the Week of Proper 26 / Ordinary 31
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Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
(prop. שִׁעִר, shalar, πὑλη; which are also used [espec. the Heb. word] for DOOR (See DOOR) [q.v.], although this latter is more properly designated by פֶּתִח, pe'thach, an opening, of which דֶּלֶת, de'leth, was the valve, Gr. θύρα; there also occur סִ, saph, 1 Chronicles 9:19; 1 Chronicles 9:21, a vestibule or "threshold," as usually elsewhere rendered; and the Chald. תּרִע, tera' an entrance, only in Ezra and Dan.), the entrance to inclosed grounds, buildings, dwelling-houses, towns, etc. (see Thomson, Land and Book, 1:29 sq.). Thus we find mentioned. Gates of Cities, as of Jerusalem, its sheep-gate, fishgate, etc. (Jeremiah 37:13; Nehemiah 1:3; Nehemiah 2:3; Nehemiah 5:3); of Sodom (Genesis 19:1); of Gaza (Judges 16:3).
2. Gates of royal palaces (Nehemiah 3:8).
3. Gates of the Temple. The temple of Ezekiel had two gates, one towards the north, the other towards the east; the latter closed (Ezekiel 44:1-2), the other must have been open. The gates of Solomon's Temple were very massive and costly, being overlaid with gold and carvings (1 Kings 6:34-35; 2 Kings 18:16). Those of the Holy Place were of olive-wood, two-leaved. and overlaid with gold; those of the Temple of fir (1 Kings 6:31-32; 1 Kings 6:34; Ezekiel 41:23-24). Of the gates of the outer courts of Heroid's temple, nine were covered with gold and silver, as.well as the posts and lintels; but the middle one, the Beautifil Gate (Acts 3:2), was made entirely of Corinthian brass, and was considered to surpass the others far in costliness (Joseph. War, 5:5, 3). This gate, which was so heavy as to require twenty men to close it, was unexpectedly found open on one occasion shortly before the close of the siege (Joseph. War, 6:5,3; Revelation 2:9).
4. Gates of tombs (Matthew 27:60).
5. Gates of prisons. In Acts 12:10, mention is made of the iron gate of Peter's prison (Acts 16:27). Prudentius (Peristephanon, 5:346) speaks of gate-keepers of prisons.
6. Gates of caverns (1 Kings 19:13).
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