the Week of Proper 25 / Ordinary 30
Click here to join the effort!
Bible Encyclopedias
Mingled People
Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
or (עֵרֶב, e'reb, a mixture), spoken of a "mixed" multitude, such as accompanied the Israelites from Egypt (Exodus 12:38), and joined them after their return from Babylon (Nehemiah 13:3); but specifically (with the def. article) of the promiscuous mass of foreign auxiliaries, e.g. of Solomon (1 Kings 10:15), of Egypt (Ezekiel 30:5; Jeremiah 25:20; Jeremiah 25:24), of Chaldaea (Jeremiah 50:37). "The phrase (הָעֶרֶב, ha- ereb), like that of the mixed multitude, which the Hebrew closely resembles, is applied in Jeremiah 25:20, and Ezekiel 30:5, to denote the miscellaneous foreign population of Egypt and its frontier-tribes, including every one, says Jerome, who was not a native Egyptian, but was resident there. The Targum of Jonathan understands it in this passage, as well as in Jeremiah 1:37, of the foreign mercenaries, though in Jeremiah 25:24, where the word again occurs, it is rendered Arabs. It is difficult to attach to it any precise meaning, or to identify with the mingled people any race of which we have knowledge. ‘ The kings of the mingled people that dwell in the desert,' are the same apparently as the tributary kings (A.V. ‘ kings of Arabia') who brought presents to Solomon (1 Kings 10:15); the Hebrew in the two cases is identical.
These have been explained (as in the Targum on 1 Kings 10:15) as foreign mercenary chiefs who were in the pay of Solomon, but Thenius understands by them the sheiks of the border tribes of Bedouins, living in Arabia Deserta, who were closely connected with the Israelites. The ‘ mingled people' in the midst of Babylon (Jeremiah 50:37) were probably the foreign soldiers or mercenary troops, who lived among the native population, as the Targum takes it. Kimchi compares Exodus 12:38, and explains ha-ereb of the foreign population of Babylon generally, ‘ foreigners who were in Babylon from several lands,' or it may, he says he intended to denote the merchants, ereb being thus connected with the עֹרְבֵי מִעֲרָבֵךְ of Ezekiel 27:27, rendered in the A.V. ‘ the occupiers of thy merchandise.' His first interpretation is based upon what appears to be the primary signification of the root עָרִב, ‘ arab, to mingle, while another meaning, ‘ to pledge, guarantee,' suggested the rendering of the Targum ‘ mercenaries,' which Jarchi adopts in his explanation of ‘ the kings of ha-ereb,' in 1 Kings 10:15, as the kings who were pledged to Solomon and dependent upon him. The equivalent which he gives is apparently intended to represent the French garantie. The rendering of the A.V. is supported by the Sept. σύμμικτος in Jeremiah, and ἐπίμικτος in Ezekiel." (See MIXED MULTITUDE).
These files are public domain.
McClintock, John. Strong, James. Entry for 'Mingled People'. Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/tce/m/mingled-people.html. Harper & Brothers. New York. 1870.
