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Harless, Gottlieb Christoph Adolph

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a Lutheran theologian of Germany, was born at Nuremberg, November 21, 1806. He studied philosophy and theology at Erlangen and Halle, and commenced his academical career at the former place in 1828. In 1836 he was appointed professor and university preacher, in 1838 he took part in starting the Zeitschrifi fur Purotestantismus und Kirche, and in 1842 he published his Christliche Ethik, of which eight editions were printed, and which was also translated into English (Edinbusrgh, 1868). To this period belongs his activity as member of parliament in the Bavarian diet, where he so energetically fought for the cause of Protestantism that the utltramontane minister, Abel, deposed him from his professorship, and in 1845 sent him as member of consistory to Bayreuth. Its the same year, however, he was called to Leipsic, where he labored as professor and preacher at St. Nicholai till 1847, when the king of Saxony appointed him court-preacher and vice-president of the consistory. In 1852 Harless was called to Munich as president of the Protestant superior consistory, and directed the affairs of the Protestant Church its Bavaria for twenty-five years. He died September 5, 1879. Besides his Ethik, he published, De Revelatione et Filde (Erlangen, 1830): — Commentar uber den Brief Pauli an die Epheser (1834; 2d ed. 1858): — Die kritische Bearbeitung des Lebens Jesu von David F. Strauss beleuchtet (1836): — Theologische Encyklopadie und Methodologie (1837): — De Supernaturalismo Gentilium seu de via et Ratione Superstitionem a Religione Recte Distiiguendi (1838): — Lucubrationum Evangelia Canonica Spectantium Pars I et II (1841, 1842): — Die Sonntagsweihe, sermons (2d ed. 1860, 4 volumes): — Kirche und Amt nach lutherischer Lehre (1853): — Die Elhescheidungsfrage (1861): — Das Verhiltniss des Christenthum zu Kulturund Lebensfagen der Gegenwart (1863; 2d ed. 1866): — Jakob Bohme und die Alchimnisten (1870; 2d ed. 1882): — Geschichtsbilder aus der luther. Kirche Livlands (1869): — Stact und Kirche (1870). See Zuchold, Bibl. Theol. 1:501-503; Lichtenberger, Encyclop. des Sciences Religienses, s.v.; Stahlin, G. Chr. A. Hasless, in Zeitschrift fur kirchliche Wissenschaft, 1880, 2 and 3; but especially Harless's own work, Bruchstucke aus dem Leben eines suddeutschen Theologen (Bielefeld,- 1872-75, 2 volumes). (B.P.)