Lectionary Calendar

Tuesday, July 1st, 2025
the Week of Proper 8 / Ordinary 13

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Bible Lexicons

Old Testament Hebrew Lexical DictionaryHebrew Lexicon

Strong's #3637 - כָּלַם

Transliteration

kâlam

Phonetics

kaw-lawm'

Origin

a primitive root

Parts of Speech

verb

TWOT

987

Definition

Brown-Driver-Briggs
Strong

Brown-Driver-Briggs' Definition

to insult, shame, humiliate, blush, be ashamed, be put to shame, be reproached, be put to confusion, be humiliated
1. (Niphal)
  1. to be humiliated, be ashamed
  2. to be put to shame, be dishonoured, be confounded
2. (Hiphil)
  1. to put to shame, insult, humiliate, cause shame to
  2. to exhibit shame
3. (Hophal)
  1. to be insulted, be humiliated
  2. to be put to shame, be dishonoured, be confounded

Greek Equivalent Words:

Strong #: 819 ‑ ἀτιμία (at‑ee‑mee'‑ah); 2635 ‑ καταλαλέω (kat‑al‑al‑eh'‑o); 3679 ‑ ὀνειδίζω (on‑i‑did'‑zo); 818 ‑ ἀτιμάζω (at‑im‑ad'‑zo); 2617 ‑ καταισχύνω (kat‑ahee‑skhoo'‑no); 153 ‑ αἰσχύνομαι (ahee‑skhoo'‑nom‑ahee); 821 ‑ ἀτιμόω (at‑ee‑mo'‑o); 1578 ‑ ἐκκλίνω (ek‑klee'‑no); 1788 ‑ ἐντρέπω (en‑trep'‑o); 2851 ‑ κόλασις (kol'‑as‑is); 2869 ‑ κοπάζω (kop‑ad'‑zo); 3837 ‑ πανταχοῦ (pan‑takh‑oo');

Frequency Lists

Book
Word

Verse Results

ASV (37)

Numbers 1

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 3

2 Samuel 2

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Ezra 1

Job 2

Psalms 6

Proverbs 2

Isaiah 5

Jeremiah 6

Ezekiel 6

BSB (38)

Numbers 1

Judges 1

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 3

2 Samuel 2

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Ezra 1

Job 2

Psalms 6

Proverbs 2

Isaiah 5

Jeremiah 6

Ezekiel 6

CSB (34)

Numbers 1

Judges 1

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 3

2 Samuel 2

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Ezra 1

Job 2

Psalms 6

Proverbs 2

Isaiah 5

Jeremiah 6

Ezekiel 6

ESV (37)

Numbers 1

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 3

2 Samuel 2

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Ezra 1

Job 2

Psalms 6

Proverbs 2

Isaiah 5

Jeremiah 6

Ezekiel 6

KJV (38)

Numbers 1

Judges 1

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 3

2 Samuel 2

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Ezra 1

Job 2

Psalms 6

Proverbs 2

Isaiah 5

Jeremiah 6

Ezekiel 6

LEB (38)

Numbers 1

Judges 1

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 3

2 Samuel 2

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Ezra 1

Job 2

Psalms 6

Proverbs 2

Isaiah 5

Jeremiah 6

Ezekiel 6

LSB (51)

Numbers 2

Judges 1

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 3

2 Samuel 2

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Ezra 1

Job 2

Psalms 8

Proverbs 2

Isaiah 6

Jeremiah 10

Ezekiel 11

N95 (35)

Numbers 2

Judges 1

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 3

2 Samuel 2

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Ezra 1

Job 2

Proverbs 2

Isaiah 6

Jeremiah 6

Ezekiel 7

NAS (46)

Numbers 2

Judges 1

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 3

2 Samuel 2

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Ezra 1

Job 2

Psalms 9

Proverbs 2

Isaiah 6

Jeremiah 6

Ezekiel 7

NLT (0)

The World English Bible
did not use
this Strong's Number

WEB (38)

Numbers 1

Judges 1

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 3

2 Samuel 2

1 Chronicles 1

2 Chronicles 1

Ezra 1

Job 2

Psalms 6

Proverbs 2

Isaiah 5

Jeremiah 6

Ezekiel 6

ASV (37)

against thee shall be put to shame 1

and be ashamed 1

and blush 1

and brought to dishonor 3

and brought us to dishonor 1

and confounded 2

and if they be ashamed 1

and mayest be ashamed 1

and reproach her not 1

ashamed 3

had done him shame 1

hath put thee to shame 1

have now been with us, and we did them no hurt 1

have ye reproached 1

me; therefore have i not been confounded 1

neither be thou confounded 1

shall no man make thee ashamed 1

shameth 1

should she not be ashamed 1

that are ashamed 2

that they may be ashamed 1

thee be brought to dishonor 1

they are put to shame 1

they blush 2

they shall be put to shame 1

to be ashamed 1

unto us, and we were not hurt 1

were ashamed 1

ye shall not be put to shame 1

yea, even confounded 1

BSB (38)

and be ashamed 2

and disgraced 2

and embarrassed 1

and humbled us 1

and humiliated 4

and put to shame 1

be dishonored 1

be humiliated 1

been disgraced 1

disgraces 1

harass them 1

harassed 1

have been in disgrace 1

how to blush 1

humiliated 4

in humiliation 1

in shame 1

insult her 1

lacking 1

or humiliated 1

puts you to shame 1

rebuke 1

shameful treatment 1

so that they may be ashamed 1

they are ashamed 1

to be ashamed 1

to blush 1

were ashamed 1

who were ashamed 1

you have reproached me 1

CSB (34)

ashamed 5

be humiliated 1

been humiliated 1

disgrace 1

disgraced 1

embarrassed 2

harass 1

harassed 1

humiliate 1

humiliated 10

humiliated me 1

humiliated us 1

humiliates 1

humiliates you 1

in shame 1

lacking 1

or humiliated 1

shameful 1

to be ashamed 1

to humiliate you 1

ESV (37)

ashamed 10

blush 3

brought to dishonor 3

cast reproach 1

confounded 8

disgraced 2

disgraced him 1

dishonor 1

harm 1

reproach 1

shame 3

shamed 1

shames 1

suffered 1

KJV (38)

ashamed 12

blush 3

confounded 11

confusion 1

hurt 2

reproach 1

reproached 1

shame 6

shameth 1

LEB (38)

and be put to shame 1

and disgraced us 1

and embarrassed 1

and humiliated 5

and lacking 1

and let them be ashamed 1

and they are confounded 1

and you may be put to shame 1

and you will be ashamed 1

ashamed 1

be confounded 1

be humiliated 1

been put to shame 1

disgraced 1

had disgraced him 1

humiliated 3

let 1

mistreat them 1

mistreated 1

put you to shame⌋ 1

puts 1

reproach her 1

they are ashamed 1

to be ashamed 1

to feel humiliated 2

was disgraced 1

were disgraced 1

who were ashamed 1

will shame 1

would she 1

you have disgraced me 1

LSB (51)

ashamed 2

bear 1

brought 1

dishonor 12

dishonored 19

dishonoring 1

feel 10

humiliated 1

humiliates 2

rebuke 1

to 1

N95 (35)

ashamed 7

bear 1

blush 2

confounded 1

disgraced 1

dishonored 2

embarrassed 1

feel 2

humiliated 9

humiliates 2

humiliating 1

insult 1

insulted 3

rebuke 1

shame 1

NAS (46)

ashamed 9

brought 1

disgraced 1

dishonor 1

dishonored 6

feel 2

harmed 2

humiliated 13

humiliates 2

humiliating 1

insult 1

insulted 2

put 1

rebuke 1

shame 1

to 2

NLT (0)

The World English Bible
did not use
this Strong's Number

WEB (38)

and be ashamed 1

and blush 1

and brought to dishonor 2

and confounded 3

and may be ashamed 1

ashamed 3

had done him shame 1

if they be ashamed 1

in disgrace 1

neither be confounded 1

shall no man make you ashamed 1

shames 1

shames you 1

that might put them to shame 1

that they may be ashamed 1

they are disappointed 1

they blush 2

to be ashamed 1

were ashamed 1

who are ashamed 2

you be brought to dishonor 1

you have reproached 1

you will not be disappointed 1

Ancient Hebrew Lexicon Definitions

2261) m l k (כלמ KLM) AC: ? CO: ? AB: Shame

V) m l k (כלמ KLM) - Shame: KJV (38): (vf: Niphal, Hiphil, Hophal) ashamed, confound, shame, blush, hurt, reproach, confusion - Strongs: H3637 (כָּלַם)

b^f1) e m i l k (כלימה KLYMH) - Shame: KJV (30): shame, confusion, dishonour, reproach - Strongs: H3639 (כְּלִמָּה)

b^f3) t f m i l k (כלימות KLYMWT) - Shame: KJV (1): shame - Strongs: H3640 (כְּלִמּוּת)

Brown-Driver-Briggs Expanded Definition

[כָּלַם] verb only

Niph`al, Hoph`al be humiliated,

Hiph`il humiliate (Late Hebrew Hiph`il, id.; Aramaic כְּלַם Aph`el, Ithpe`el; Arabic is wound; also speak to, converse with); —

Niph`al Perfect 2 feminine singular וְנִכְלַמְתְּ consecutive Jeremiah 22:22 2t.; 1 singular נִכְלַמְתִּי Jeremiah 31:19; Ezra 9:6, נִכְלָ֑מְתִּי Isaiah 50:7; 3 plural נִכְלְמוּ Isaiah 45:16 2t.; Imperfect 3 feminine singular תִּכָּלֵם Numbers 12:14; 2 feminine singular תִּכָּֽלְמִי Isaiah 54:4; 3 masculine plural יִכָּֽלְמוּ Isaiah 41:11 5t.; 2 masculine plural תִּכָּֽלְמוּ Isaiah 45:17; Imperative masculine plural הִכָּֽלְמוּ Ezekiel 36:32; Infinitive construct הִכָּלֵם Jeremiah 3:3; Jeremiah 8:12; Participle נִכְלָם Psalm 74:21; masculine plural נִכְלָמִים 2 Samuel 10:5 2t.; feminine plural נִכְלָמוֺת Ezekiel 16:27>; — be humiliated, ashamed, put to shame, dishonoured, confounded:

1 be humiliated, ashamed, before men Numbers 12:14 (E), 2 Samuel 10:5 = 1 Chronicles 19:5; 2 Samuel 19:4, compare Psalm 74:21; before enemies (by defeat, etc.) Isaiah 45:17 ("" בושׁ), Isaiah 50:7; Isaiah 54:4 ("" בושׁ, חפר); before God, followed by לְ infinitive, וְנִכְלַמְתִּיאֱלֹהַי לְהָרִים מָּנַי אֵלֶיךָ Ezra 9:6 ("" בושׁ); Jeremiah 3:3; Ezekiel 16:27,54 ("" נָשָׂא כְלִמָּה), Ezekiel 43:10,11 (all + מִן causative) Ezekiel 16:61, so probably Levites, at Hezekiah's reforms 2 Chronicles 30:5.

2 be put to shame, dishonoured, confounded, by judgments of ׳י, all "" בושׁ: Jeremiah 22:22 (מִן of cause), Ezekiel 36:32 ( id.), Jeremiah 31:19 (כִּי of cause), Jeremiah 8:12; Isaiah 41:11; Isaiah 45:16 (+ הָלַךְ בַּכְּלִמָּה), Psalm 35:4; Psalm 69:7; + חפר Psalm 40:15; Psalm 70:3.

Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix הִכְּלִמוֺ 1 Samuel 20:34; 3 masculine plural suffix הֶכְלַמְנוּם (Ges^{§ 53}, 3 R. 6) 1 Samuel 25:7; Imperfect יַכְלִים Proverbs 28:7; 2 masculine singular suffix וַתַּכְלִימֵנוּ Psalm 44:10; 2 masculine plural suffix תַּכְלִימוּנִי Job 19:3, מֿוּהָ Ruth 2:15; Infinitive construct הַכְלִים Jeremiah 6:15; Proverbs 25:8; Participle מַכְלִים Judges 18:7 (but see below), מַכְלִם Job 11:3; —

1 put to shame = insult, humiliate, with accusative 1 Samuel 20:34; 1 Samuel 25:7 (compare Hoph`al 1 Samuel 25:15) Ruth 2:15; Job 19:3; humiliate by rebuke Job 11:3; humiliate by defeat Proverbs 25:8; Psalm 44:10; cause shame to Proverbs 28:7; — Judges 18:7 is corrupt (see Be VB GFM; Be proposes מַחְסוֺר כלדֿבר there was no lack of anything, for ᵑ0׳מַכְלִים ד; GFM conjectures מְכַלֵּאמִדָּבָר there is no one to restrain (us) from anything in the land).

2 exhibit shame Jeremiah 6:15 ("" בוֺשׁ).

Hoph`al Perfect

1 1 plural לֹא הָכְלַמְנוּ 1 Samuel 25:15 we were not insulted, humiliated (compare Hiph`il 1).

2 3 plural חָכְלְמוּ Jeremiah 14:3 they were put to shame, dishonoured, confounded ("" בושׁ).

Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Definition

כָּלַם unused in Kal, pr. to wound; like the Arab. كلم Conj. I. II.; comp. Sansc. klam, to be exhausted, fatigued, whence perhaps is the Lat. calumnia. A similar figurative use is certainly found in Hebrew, [“like many other words implying, to pierce, to prick, to cut, such as נָקַב, גִּדֵּף”].

Hiphil הִכְּלִים and הֶכְלִים (1 Samuel 25:7).

(1) to reproach, pr. to hurt some one, 1 Samuel 20:34.

(2) to treat shamefully, to injure, 1 Samuel 25:7; Judges 18:7.

(3) to put any one to shame, Job 11:3; Proverbs 25:8; Psalms 44:10. This verb is stronger than the synonym בּוֹשׁ Hi. הוֹבִישׁ; comp. Isaiah 45:16, 16 Isaiah 45:16; Jeremiah 31:19, and see Reimarus de Differentiis, vcc. Hebr. Diss. I. p. 67, sq.

Hophal

(1) to be hurt, injured, 1 Samuel 25:15.

(2) to be made ashamed (through disappointed hope), Jeremiah 14:3 comp. Niph.

Niphal

(1) to be insulted, disgraced, 2 Samuel 10:5; 1 Chronicles 19:5.

(2) to be put to shame, befchämt daftehn, zu Schanden werden, Jeremiah 31:19 often used of one who fails in his endeavours, Psalms 35:4, 40:15 70:3 74:21 also to be ashamed, i.q. בּוֹשׁ, Numbers 12:14 followed by מִן of cause, Ezekiel 16:27, 54 Ezekiel 16:54 followed by כּ, Psalms 69:7.

Derivatives כְּלִמָּה, כְּלִמּוּת.

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List of Word Forms

בְּהַכְלִ֖ים בהכלים הִכְלִמ֖וֹ הִכָּלֵֽם׃ הֶכְלַמְנ֗וּם הַכְלִים֙ הַנִּכְלָמ֖וֹת הַנִּכְלָמִ֔ים הָכְלַ֙מְנוּ֙ הכלים הכלם׃ הכלמו הכלמנו הכלמנום הנכלמות הנכלמים וְהִכָּלְמ֛וּ וְהִכָּלֵם֙ וְהָכְלְמ֖וּ וְיִכָּ֣לְמ֔וּ וְיִכָּלְמ֑וּ וְיִכָּלְמ֖וּ וְיִכָּלְמוּ֮ וְנִכְלַ֔מְתְּ וְנִכְלַ֔מְתִּי וְנִכְלַ֕מְתְּ וְנִכְלַמְתְּ֒ וַתַּכְלִימֵ֑נוּ והכלם והכלמו ויכלמו ונכלמת ונכלמתי ותכלימנו יִכָּ֣לְמוּ יַכְלִ֥ים יכלים יכלמו מַכְלִ֨ים מַכְלִֽם׃ מכלים מכלם׃ נִכְלְמ֖וּ נִכְלְמ֞וּ נִכְלְמוּ֙ נִכְלַ֔מְתִּי נִכְלָ֑ם נִכְלָ֑מְתִּי נִכְלָמִ֣ים נכלם נכלמו נכלמים נכלמתי תִּכָּלְמִ֖י תִכָּלְמ֖וּ תִכָּלֵ֖ם תַּכְלִימ֑וּנִי תַכְלִימֽוּהָ׃ תכלימוה׃ תכלימוני תכלם תכלמו תכלמי bə·haḵ·lîm behachLim bəhaḵlîm hā·ḵə·lam·nū hacheLamnu hachLim haḵ·lîm hāḵəlamnū haḵlîm han·niḵ·lā·mîm han·niḵ·lā·mō·wṯ hannichlaMim hannichlaMot hanniḵlāmîm hanniḵlāmōwṯ hechlamNum heḵ·lam·nūm heḵlamnūm hichliMo hik·kā·lêm hiḵ·li·mōw hikkaLem hikkālêm hiḵlimōw machLim maḵ·lim maḵ·lîm maḵlim maḵlîm nichLam nichLameti nichlaMim nichLamti nichleMu niḵ·lā·mə·tî niḵ·lā·mîm niḵ·lām niḵ·lam·tî niḵ·lə·mū niḵlām niḵlāmətî niḵlāmîm niḵlamtî niḵləmū tachliMuha tachliMuni ṯaḵ·lî·mū·hā taḵ·lî·mū·nî ṯaḵlîmūhā taḵlîmūnî tik·kā·lə·mî ṯik·kā·lə·mū ṯik·kā·lêm tikkaLem ṯikkālêm tikkāləmî ṯikkāləmū tikkalMi tikkalMu vattachliMenu vehacheleMu vehikkaLem vehikkalMu venichLamt venichLamti veyikkalMu wat·taḵ·lî·mê·nū wattaḵlîmênū wə·hā·ḵə·lə·mū wə·hik·kā·lə·mū wə·hik·kā·lêm wə·niḵ·lam·tî wə·niḵ·lamt wə·yik·kā·lə·mū wəhāḵələmū wəhikkālêm wəhikkāləmū wəniḵlamt wəniḵlamtî wəyikkāləmū yachLim yaḵ·lîm yaḵlîm yik·kā·lə·mū yikkāləmū yikKalmu