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Niddui

Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature

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(נַרּוּי ), the lesser sort of excommunication used among the Hebrews. He who had incurred this was to withdraw himself from his relations, at least to the distance of four cubits. It commonly continued thirty days. If it was not then taken off it might be prolonged for sixty or even ninety days. But if within this term the excommunicated person did not give satisfaction, he fell into the cherem, which was the second sort of excommunication; and thence into the third sort, called shammatha, the most terrible of all. (See ANATHEMA).