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Landerer, Maximilian Albert von

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a German theologian, one of the most learned and able, though not one of the best known, representatives of the school of theology occupying an intermediate position between the old supranaturalism and modern rationalism, was born at Maulbronn, Wurtemberg, January 14, 1810. He studied at Tubingen, where Dorner (q.v.) was his fellow-student. In 1839 he was deacon at Goppingen, in 1841 professor at Tubingen, and died April 13, 1878. Rejecting the Hegelian principle of absolute knowledge, Landerer emphasized the religious experience in the department of systematic theology. He did not, however, forcibly separate it from the revelation of the Scriptures. The central doctrine in systematic theology he regarded as the perfect union of God and man in Jesus of Nazareth; and he laid special emphasis on the humanity of Christ, insisting, however, upon his supernatural birth and absolute sinlessness. Being not as imposing in presence as Baur or Beck, yet he became one of the most influential of the theologians of his school, and the more intimately the students came in contact with him, the more highly they learned to respect him. Landerer published very little. For the first edition of Herzog he contributed thirteen articles, the most prominent of which was the one on Melanchthon. For the Jahrbucher fur deutsche Theologie he wrote on "The relation of grace to the freedom of the will in' the application of salvation."' After his death some of his former pupils published from his manuscripts, Zur Dogmatik. Zwei akademische Reden, together with Landerer's Gedichtnissrede auf F.C. Baur (ed. by Buder and Weiss, Tubingen, 1879): — Predigten (ed. by P. Lang, Heilbronn, 1880): — Neueste Dogmengeschichte von Semumler bis auf die Gegenwart (published by vaul Zeller, 1881). See Worte der Erinnerung an Dr. M.A. Landerer (Tubingen, 1878); Wagenmann in Jahrbucher fur deutsche Theologie (1878), part 3; Wurtemabergisches Kirchenund Schulblatt (eod.), No. 26-28; Protestantische Kirchenzeitung (eod.), No. 20; Schmidt, in Plitt-Herzog, Real-Ezncyklop. s.v.; Lichtenberger, Encyclop. des Scnences Religieuses, s.v. (B.P.)