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Bible Encyclopedias
Fountain

Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature

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Fountayne, John, D.D.
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the rendering in the A.V. of the following Hebrew terms:

1. Properly and usually עִיַן, a'yin (lit. the eye), so called from flowing (Gesenius, Thes. Heb. p. 1017), a natural source of living water. (See EN)

2. Likewise מִעְיָן, mayan' (from the same root), a well-watered place (Psalms 84:6, "well"); also a single spring (as rendered in Psalms 87:7; Psalms 104:10) of running water (Leviticus 11:36; Joshua 15:9; 1 Kings 18:5; 2 Chronicles 32:4; Psalms 74:15; Psalms 114:8; Proverbs 5:16; Proverbs 8:24; Proverbs 25:26; Song of Solomon 4:12; Song of Solomon 4:15; Isaiah 12:18; Hosea 13:15; Joel 3:18); spoken of the tide or influx of the sea (Genesis 7:11; Genesis 8:2). Its force and meaning are unfortunately sometimes obscured by the rendering in the A.V., "well," as in Exodus 15:27; in Elim "were twelve wells of water;" that is, not artificial wells, but natural fountains, as still seen in wady Ghurundel (Bartlett's Forty Days in the Desert, page 43). These two words, on the contrary, like the corresponding Greek πηγή, always denote a stream of "living" or constantly running water, in opposition to standing or stagnant pools, whether it issues immediately from the ground or from thee bottom of a well. (See AIN).

3. מִבּוּעִ , mabbu'a (so called from gushing or bubbling forth), a native rill (fig. of the vital flow Ecclesiastes 12:6; elsewhere literally a "spring" in general, Isaiah 35:7; Isaiah 49:10). 4. מָקוֹר, makor' (so called from having been opened by digging), an artificial source of flowing water, used both literally and figuratively, but mostly in such phrases as fountains of life" (Proverbs 13:14), "fountain of wisdom" (Proverbs 18:4), etc.; occasionally rendered "spring," "well, etc.

5. Improperly בּוֹר, bor, or בִּיַר, ba'yir (Jeremiah 6:7), which designates only a pit or standing water. (See WELL). The idea of a fountain is also implied in the phrase מוֹצָא מִיַם, motsa' ma'yim, or going forth of waters ("spring," 2 Kings 2:21; Psalms 107:33; Psalms 107:35; Isaiah 12:18; Isaiah 58:11; "course," 2 Chronicles 32:30); as likewise in גִּל, gal (from its roll ing down the water), or גֻּלָּה, gullah', a purling stream or overflowing fountain ("spring," Song of Solomon 4:12; Joshua 15:19; Judges 1:15). (See TOPOGRAPHICAL TERMS).

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Bibliography Information
McClintock, John. Strong, James. Entry for 'Fountain'. Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature. https://www.studylight.org/​encyclopedias/​eng/​tce/​f/fountain.html. Harper & Brothers. New York. 1870.
 
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