corinthians 48
2 Corinthians 12
Galatians 14
Ephesians 9
Philippians 7
Colossians 5
1 Thessalonians 12
2 Thessalonians 1
1 Timothy 4
2 Timothy 5
Titus 1
Philemon 1
Hebrews 31
James 10
1 Peter 6
2 Peter 5
1 John 1
3 John 1
Revelation 38
Liddell-Scott-Jones Definitions

γίνομαι, γινώσκω, v. γιγν-.

γίγνομαι, Ion. and after Arist. γίνομαι [],

I

1. (Att. Inscrr. have γιγν- in fifth and fourth cent., cf. IG 2.11.9, 1055.25, etc.); Thess. γίνυμαι IG 9(2).517.22; Boeot. γίνιουμαι ib.7.3303: fut. γενήσομαι: aor. ἐγενόμην (ἐγενάμην LXX Jeremiah 14:1, al. (προ-) Decr.Byz. ap. D. 18.90), Ion. 2 sg. γένευ Il. 5.897, 3 sg. γενέσκετο Od. 11.208, ἔγεντο Hes. Th. 705, Sapph. 16, Pi. P. 3.87, Parm. 8.20, IG 4.492 (Mycenae), prob.in Scol. 19; γέντο Hes. Th. 199, Emp. 98.5, Call. Jov. 1.50, Theoc. 14.27, etc. (g-το): pf. γέγονα Il. 19.122, etc.: 3 pl. γέγοναν Revelation 21:6 : plpf. ἐγεγόνει Lys. 31.17, etc.; Ion. ἐγεγόνεε Hdt. 2.2; forms (as if from pf. γέγᾰα), 2 pl. γεγάᾱτε Batr. 143; γεγάᾱσι Il. 4.325, freq. in Od.: 3 pl. γεγᾱκᾰσιν cj. in Emp. 23.10: 3 dual plpf. ἐκ-γεγάτην [ ] Od. 10.138; inf. γεγάμεν [ ] Pi. O. 9.110, (ἐκ) Il. 5.248, etc.; part. γεγᾰώς -ᾰυῖα, pl. -ᾰῶτες, -ᾰυῖαι Hom., etc., contr. γεγώς, -ῶσα S. Aj. 472, E. Med. 406; inf. γεγᾱκειν Pi. O. 6.49: Med. forms ἐκγεγάασθε Epigr. Hom. 16, ἐκ-γεγάονται (in fut. sense) h.Ven. 197 (s.v.l.): Pass. forms, fut. γενηθήσομαι (only in Pl. Prm. 141e, οὔτε γενήσεται, οὔτε γενηθήσεται, cf. Procl. in Prm. p.963 S.): aor. ἐγενήθην Epich. 209, Archyt. 1, Hp. Epid. 6.8.32, 7.3, later Att., Philem. 95.2 and 167, IG 2.630b10 (i B. C.) and Hellenistic Gk., Plb. 2.67.8, D.S. 13.51: pf. γεγένημαι Simon. 69, freq. in Att. Poets and Prose, in Att. inscr. first in cent. iv, IG 2.555: 3 pl. γεγενέανται Philet. ap. Eust. 1885.51: plpf. ἐγεγένητο Th. 7.18, al.; cf. γείνομαι: — come into a new state of being: hence, I abs., come into being opp. εἶναι, Emp. 17.11, Pl. Phd. 102e, cf. Ti. 29a; and So 2 of persons, to be born, νέον γεγαώς new born, Od. 19.400; ὑπὸ Τμώλῳ γεγαῶτας born (and so living) under Tmolus, Il. 2.866; ἢ πρόσθε θανεῖν ἢ ἔπειτα γ. Hes. Op. 175; γιγνομέναισι λάχη τάδ'.. ἐκράνθη at our birth, A. Eu. 347; γ. ἔκ τινος Il. 5.548, Hdt. 7.11; πατρὸς ἐκ ταὐτοῦ E. IA 406, cf. Isoc. 5.136; σέθεν.. ἐξ αἵματος A. Th. 142; less freq. ἀπό τινος Hdt. 8.22, etc.; ἐσθλῶν E. Hec. 380, etc.; γεγονέναι κακῶς, καλῶς, Ar. Eq. 218, Isoc. 7.37, etc.; κάλλιον, εὖ, Hdt. 1.146, 3.69; τὸ μὴ γενέσθαι not to have been born, A. Fr. 401: freq. with Numerals, ἔτεα τρία καὶ δέκα γεγονώς Hdt. 1.119; ἀμφὶ τὰ πέντε ἢ ἑκκαίδεκα ἔτη γενόμενος X. Cyr. 1.4.16; γεγονὼς ἔτη περὶ πεντήκοντα D. 21.154; οἱ ὑπὲρ τὰ στρατεύσιμα ἔτη γεγονότες those of an age beyond.., X. Cyr. 1.2.4: c. gen., γεγονὼς πλειόνων ἐτῶν ἢ πεντήκοντα Pl. Lg. 951c, etc.: rarely with ordinals, ὀγδοηκοστὸν ἔτος γεγονώς Luc. Macr. 22, cf. Plu. Phil. 18.

2. of things, to be produced, ὅσα φύλλα καὶ ἄνθεα γίγνεται ὥρῃ Od. 9.51; opp. ὄλλυσθαι, Parm. 8.13, 40; opp. ἀπόλλυσθαι, Anaxag. 17, cf. Pl. R. 527b, etc.; opp. ἀπολείπειν, Diog. Apoll.7; opp. ἀπολήγειν, Emp. 17.30; τὰ γιγνόμενα καὶ ἐξ ὧν γίγνεται Pl. Phlb. 27a; ἁπλῇ διηγήσει ἢ διὰ μιμήσεως γ. Id. R. 392d; ὁ ἐκ τῆς χώρας γιγνόμενος σῖτος X. Mem. 3.6.13; τὰ ἐν ἀγρῷ γιγνόμενα ib. 2.9.4; of profits, καρποὶ οἱ ἐξ ἀγελῶν γ. Id. Cyr. 1.1.2, etc.; τὰ ἆθλα ἀπὸ τεττάρων ταλάντων ἐγένοντο were the produce of, i.e. were worth, 4 talents, Id. HG 4.2.7; τὸ ἀπὸ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων γενόμενον ἀργύριον produced by [the ransom of].., Id. An. 5.3.4; of sums, ὁ γεγονὼς ἀριθμὸς τῶν ψήφων the total of the votes, Pl. Ap. 36a; ἕκατον εἴκοσι στατήρων γίγνονται τρισχίλιαι τριακόσιαι ἑξήκοντα [δραχμαί ] 120 staters amount to 3, 360 drachmae, D. 34.24; so in Math., of products, ὁ ἐξ αὐτῶν γενόμενος ἀριθμός Euc. 7.24; ἀριθμὸς γενόμενος ἑκατοντάκις multiplied by 100, Papp. 10.13; of times of day, ὡς ἡ ἡμέρα ἐγένετο Th. 7.81, etc.; ἕως ἂν φῶς γένηται Pl. Prt. 311a; ἅμα ἕῳ γιγνομένῃ Th. 4.32; of Time in general, elapse, διέτης χρόνος ἐγεγόνεε ταῦτα πρήσσουσι Hdt. 2.2; χρόνου γενομένου D.S. 20.109. falldue, οἱ γιγνόμενοι δασμοί X. An. 1.1.8; τοὺς τόκους τοὺς γ. Isoc. 17.37; τὸ τίμημα τὸ γ., τὸ γ. ἀργύριον, D. 24.82, Syngr. ap. eund. 35.11; τὸ γ. μέρος X. HG 7.4.33; τὸ γ. τοῖ πλήθι τᾶς ζαμίαυ IG 5(2).6 A 20 (Tegea, iv B. C.): c. dat., τὸ γ. τινὶ ἔλαιον UPZ 19.32 (ii B. C.); τοῖς γείτοσι τὸ γ. Thphr. Fr. 97; τὰ γ. dues, PHib. 1.92 and 111 (iii B. C.): hence γιγνόμενος regular, normal, τίμημα, χάρις, D. 38.25; ἐν ταῖς γ. ἡμέραις in the usual number of days, X. Cyr. 5.4.51; freq. in later Gk., as Luc. Tox. 18, etc.

3. of events, take place, come to pass, and in past tenses to be, καί σφιν ἄχος κατὰ θυμὸν ἐγίγνετο Il. 13.86, etc.; μάχη ἐγεγόνει Pl. Chrm. 153b, etc.; ἐκεχειρία γίγνεταί τισι πρὸς ἀλλήλους Th. 4.58; ἡ νόσος ἤρξατο γίγνεσθαι Id. 2.47; πνεῦμα εἰώθει γ. ib. 84; τὰ Ὀλύμπια γίγνεται, τραγῳδοὶ γίγνονται, are held, X. HG 7.4.28, Aeschin. 3.41, etc.; ψήφισμα γ. is passed, X. Cyr. 2.2.21; πιστὰ γ., ὅρκοι γ., pledges are given, oaths taken, ib. 7.4.3, D. 19.158; γίγνεταί τι ὑπό τινος (masc.), X. An. 7.1.30, (neut.) Pl. Tht. 200e; τὰ γιγνόμενα ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀθηναίων Th. 6.88; τὰ γενόμενα ἐξ ἀνθρώπων Hdt. Praef.; ὕβρισμα ἐκ τῶν Σαμίων γενόμενον Id. 3.48; ἀπό τινος γ. X. An. 5.6.30; παρά τινος Pl. R. 614a; ὃ μὴ γένοιτο which God forbid, D. 10.27, 28.21; but γένοιτο, = Amen, LXX Isaiah 25:1; γένοιτο γένοιτο ib. Psalms 72:19(71).19: Math., γεγονέτω suppose it done, Euc. 6.23, etc.; γέγονε it is done, Revelation 16:17 : c. dat. et part., γίγνεταί τί μοι βουλομένῳ, ἀσμένῳ (v. βούλομαι, ἄσμενος) ; οὐκ ἂν ἐμοί γε ἐλπομένῳ τὰ γένοιτο, i.e. I could not hope to see these things take place, Od. 3.228; ἡδομένοισι ἡμῖν οἱ λόγοι γεγόνασι Hdt. 9.46, etc.; of sacrifices, omens, etc., οὐ γάρ σφι ἐγίνετο τὰ σφάγια χρηστά ib. 61, cf. 62; τὰ ἱερὰ καλὰ ἐγένετο X. An. 6.4.9: abs., τὰ διαβατήρια ἐγ. were favourable, Th. 5.55; θυομένῳ οὐκ ἐγίγνετο τὰ ἱερά X. HG 3.1.17: in neut. part., τὸ γενόμενον the event, the fact, Th. 6.54; τὰ γενόμενα the facts, X. Cyr. 3.1.9, etc.; τὸ γιγνόμενον Pl. Tht. 161b, etc.; τὰ γεγενημένα the past, X. An. 6.2.14; τὸ γενησόμενον the future, Th. 1.138; τὰ γεγονότα, opp. ὄντα, μέλλοντα, Pl. R. 392d, cf. Lg. 896a: of Time, ὡς τρίτη ἡμέρη τῷ παιδίῳ ἐκκειμένῳ ἐγένετο Hdt. 1.113; ἕως ἄν τινες χρόνοι γένωνται Pl. Phd. 108c; but in pf. and plpf., to have passed, ὡς διετὴς χρόνος ἐγεγόνεε Hdt. 2.2; πρὶν ἓξ μῆνας γεγονέναι Pl. Prt. 320a: impers., ἐγένετο or γέγονεν ὥστε.. it happened, came to pass that.., X. HG 5.3.10, Isoc. 6.40, etc.; ἐγένετο, ὡς ἤκουσεν.. καὶ ἐθυμώθη it came to pass, when he heard.. that.., LXX Genesis 39:19; ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ πορεύεσθαι.. καὶ διήρχετο Luke 17:11 : c. inf., γίνεται εὑρεῖν it is possible to find, Thgn. 639; ἐγένετο, c. acc. et inf., it came to pass that, Acts 9:3, al., PAmh. 2.135.10 (ii A. D.): c. dat. et inf., ἐάν σοι γένηται στραφῆναι Epict. Ench. 23.

II folld. by a Predicate, come into a certain state, become, and (in past tenses), to be,

1 folld. by Nouns and Adjs., δηΐοισι δὲ χάρμα γ. Il. 6.82, cf. 8.282; σωτὴρ γενοῦ μοι A. Ch. 2; κωλυτὴς γ. τινός Th. 3.23; [ οὖροι] νηῶν πομπῆες γ. Od. 4.362, etc.; πάντα δὲ γιγνόμενος πειρήσεται turning every way, ib. 417; παντοῖος γ., folld. by μή, c. inf., Hdt. 3.124; παντοῖος γ. δεόμενος Id. 7.10. γ; ἐκ πλουσίου πένης γ. X. An. 7.7.28; δημοτικὸς ἐξ ὀλιγαρχικοῦ γ. Pl. R. 572d: rarely c. part., μὴ προδοὺς ἡμᾶς γένῃ, i.e. προδότης ἡμῶν, S. Aj. 588, cf. Ph. 773; μὴ ἀπαρνηθεὶς γένῃ Pl. Sph. 217c; ἀποτετραμμένοι ἐγένοντο Th. 3.68, etc.: with Pron., τί γένωμαι; what am I to become, i.e. what is to become of me? A. Th. 297, cf. Theoc. 15.51; οὐκ ἔχοντες ὅτι γένωνται Th. 2.52; less freq. with masc., οὐδ' ἔχω τίς ἂν γενοίμαν A. Pr. 905; γίγνονται πάνθ' ὅτι βούλονται Ar. Nu. 348. in past tenses, having ceased to be, ὁ γενόμενος στρατηγός the ex -strategus, POxy. 38.11 (i A. D.); ἡ γ. γυνή τινος the former wife, PFlor. 99.4 (i/ii A. D.).

2. with Advbs., κακῶς χρῆν Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι Hdt. 1.8; εὖ, καλῶς, ἡδέως γ., it goes well, etc., X. An. 1.7.5, Arr. Epict. 3.24.97, LXX To. 7.9; with personal construction, οἱ παρὰ Πλάτωνι δειπνήσαντες ἐς αὔριον ἡδέως γίγνονται Plu. 2.127b; δίχα γ. τοῦ σώματος to be parted from.., X. Cyr. 8.7.20; τριχῇ γ. to be in three divisions, Id. An. 6.2.16; γ. ἐμποδών, ἐκποδών, E. Hec. 372, X. HG 6.5.38, etc.

3. folld. by oblique cases of Nouns, c. gen., γ. τῶν δικαστέων, τῶν γεραιτέρων, become one of.., Hdt. 5.25, X. Cyr. 1.2.15, cf. Ar. Nu. 107, etc.; βουλῆς γεγονώς D.C. 36.28 (cf. supr. 1.b); fall to, belong to, ἡ νίκη Ἀγησιλάου ἐγεγένητο X. HG 4.3.20; to be under control of, ὁ νοῦς ὅταν αὑτοῦ γένηται S. OC 660, cf. Pl. Phdr. 250a (s. v.l.); ὑμῶν αὐτῶν γενέσθαι D. 4.7 (also ἐντὸς ἑωυτοῦ γ. Hdt. 1.119; ἐν ἑαυτῷ γ. X. An. 1.5.17; ἐν σαυτοῦ γενοῦ S. Ph. 950); τὴν πόλιν ἐλπίδος μεγάλης γινομένην Plu. Phoc. 23: of things, to be at, i.e. cost, so much, αἱ τριχίδες εἰ γενοίαθ' ἑκατὸν τοὐβολοῦ Ar. Eq. 662, cf. X. Oec. 20.23. c. dat., fall to, i. e. as wife, LXX Numbers 36:11. with Preps., γ. ἀπὸ δείπνου, ἐκ θυσίας, have done.., Hdt. 2.78, 1.50; πολὺν χρόνον γ. ἀπό τινος to be separated from.., X. Mem. 1.2.25; γ. εἴς τι turn into, τὸ κακὸν γ. εἰς ἀγαθόν Thgn. 162; freq. in LXX, ἐγενήθη μοι εἰς γυναῖκα Genesis 20:12; εἰς βρῶσιν ib. La. 4.10; εἰς οὐδέν, εἰς κενόν, Acts 5:36; ; ἐς Αακεδαίμονα Hdt. 5.38 (in Hom. even without Pr, ἐμὲ χρεὼ γ. Od. 4.634); γ. τι εἴς τινα comes to him, of a dowry, Isa 3.36; of a ward, And. 1.117; γ. ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν τινι to be out of sight, Hdt. 5.24; ἐξ ἀνθρώπων γ. disappear from.., Paus. 4.26.6; γ. ἐν Χίῳ Hdt. 5.33, etc.; γ. ἐν.., to be engaged in.., οἱ ἐν ποιήσει γινόμενοι in poetry, Id. 2.82; ἐν [πολέμῳ ] Th. 1.78; ἐν πείρᾳ γ. τινος X. An. 1.9.1; ἐν ὀργῇ, ἐν αἰτίᾳ πρός τινα γ., Plu. Flam. 16, Romans 7:1-25; of things, ἐν καιρῷ γ. to be in season, X. HG 4.3.2; ἐν τύχῃ γ. τινί τι Th. 4.73; γ. διὰ γηλόφων, of a road, X. An. 3.4.24; but δι' ἔχθρας γ. τινί to be at enmity with, Ar. Ra. 1412; γ. ἐπὶ ποταμῷ arrive or be at.., Hdt. 1.189, etc.; γ. ἐπί τινι fall into or be in one's power, X. An. 3.1.13, etc.; ἐπὶ συμφοραῖς γ. D. 21.58 codd. (-ᾶς Schaefer); γ. ἐπί τινι, also, to be set over.., X. Cyr. 3.3.53; γ. ἐφ' ἡμῶν αὐτῶν to be alone, Aeschin. 2. 36; γ. ἐπὶ τῆς διοικήσεως D.C. 43.48; γ. ἐπ' ἐλπίδος to be in hope, Plu. Sol. 14: Math., γ. ἐπὶ ἀριθμόν to be multiplied into a number, Theol.Ar. 3; γ. κατά τινα or τι to be near.. or opposite to.., in battle, X. Cyr. 7.1.14, HG 4.2.18; but κατὰ ξυστάσεις γ. to be formed into groups, Th. 2.21; καθ' ἓν γ. Id. 3.10; καθ' αὑτοὺς γ. to be alone, D. 10.52; γ. μετὰ τοῦ θείου to be with God, X. Cyr. 8.7.27, etc.; ἡ νίκη γ. σύν τινι Id. Ages. 2.13; γ. παρ' ἀμφοτέροις τοῖς πράγμασι to be present on both sides, Th. 5.26; γ. παρά τι to depend upon.., D. 18.232; γ. περὶ τὸ συμβουλεύειν to be engaged in.., Isoc. 3.12; γενοῦ πρός τινα go to So-and-so,

Thayer's Expanded Definition

γίνομαι (in Ionic prose writings and in common Greek from Aristotle, on for Attic γίγνομαι); (imperfect ἐγινόμην); future γενήσομαι; 2 aorist ἐγενόμην (often in 3 person singular optative γένοιτο; (participle γεναμενος, Luke 24:22 Tdf. edition 7)), and, with no difference in significance, 1 aorist passive ἐγενήθην, rejected by the Atticists (cf. Lob. ad Phryn., p. 108f; (Thomas Magister, Ritschl edition, p. 75, 6f)), not rare in later Greek, common in the Sept. (Acts 4:4; 1 Thessalonians 2:14; 1 Corinthians 15:10, etc.), imperative γενηθήτω (Matthew 6:10; Matthew 15:28, etc.); perfect γεγένημαι and γέγονα, 3 person plural γέγοναν L T Tr WH in Romans 16:7 and Revelation 21:6 (cf. (Tdf. Proleg., p. 124; WHs Appendix, p. 166; Sophocles Lexicon, p. 37f; Curtius, Das Verbum, 2:187); Winers Grammar, 36 and 76f (73f); Mullach, p. 16; Buttmann, 43 (37f)), (participle γεγονώς); pluperfect 3 person singular ἐγεγόνει (John 6:17 (not Tdf.); Acts 4:22 (where L T Tr WH γεγόνει, cf. Winers Grammar, § 12, 9; Buttmann, 33 (29); Tdf.s note on the passage)); to become, and

1. to become, i. e. to come into existence, begin to be, receive being: absolutely, John 1:15, 30 (ἔμπροσθεν μου γέγονεν); John 8:58 (πρίν Ἀβραάμ γενέσθαι); 1 Corinthians 15:37 (τό σῶμα τό γενησόμενον); ἐκ τίνος, to be born, Romans 1:3 (ἐκ σπέρματος Δαυίδ); Galatians 4:4 (ἐκ γυναικός); Matthew 21:19 (μηκέτι ἐκ σου καρπός γένηται, come from); of the origin of all things, Hebrews 11:3; διά τίνος, John 1:3, 10. to rise, arise, come on, appear, of occurrences in nature or in life: as γίνεται βροντή, John 12:29; ἀστραπή, Revelation 8:5; σεισμός, Rev. (); ; γαλήνη, Matthew 8:26; Mark 4:39; Luke 8:24; λαῖλαψ, Mark 4:37; γογγυσμός, Acts 6:1; ζήτησις, John 3:25 (followed by ἐκ of origin; στάσις καί ζήτησις), Acts 15:2 (Griesbach questions ζήτησις, Rec. reads συζήτησις); πόλεμος, Revelation 12:7; βασιλεία (or αἱ βασιλεῖαι) κτλ., Revelation 11:15; Revelation 12:10; χαρά, Acts 8:8, and in many other examples Here belong also the phrases γίνεται ἡμέρα it becomes day, day comes on, Luke 4:42; Luke 6:13; Luke 22:66; Acts 12:18; Acts 16:35; Acts 23:12; Acts 27:29, 33, 39; γίνεσθαι ὀψέ evening comes, Mark 11:19, equivalent to γίνεσθαι ὀψία, Matthew 8:16; Matthew 14:15, 23; Matthew 16:2 (T brackets WH reject the passage); ; Mark 14:17; John 6:16, etc.; πρωΐα, Matthew 27:1; John 21:4; νύξ, Acts 27:27 (cf. under the word ἐπιγίνομαι 2); σκοτία, John 6:17 (not Tdf.). Hence,

2. to become equivalent to to come to pass, happen, of events;

a. universally: Matthew 5:18; Matthew 24:6, 20, 34; Luke 1:20; Luke 12:54; Luke 21:28; John 1:28; John 13:19, etc.; τοῦτο γέγονεν, ἵνα etc. this hath come to pass that etc., Matthew 1:22; Matthew 21:4; Matthew 26:56; τά γενόμενα or γινόμενα, Matthew 18:31; Matthew 27:54; Matthew 28:11; Luke 23:48; (cf. τά γενόμενα ἀγαθά, Hebrews 9:11 L WH text Tr marginal reading); τό γενόμενον, Luke 23:47; τό γεγονός, Mark 5:14; Luke 24:12 (T omits; L Tr brackets; WH reject the verse); Acts 4:21; τό ῤῆμα τό γεγονός, Luke 2:15; τά μέλλοντα γίνεσθαι, Luke 21:36; Acts 26:22; τήν ἀνάστασιν ἤδη γεγονέναι, 2 Timothy 2:18; θανάτου γενομένου a death having taken place (German nach erfolgtem Tode), Hebrews 9:15. μή γένοιτο, a formula especially frequent in Paul (and in Epictetus, cf. Schweigh. Index Graec. in Epictetus, p. 392), "Far be it! God forbid!" (cf. Morison, Exposition of Romans 3, p. 31f): Luke 20:16; Romans 3:4, 6, 31; Romans 6:2, 15; Romans 7:7, 13; Romans 9:14; Romans 11:1, 11; 1 Corinthians 6:15; Galatians 2:17; Galatians 3:21 (equivalent to חָלִילָה, Joshua 22:29, etc.); cf. Sturz, De dial. Maced. etc., p. 204f; τί γέγονεν, ὅτι etc. what has come to pass, that etc. equivalent to for what reason, why? John 14:22 (τί ἐγένετο, ὅτι ... Ecclesiastes 7:11 (10); τί ἐστιν, ὡς etc., Euripides, Troad. 889).

b. Very common in the first three Gospels, especially that of Luke, and in the Acts, is the phrase καί ἐγένετο (וַיְהִי followed by וְ); cf. Winers Grammar, § 65, 4 e. (also § 44, 3 c.), and especially Buttmann, § 141, 6. (a.) καί ἐγένετο καί with a finite verb: Mark 2:15 ((Tr text καί γίνεται), T WH καί γίνεται (followed by the accusative and infinitive)); Luke 2:15 (R G L brackets Tr brackets); (WH brackets καί); followed by καί ἰδού, Matthew 9:10 (T omits καί before ἰδού; Luke 24:4. (b.) much more often καί is not repeated: Matthew 7:28; Mark 4:4; Luke 1:23; 2:( T WH), ; . (g.) καί ἐγένετο followed by the accusative with an infinitive: Mark 2:23 (Winer's Grammar, 578 (537) note); Luke 6:1, 6 (R G ἐγένετο δέ καί).

c. In like manner ἐγένετο δέ (a.) followed by καί with a finite verb: Luke 5:1; Luke 9:28 (WH text omits; L brackets καί, ; R G T, L Tr marginal reading brackets καί); Acts 5:7. (b.) ἐγένετο δέ followed by a finite verb without καί: Luke 1:8; Luke 2:1, 6; ( R G L); (WH Tr text omit ἐγένετο); . γ. ἐγένετο δέ followed by the accusative with an infinitive: Luke 3:21; (Luke 6:1, 6 L T Tr WH, T Tr WH); ; Acts 4:5; Acts 9:3 (without δέ), ; R G; ; (); (). (d.) ἐγένετο δέ (ὡς δέ ἐγένετο) followed by τοῦ with an infinitive: Acts 10:25 (Rec. omits τοῦ), cf. Meyer at the passage and Winers Grammar, 328 (307); (Buttmann, 270 (232)).

d. with the dative of person to occur or happen to one, befall one: followed by an infinitive, Acts 20:16; ἐάν γένηται (namely, αὐτῷ) εὑρεῖν αὐτό, if it happen to him, Matthew 18:13; ἐμοί δέ μή γένοιτο καυχᾶσθαι far be it from me to glory, Galatians 6:14 (Genesis 44:7, 17; 1 Kings 20:3 (); Alciphron, epistles 1, 26); followed by the accusative with an infinitive it happened to me, that etc.: Acts 11:26 L T Tr WH (but the accusative implied); (cf. Winers Grammar, 323 (303); Buttmann, 305 (262)); with adverbs, go, fare (German ergehen): εὖ, Ephesians 6:3 (μή γένοιτο σοι οὕτω κακῶς, Aelian v. h. 9, 36). with specification of the thing befalling one: τί γέγονεν (L T Tr text WH ἐγένετο) αὐτῷ, Acts 7:40 (from Exodus 32:1); ἐγένετο (L T Tr WH ἐγίνετο) πάσῃ ψυχή φόβος fear came upon, Acts 2:43. — Mark 4:11; Mark 9:21; Luke 19:9; John 5:14; John 15:7; Romans 11:25; 1 Corinthians 4:5; 2 Corinthians 1:8 (G L T Tr WH omit the dative); 2 Timothy 3:11; 1 Peter 4:12; with the ellipsis of ἡμῖν, John 1:17. ἐγένετο (αὐτῷ) γνώμη a purpose occurred to him, he determined, Acts 20:3 (Buttmann, 268 (230), but T Tr WH read ἐγένετο γνώμης; see below, 5 e. (a.)). followed by prepositions: ἐπ' αὐτῇ upon (German bei oran) her, Mark 5:33 (R G L brackets); εἰς τινα, Acts 28:6.

3. to arise, appear in history, come upon the stage: of men appearing in public, Mark 1:4; John 1:6 (on which two passages compare Winers Grammar, 350 (328); Buttmann, 308f (264f)); 2 Peter 2:1; γεγόνασι, have arisen and now exist, 1 John 2:18.

4. to be made, done, finished: τά ἔργα, Hebrews 4:3; διά χειρῶν, of things fabricated, Acts 19:26; of miracles to be performed, wrought: διά τῶν χειρῶν τίνος, Mark 6:2; διά τίνος, Acts 2:43; Acts 4:16, 30; Acts 12:9; ὑπό τίνος, Luke 9:7 (R L (but the latter brackets ὑπ' αὐτοῦ)); Luke 13:17; Luke 23:8; γενόμενα εἰς τήν Καφαρναούμ done unto (on) Capernaum i. e. for its benefit (Winers Grammar, 416 (388); (cf. Buttmann, 333 (286))), Luke 4:23 (Rec. ἐν τῇ Καφαρναούμ) of commands, decisions, purposes, requests, etc. to be done, executed: Matthew 6:10; Matthew 21:21; Matthew 26:42; Mark 11:23; Luke 14:22; Luke 23:24; Acts 21:14; γενήσεται λόγος will be accomplished the saying, 1 Corinthians 15:54. joined to nouns implying a certain action: ἀπώλεια γέγονε, Mark 14:4; ἀπογραφή, Luke 2:2; ἐπαγγελία γενομένη ὑπό Θεοῦ given by God, Acts 26:6; ἀνάκρισις, Acts 25:26; νόμου μετάθεσις, Hebrews 7:12; ἄφεσις, Hebrews 9:22. of institutions, laws, etc. to be established, enacted: τό σάββατον ἐγένετο, the institution of the Sabbath, Mark 2:27; νόμος, Galatians 3:17; οὗ γέγονεν οὕτως hath not been so ordained, Matthew 19:8. of feasts, marriages, entertainments, to be kept, celebrated: τό πάσχα, Matthew 26:2 (equivalent to נַעֲשֶׂה, 2 Kings 23:22); τό σάββατον, Mark 6:2; τά ἐγκαίνια, John 10:22; (γενεσίοις γενομένοις (cf. Winers Grammar, § 31, 9 b.; R G γενεσίων ἀγομένων), Matthew 14:6) (τά Ὀλυμπια, Xenophon, Hell. 7, 4, 28; Ἰσθμια, 4, 5, 1); γάμος, John 2:1. οὕτως γένηται ἐν ἐμοί so done with me, in my case, 1 Corinthians 9:15.

5. to become, be made, "in passages where it is specified who or what a person or thing is or has been rendered, as respects quality, condition, place, rank, character" (Wahl, Clavis Apocr. V. T., p. 101).

a. with a predicate added, expressed by a substantive or an adjective: οἱ λίθοι οὗτοι ἄρτοι γένωνται, Matthew 4:3; Luke 4:3; ὕδωρ οἶνον γεγενημένον, John 2:9; ἀρχιερεύς γενόμενος, Hebrews 6:20; διάκονος, Colossians 1:25; λόγος σάρξ ἐγένετο, John 1:14; ἀνήρ, 1 Corinthians 13:11, and many other examples; χάρις οὐκέτι γίνεται χάρις grace ceases to have the nature of grace, can no longer be called grace, Romans 11:6; ἄκαρπος γίνεται, Matthew 13:22; Mark 4:19; — in Matthew 17:2; Luke 8:17; John 5:6, and many other places. contextually, to show oneself, prove oneself: Luke 10:36; Luke 19:17; Luke 24:19; Romans 11:34; Romans 16:2; 2 Corinthians 1:18 Rec.; 1 Thessalonians 1:6; 1 Thessalonians 2:7; Hebrews 11:6, etc.; especially in exhortations: γίνεσθε, Matthew 10:16; Matthew 24:44; Luke 6:36; Ephesians 4:32; Colossians 3:15; μή γίνου, John 20:27; μή γίνεσθε, Matthew 6:16; Ephesians 5:7, 17; 1 Corinthians 10:7; μή γινώμεθα, Galatians 5:26; hence, used declaratively, equivalent to to be found, shown: Luke 13:2 (that it was shown by their fate that they were sinners); Romans 3:4; 2 Corinthians 7:14; — γίνομαι τίνι τίς to show oneself (to be) someone to one: 1 Corinthians 9:20, 22.

b. with an interrogative pronoun as predicate: τί Πέτρος ἐγένετο what had become of Peter, Acts 12:18 (cf. use of τί ἐγένετο in Act. Phil. in Hell. § 23, Tdf. Acta apost. apocr., p. 104).

c. γίνεσθαι ὡς or ὡσεί τινα to become as or like to one: Matthew 10:25; Matthew 18:3; Matthew 28:4; Mark 9:26; Luke 22:44 (L brackets WH reject the passage); Romans 9:29 (from Isaiah 1:9); 1 Corinthians 4:13; Galatians 4:12.

d. γινεσθα εἰς τί to become i. e. be changed into something, come to be, issue in, something (German zu etwas werden): ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλήν γωνίας, Matthew 21:42; Mark 12:10; Luke 20:17; Acts 4:11; 1 Peter 2:7 — all after Psalm 117:22 (). Luke 13:19 (εἰς δένδρον μέγα); John 16:20; Acts 5:36; Romans 11:9 (from Psalm 68: (69) 23); 1 Thessalonians 3:5; Revelation 8:11; Revelation 16:19, etc. (equivalent to לְ הָיָה; but the expression is also classic; cf. Winers Grammar, § 29, 3 a.; Buttmann, 150 (131)).

e. γίνεσθαι with Cases; (a.) with the genitive to become the property of anyone, to come into the power of a person or thing (cf. Winers Grammar, § 30, 5; especially Buttmann, 162 (142)): Luke 20:14 (L marginal reading ἔσται), 33; Revelation 11:15; (γνώμης, Acts 20:3 T Tr WH (cf. ἐλπίδος μεγάλης γίνεσθαι Plutarch, Phocylides, 23, 4)); προφητεία ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως οὐ γίνεται no one can explain prophecy by his own mental power (it is not a matter of subjective interpretation), but to explain it one needs the same illumination of the Holy Spirit in which it originated, for etc. 2 Peter 1:20. γενέσθαι with a genitive indicating one's age (to be) so many years old: Luke 2:42; 1 Timothy 5:9. (b.) with the dative (cf. W 210f (198)): γίνεσθαι ἀνδρί to become a man's wife, Romans 7:3f (לְאִישׁ הָיָה, Leviticus 22:12; Ruth 1:12, etc.).

f. joined to prepositions with their substantives; ἐν τίνι, to come or pass into a certain state (cf. Buttmann, 330 (284)): ἐν ἀγωνία, Luke 22:44 (L brackets WH reject the passage); ἐν ἐκστάσει, Acts 22:17; ἐν πνεύματι, Revelation 1:10; Revelation 4:2; ἐν δόξῃ (R. V. came with (in) glory), 2 Corinthians 3:7; ἐν παραβάσει, 1 Timothy 2:14; ἐν ἑαυτῷ, to come to himself, recover reason, Acts 12:11 (also in Greek writings; cf. Hermann ad Vig., p. 749); ἐν Χριστῷ, to be brought to the fellowship of Christ, to become a Christian, Romans 16:7; ἐν ὁμοιώματι ἀνθρώπων, to become like men, Philippians 2:7; ἐν λόγῳ κολακείας (R. V. were we found using) flattering speech, 1 Thessalonians 2:5. ἐπάνω τίνος to be placed over a thing, Luke 19:19. μετά τίνος or σύν τίνι to become one's companion, associate with him: Mark 16:10; Acts 7:38; Acts 20:18; ὑπό τινα to be made subject to one, Galatians 4:4. (Cf. h. below.) g. with specification of the terminus of motion or the place of rest: εἰς with the accusative of place, to come to some place, arrive at something, Acts 20:16; Acts 21:17; Acts 25:15; ὡς ἐγένετο ... εἰς τά ὦτα μου when the voice came into my ears, Luke 1:44; εἰς with the accusative of person, of evils coming upon one, Revelation 16:2 R G; of blessings, Galatians 3:14; 1 Thessalonians 1:5 (Lachmann πρός; Acts 26:6 L T Tr WH); γενέσθαι ἐπί τοῦ τόπου, Luke 22:40; ἐπί τῆς γῆς, John 6:21 (Tdf. ἐπί τήν γῆν); ὧδε, John 6:25 (ἐκεῖ, Xenophon, an. 6, 3 (5), 20; (cf. Buttmann, 71)); ἐπί with the accusative of place, Luke 24:22; Acts 21:35; (John 6:21 Tdf.); ἐγένετο διωγμός ἐπί τήν ἐκκλησίαν, Acts 8:1; ἐγένετο φόβος or θάμβος ἐπί πάντας, Luke 1:65; Luke 4:36; Acts 5:5, 11; (ἔκστασις, Acts 10:10 (Rec. ἐπέπεσεν)); ἕλκος κακόν καί πονηρόν ἐπί τούς ἀνθρώπους, Revelation 16:2 L T Tr WH; ἐγένετο ... ῤῆμα ἐπί τινα, λόγος or φωνή πρός τινα (came to): Luke 3:2; John 10:35; Acts 7:31 (Rec.); (Genesis 15:1, 4; Jeremiah 1:2, 11; Jeremiah 13:8; Ezekiel 6:1; Hosea 1:1); (ἐπαγγελία, Acts 13:32; Acts 26:6 Rec.); κατά with the accusative of place, Luke 10:32 (Tr WH omit); Acts 27:7, (Xenophon, Cyril 7, 1, 15); κατά with the genitive: τό γενόμενον ῤῆμα καθ' ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας the matter the report of which spread throughout all Judaea, Acts 10:37; πρός τινα, 2 John 1:12 (Rec. ἐλθεῖν); 1 Corinthians 2:3; σύν τίνι, to be joined to one as an associate, Luke 2:13 (Xenophon, Cyril 5, 3, 8); ἐγγύς γίνεσθαι, Ephesians 2:13; τίνος, John 6:19; (h.) (with ἐκ of the source (see above): Mark 1:11 (Tdf. omits ἐγένετο); (T Tr marginal reading WH); Luke 3:22; Luke 9:35; Acts 19:34); γίνεσθαι ἐκ μέσου, to be taken out of the way, 2 Thessalonians 2:7; γενέσθαι ὁμοθυμαδόν, of many come together in one place, Acts 15:25 cf. Acts 2:1 (but only in R G; γενομένοις ὁμοθυμαδόν in may mean either having become of one mind, or possibly having come together with one accord. On the alleged use of γίνομαι in the N. T. as interchangeable with εἰμί see Fritzschior. Opuscc., p. 284 note. Compare: ἀπογίνομαι, διαγίνομαι, ἐπιγίνομαι, παραγίνομαι, συμγίνομαι παραγίνομαι, προγίνομαι.)


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Abbott-Smith Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament

γίνομαι ,

Ion. and κοινή for Att... γίγν - (M, Pr., 47; Bl., § 6, 8; Mayser, 166 f.),

[in LXX chiefly for H1961;]

1. of persons, things, occurrences, to come into being, be born, arise, come on: John 1:15; John 8:58, 1 Corinthians 15:37; a first appearance in public, Mark 1:4, John 1:6, al.; seq. ἐκ (of birth), Romans 1:3, Galatians 4:4; διά , John 1:3; βροντή , John 12:29; σεισμός , Revelation 6:12; γογγυσμός , Acts 6:1; χαρά , Acts 8:8, and many other similar exx.; ἡμέρα , Luke 22:66, al.; ὀψέ , Mark 11:19; πρωΐα , Matthew 27:1; νύξ , Acts 27:27.

2. Of events, to come to pass, take place, happen: Matthew 5:13, Mark 5:14, Luke 1:20; Luke 2:15, Acts 4:21, 2 Timothy 2:18, al.; μὴ γένοιτο [LXX for H2486, Joshua 22:29, al.], far be it, God forbid: Romans 3:4 (ICC, in l), 1 Corinthians 6:15 and freq. in PL; καὶ ἐγένετο , ἐγένετο δέ ([in LXX for H1961;] v. Burton, 142 f.; M, Proverbs 16:1-33 L; Dalman, Words, 32 f.; Robertson, Gr., 1042 f.), c. indic., Matthew 7:28, Luke 1:8, al.; seq. καί et indic., Luke 8:1, Acts 5:7, al.; c. acc et inf., Mark 2:23, Luke 3:21, al.; ὡς δὲ ἐγένετο , seq. τοῦ c. inf., Acts 10:25; c. dat. pers., to befall one: c. inf., Acts 20:16; c. acc et inf., Acts 22:6; c. adv., εὖ , Ephesians 6:3; τί ἐγένετο αὐτῷ (Field, Notes, 115), Acts 7:40 (LXX); seq. εἰς , Acts 28:6.

3. to be made, done, performed, observed, enacted, ordained, etc.: Matthew 6:10; Matthew 19:8, Mark 2:27; Mark 11:23, Acts 19:25, al.; seq. διά c. gen., Mark 6:2, Acts 2:43; ὑπό , Luke 13:17; εἰς , Luke 4:28; ἐν , 1 Corinthians 9:15; ἀπογραφί , Luke 2:2; ἀνάκρισις , Acts 25:26; ἄφεσις , Hebrews 9:22; ὁ νόμος , Galatians 3:17; τό πάσχα , Matthew 26:2.

4. to become, be made, come to be: c. pred., Matthew 4:3, Luke 4:3, John 2:9, 1 Corinthians 13:11, al.; seq. ὡς , ὡσει , Matthew 10:25, Mark 9:26; εἰς (M, Pr., 71 f.), Mark 10:1-52, al.; c. gen., Revelation 11:15; id., of age, Luke 2:42; c. dat., γ . ἀνδρί ([LXX for H376 H1961, Ruth 1:12, al.;] v. Field, Notes, 156), Romans 7:3-4; seq. ἐν , Acts 22:17, Revelation 1:10, al.; ἐπάνω , Luke 19:19; μετά , c. gen., Mark 16:10, Acts 9:19; seq. εἰς , ἐπί (Field, Notes, 135), κατά (ib., 62), c. acc of place, Acts 20:16; Acts 21:35; Acts 27:7, al.; seq. ἐκ , Mark 9:7, Luke 3:22, 2 Thessalonians 2:7, al. floristic pf. γέγονα (M, Pr., 52, 145 f.; Field, Notes, 1 f.), Matthew 25:6, Luke 10:36, al. Aor. ἐγενήθη (for ἐγένετο , M, Pr., 139, 1.; Mayser, 379), Matthew 11:23, al.

(Cf. απο -, δια -, επι -, παρα -, συμ - παρα -, προ -.)

γίγνομαι , v.s. γίνομαι .


Abbott-Smith Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
Vocabulary of the Greek NT

The original meaning ";to come into being,"; ";be born,"; as in John 8:58, Galatians 4:4 al, may be illustrated by P Flor III. 382.38 (A.D. 222–3) ὁ ἐξ ἐμ ̣[οῦ ] γ ̣ενόμενος υἱὸς [Μ ]έλας ὀνόματι , 61 τοῦ μὴ ο ̣͗ντος [μ ]ηδὲ γενομένο [υ μ ]οι υἱοῦ Syll 802.6 (iii/B.C.) κόρον ἔτεκε , ὃς εὐ [θ ]ὺς γενόμενος αὐτὸς ἀπὸ τᾶς κράνας ἐλοῦτο —this precocious cleanliness is nothing very astonishing among the egregious wonders of the Asclepieum. So P Cattaouiv. 16 (ii/A.D.) (= Chrest. II. p. 422) ὁ προγενέστερος ποῦ σοι σ [τρα ]τ [ε ]υομ [ ]νῳ ἐγένετο ; This document contains a good instance of the use so common in NT, esp. in Ac, as v. 20 ἐὰν γένηταί με ἀποδημεῖν : cf. Matthew 18:13, etc. Cf. P Amh II. 135.10 (early ii/A.D.) ἐὰν γένηται ἡμᾶς μὴ ὑπογύως ἀναπλεῖν , ";if it should happen that we do not sail up suddenly"; (Edd.), BGU III. 970.15 (A.D. 174) ἐὰν γένηται μὴ εὐτονῆσαι αὐτόν : all these are mentioned in Proleg. p. 17. Add P Par 49.29 (B.C. 164–58) (= Witkowski.2, p. 71) γίνεται γὰρ ἐντραπῆναι . Cf. MGr γίνεται νὰ c. subj. = ";it is possible that . . ."; For γ . with dat. as in Romans 7:3, cf. P Petr II. 40 (b).7 (B.C. 277) ὃς ἐπακολουθήσει τῆι ἐγχύσει τοῦ γινομένου σοι γλεύκους , ";who will see to the pouring out of the must which comes to you"; (Ed.), P Lond 21.29 (B.C. 162) (= I. p. 13) σοὶ δὲ γίνοιτο εὐημερεῖν , Ostr 1530 (B.C. 120) ἀπέχω παρὰ σοῦ τὸ γινόμενόν μοι , ";money due to me."; With Acts 22:17, 2 Corinthians 3:7, we may compare P Petr II. 20iii. 12 (B.C. 252) συνέβη ἐν ἐπισχέσε [ι ] γενέσθα [ι , and P Tebt II. 423.14 (early iii/A.D.) ὡς εἰς ἀγωνίαν με γενέσθαι ἐν τῷ παρόντι , ";so I am at present very anxious"; (Edd.). P Oxy II. 283.11 (A.D. 45) καὶ γενόμενος ἐν τῇ Μέμφει τῇ ιε ̄ Ἰουλίᾳ [Σ ]εβαστῇ τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος μηνὸς Καισαρείου , ";I reached Memphis on the day Julia Augusta, the 15th of the present month Caesareus"; (Edd.); cf. ib. IV. 709.7 (c. A.D. 50) ἐν Μένφει γενόμενος , where the phrase must be translated in the same way (see Archiv iv. p. 376). Cf. P Lond 962.1 (A.D. 254 or 261) (= III. p. 210) γενοῦ πρὸς Ἄταιν τὸν ποιμένα καὶ δέξαι παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ δραχμὰς διακοσίας , P Flor II. 180.45 (A.D. 253) ἐὰν γένηται πρός σε Διόσκορος , al. Γίνομαι sometimes supplies an aorist for εἰμί : ἐγενόμην is normally ingressive (= became), but has to serve on occasion for summary (";constative";) aorist as well—cf. Proleg. p. 109. Thus P Flor III. 382.61 (cited ad init.) might be translated ";the son whom I neither have nor ever had,"; as well as ";nor was ever born to me."; Luke 13:2 is an instance of this summary use. It appears in a very common technical usage, by which γενόμενος , with the title of an official, etc., denotes ";ex-"; : where the title forms a verb, the aor. (less often the perf.) partic. of this is used instead. Thus ";ex-gymnasiarch"; is γυμνασιαρχήσας . For the periphrasis cf. P Oxy I. 38.11 (A.D. 49–50) (= Selections, p. 53) καθὰ π ̣[α ]ρῆλθον ἐπὶ τοῦ γενομένου τοῦ νομοῦ στρατηγοῦ Πασίωνος , ";I accordingly brought an action before Pasion, who was exstrategus of the nome."; The idiom has wider applications, as in P Flor I. 99.4 (i/ii A.D.) (= Selections, p. 71) τῆς . . . γενομ ̣ε ̣νης γυναικός , ";his former wife."; In Cambridge Biblical Essays (ed. Swete, 1909), p. 491, this was applied to the important statement of Papias about Mark, who, ";having become the interpreter of Peter, wrote,"; etc. (Lightfoot) : we see now that we should read, ";having been";—his connexion with Peter was past. See Milligan Documents, p. 270. Not quite the same are BGU II. 362iii. 20 (A.D. 215) (= Chrest. I. p. 126) τοῦ πρὸ ἐμοῦ γε [νομένου ἐπιμελητ ]οῦ , ";who was epimeletes before me,"; and P Oxy VIII. 1119.6 (A.D. 254) ὁ τότε γενόμενος ἀμφοδογραμματεύς , ";the then amphodogrammateus"; (Ed.). In P Tebt II. 315.21 (ii/A.D.) ἐγένετο γάρ μου φίλος is rendered ";as he has become my friend"; (Edd.)—aor. of immediate past : in another context it could mean ";he was (once) my friend."; For γ . used practically as a passive to ποιῶ , as in Acts 19:26, cf. P Ryl II. 231.3 (A.D. 40) τ [οὺ ]ς ἄρτους καλ ̣ω ̣̑ς ποιήσεις εἰπὼ (ν ) γενέσθαι , ";kindly order the loaves to be made"; (Edd.). There is an extremely common use of γίνεται (generally abbreviated) to denote the total of a column of figures, which ";come to"; so much : see e.g. the table of abbreviations P Lond III. p. 345, near the end, with reff. Among other special usages there is the Pauline μὴ γένοιτο , common in Epictetus (cf. D. S. Sharp Epictetus and the NT, pp. 6, 112), e.g. i. i. 13, τί οὖν ; μή τι μικρά σοι φαίνεται ταῦτα ; μὴ γένοιτο . Γέγονεν standing by itself as an answer to a question (";what can you say as to, . . ?";) in P Strass I. 22i. 17 (iii/A.D.) looks at first rather like that which occurs in Revelation 16:17; Revelation 21:6, but the reference is superficial. On the use of γέγονα aoristically, see Proleg. p. 145 f. Add there a typical instance from Diogenes Laert. Proem. § 5 παράγουσι καὶ Ὀρφέα τὸν Θρᾷκα , λέγοντες φιλόσοφον γεγονέναι , καὶ εἶναι ἀρχαιότατον , ";that he was a philosopher, and belongs to the earliest times";; also Preisigke 1854, Ἄσελλος ὧδε γέγον [α . This last is one of the 162 sightseers’ scribblings on the walls of the tombs of the kings at Thebes : 34 of them add to their name the verb ἱστόρησα , ἀφικόμην , ἐθαύμασα , or other aoristic expression of their feelings, and 9 more use ἥκω . When this one comes to ";write him down"; Asellus, his unique ὧδε γέγονα may be either compared with ἥκω (perfect) ὧδε , as in no. 1868, or made virtually aoristic like the majority. There is little difference. In Proleg. p. 239 a further instance of aoristic γέγονε is cited from C. and B. ii. p. 477, no. 343.

The loss of γ from the original form, here and in γινώσκω , is found in the Ionic from v/B.C., and in Attic inscrr. from c. 300 : see Brugmann-Thumb Gr. p. 126. It is the only Κοινή form—γίνομαι is MGr—but there are a few instances of γιγν . in papyri due to the effort to write ";correctly"; : see Mayser Gr. p. 164 f. As late as P Thead 13i. 10 (A.D. 322—a procès verbal from a law case) we find γιγνομένην . An aorist ἐγεινάμην is sometimes found, as in Ostr 1616.6 (B.C. 149–8 or 138–7), and it is possible that this (classical) form may be responsible for the rather marked fondness for the spelling γείνομαι in pres. : normally we may ignore altogether the difference of ει and ι . For γέγοναν (Romans 16:7 אAB), cf. BGU II. 597.19 (A.D. 75), al. See Proleg. p. 52, where however the illiteracy of this form is too confidently expressed. The aor. ἐγενήθην , to which the Atticists objected, was common in early Κοινή , but fell back after ii/B.C.—see Mayser Gr. p. 379.

 

 


The Vocabulary of the Greek New Testament.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
List of Word Forms
γεγενημένοις γεγενημενον γεγενημένον γεγενημένων γεγενησθαι γεγενήσθαι γεγενῆσθαι γεγένησθε γεγένηται γεγονα γέγονα γεγοναμεν γεγόναμεν γεγοναν γέγοναν γεγονας γέγονας γεγονασι γεγόνασι γεγόνασί γεγόνασιν γεγονατε γεγόνατε γέγονε γεγονει γεγόνει γεγονεν γέγονεν γεγονεναι γεγονέναι γεγονος γεγονός γεγονὸς γεγονότα γεγονοτας γεγονότας γεγονοτες γεγονότες γεγονοτι γεγονότι γεγονυια γεγονυία γεγονυῖα γεγονυίας γεγονως γεγονώς γεγονὼς γενεσθαι γενέσθαι γένεσθαι γενέσθε γένεσθε γενεσθω γενέσθω γενέσθωσαν γένη γενηθεντας γενηθέντας γενηθεντες γενηθέντες γενηθέντος γενηθεντων γενηθέντων γένηθη γενηθηναι γενηθήναι γενηθήναί γενηθῆναι γενηθητε γενήθητε γενηθητω γενηθήτω γενηθήτωσαν γενηθωμεν γενηθῶμεν γενησεσθε γενήσεσθε γενησεται γενήσεται γενησθε γένησθε γενησομενον γενησόμενον γενησομένων γενησονται γενήσονται γενηται γενηταί γένηται γένηταί γενοίμην γένοιντο γενοιτο γένοιτο γένοιτό γενομενα γενόμενα γενομεναι γενόμεναι γενομένας γενομένη γενομενην γενομένην γενομενης γενομένης γενομενοι γενόμενοι γενόμενοί γενομενοις γενομένοις γενομενον γενόμενον γενομενος γενόμενος γενομενου γενομένου γενομένους γενομένω γενομενων γενομένων γενού γενωμαι γένωμαι γένωμαί γενωμεθα γενώμεθα γενωνται γένωνται γένωνταί γινεσθαι γίνεσθαι γινεσθε γίνεσθε γίνεσθέ γινεσθω γινέσθω γινέσθωσαν γινεται γίνεται γίνη γίνομαι γινομενα γινόμενα γινομεναι γινόμεναι γινομέναις γινομενας γινομένας γινομενη γινομένη γινομένῃ γινομενης γινομένης γινομενοι γινόμενοι γινομενοις γινομένοις γινομενον γινόμενον γινόμενος γινομενου γινομένου γινομένω γινομενων γινομένων γίνονται γινου γίνου γινωμεθα γινώμεθα γινωνται γίνωνται εγεγονει εγεγόνει ἐγεγόνει εγενεσθε εγένεσθε ἐγένεσθε ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ εγενέτο εγένετο εγένετό ἐγένετο εγενήθε εγενηθη εγενήθη εγένηθη ἐγενήθη εγενηθημεν εγενήθημεν εγένηθημεν ἐγενήθημεν εγενηθην εγενήθην ἐγενήθην εγενήθης εγενηθησαν εγενήθησαν εγενήθησάν ἐγενήθησαν ἐγενήθησάν εγενηθητε εγενήθητε εγενήθητέ ἐγενήθητε εγενόμεθα εγενομην εγενόμην ἐγενόμην εγενοντο εγένοντο εγένοντό ἐγένοντο εγενου εγένου ἐγένου εγινετο εγίνετο ἐγίνετο εγίνοντο εγίνοντό εγίνου οἵτινες προσγεγενημένων egegonei egegónei egenesthe egénesthe egenethe egenēthē egenḗthe egenḗthē egenethemen egenēthēmen egenḗthemen egenḗthēmen egenethen egenēthēn egenḗthen egenḗthēn egenethesan egenēthēsan egenḗthesan egenḗthesán egenḗthēsan egenḗthēsán egenethete egenēthēte egenḗthete egenḗthēte EGENETO egéneto egenomen egenomēn egenómen egenómēn egenonto egénonto egenou egénou egineto egíneto gegenemenon gegeneménon gegenēmenon gegenēménon gegenesthai gegenêsthai gegenēsthai gegenē̂sthai gegona gégona gegonamen gegónamen gegonan gégonan gegonas gégonas gegonasin gegónasin gegonate gegónate gegonei gegónei gegonen gégonen gegonenai gegonénai gegonos gegonós gegonòs gegonōs gegonṑs gegonotas gegonótas gegonotes gegonótes gegonoti gegonóti gegonuia gegonyîa genesesthe genēsesthe genḗsesthe genesetai genēsetai genḗsetai genesomenon genesómenon genēsomenon genēsómenon genesontai genēsontai genḗsontai genesthai genésthai genesthe genēsthe génesthe génēsthe genestho genesthō genéstho genésthō genetai genētai génetai génetaí génētai génētaí genethenai genethênai genēthēnai genēthē̂nai genethentas genethéntas genēthentas genēthéntas genethentes genethéntes genēthentes genēthéntes genethenton genethénton genēthentōn genēthéntōn genethete genēthēte genḗthete genḗthēte genetheto genethḗto genēthētō genēthḗtō genethomen genethômen genēthōmen genēthō̂men genoito génoito génoitó genomai genōmai génomai génōmai genomena genómena genomenai genómenai genomenen genomenēn genoménen genoménēn genomenes genomenēs genoménes genoménēs genomenoi genómenoi genomenois genoménois genomenon genomenōn genoménon genoménōn genómenon genomenos genómenos genomenou genoménou genometha genōmetha genṓmetha genontai genōntai génontai génōntai ginesthai gínesthai ginesthe gínesthe ginestho ginesthō ginéstho ginésthō ginetai gínetai ginomena ginómena ginomenai ginómenai ginomenas ginoménas ginomene ginomenē ginoméne ginoménē ginoménei ginoménēi ginomenes ginomenēs ginoménes ginoménēs ginomenoi ginómenoi ginomenois ginoménois ginomenon ginomenōn ginoménon ginoménōn ginómenon ginomenou ginoménou ginometha ginōmetha ginṓmetha ginontai ginōntai gínontai gínōntai ginou gínou oitines
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