Lectionary Calendar

Saturday, December 21st, 2024
the Third Week of Advent

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Bible Lexicons

Old Testament Hebrew Lexical DictionaryHebrew Lexicon

Strong's #8199 - שָׁפַט

Transliteration

shâphaṭ

Phonetics

shaw-fat'

Origin

a primitive root

Parts of Speech

verb

TWOT

2443

Definition

Brown-Driver-Briggs
Strong

Brown-Driver-Briggs' Definition

to judge, govern, vindicate, punish
1. (Qal)
  1. to act as law-giver or judge or governor (of God, man)
    1. to rule, govern, judge
  2. to decide controversy (of God, man)
  3. to execute judgment
    1. discriminating (of man)
    2. vindicating
    3. condemning and punishing
    4. at theophanic advent for final judgment
2. (Niphal)
  1. to enter into controversy, plead, have controversy together
  2. to be judged
3. (Poel) judge, opponent-at-law (participle)

Greek Equivalent Words:

Strong #: 757 ‑ ἄρχω (ar'‑kho); 1325 ‑ δίδωμι (did'‑o‑mee); 1348 ‑ δικαστής (dik‑as‑tace'); 1377 ‑ διώκω (dee‑o'‑ko); 1557 ‑ ἐκδίκησις (ek‑dik'‑ay‑sis); 1679 ‑ ἐλπίζω (el‑pid'‑zo); 2186 ‑ ἐφίστημι (ef‑is'‑tay‑mee); 2609 ‑ κατάγω (kat‑ag'‑o); 2614 ‑ καταδιώκω (kat‑ad‑ee‑o'‑ko); 2902 ‑ κρατέω (krat‑eh'‑o); 2923 ‑ κριτής (kree‑tace'); 518 ‑ ἀπαγγέλλω (ap‑ang‑el'‑lo); 1344 ‑ δικαιόω (dik‑ah‑yo'‑o); 1252 ‑ διακρίνω (dee‑ak‑ree'‑no); 2920 ‑ κρίσις (kree'‑sis); 1556 ‑ ἐκδικέω (ek‑dik‑eh'‑o);

Frequency Lists

Book
Word

Verse Results

ASV (201)

Genesis 5

Exodus 8

Leviticus 1

Numbers 2

Deuteronomy 10

Joshua 3

Judges 21

Ruth 2

1 Samuel 15

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 5

2 Kings 3

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 10

Ezra 1

Job 6

Psalms 31

Proverbs 3

Ecclesiastes 1

Isaiah 15

Jeremiah 4

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 30

Daniel 2

Hosea 2

Joel 2

Amos 1

Obadiah 1

Micah 4

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 2

BSB (199)

Genesis 5

Exodus 8

Leviticus 1

Numbers 2

Deuteronomy 11

Joshua 3

Judges 21

Ruth 2

1 Samuel 15

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 5

2 Kings 3

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 10

Ezra 1

Job 6

Psalms 32

Proverbs 4

Ecclesiastes 1

Isaiah 15

Jeremiah 4

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 29

Daniel 2

Hosea 2

Joel 2

Amos 1

Obadiah 1

Micah 4

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 2

CSB (183)

Genesis 4

Exodus 8

Leviticus 1

Numbers 2

Deuteronomy 10

Joshua 3

Judges 21

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 15

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 5

2 Kings 3

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 10

Ezra 1

Job 6

Psalms 32

Proverbs 4

Ecclesiastes 1

Isaiah 15

Jeremiah 4

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 28

Daniel 1

Hosea 2

Joel 2

Amos 1

Obadiah 1

Micah 4

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 2

ESV (203)

Genesis 5

Exodus 8

Leviticus 1

Numbers 2

Deuteronomy 11

Joshua 3

Judges 21

Ruth 2

1 Samuel 15

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 5

2 Kings 3

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 10

Ezra 1

Job 6

Psalms 32

Proverbs 5

Ecclesiastes 1

Isaiah 15

Jeremiah 4

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 29

Daniel 2

Hosea 2

Joel 2

Amos 1

Micah 4

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 2

KJV (203)

Genesis 5

Exodus 8

Leviticus 1

Numbers 2

Deuteronomy 11

Joshua 3

Judges 21

Ruth 2

1 Samuel 15

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 5

2 Kings 3

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 10

Ezra 1

Job 6

Psalms 32

Proverbs 4

Ecclesiastes 1

Isaiah 15

Jeremiah 4

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 29

Daniel 2

Hosea 2

Joel 2

Amos 1

Obadiah 1

Micah 4

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 2

LEB (199)

Genesis 4

Exodus 8

Leviticus 1

Numbers 2

Deuteronomy 11

Joshua 3

Judges 20

Ruth 1

1 Samuel 15

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 5

2 Kings 3

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 10

Ezra 1

Job 6

Psalms 32

Proverbs 4

Ecclesiastes 1

Isaiah 15

Jeremiah 4

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 28

Daniel 2

Hosea 2

Joel 2

Amos 1

Obadiah 1

Micah 4

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 2

LSB (239)

Genesis 9

Exodus 8

Leviticus 1

Numbers 2

Deuteronomy 12

Joshua 3

Judges 21

Ruth 2

1 Samuel 17

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 6

2 Kings 3

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 11

Ezra 1

Job 6

Psalms 38

Proverbs 7

Ecclesiastes 1

Isaiah 17

Jeremiah 8

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 38

Daniel 2

Hosea 2

Joel 4

Amos 1

Obadiah 1

Micah 5

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 2

N95 (188)

Genesis 6

Exodus 8

Leviticus 1

Numbers 2

Deuteronomy 12

Joshua 3

Judges 21

Ruth 2

1 Samuel 15

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 6

2 Kings 3

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 11

Ezra 1

Job 7

Proverbs 5

Ecclesiastes 1

Isaiah 17

Jeremiah 6

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 34

Daniel 2

Hosea 2

Joel 3

Amos 1

Obadiah 1

Micah 5

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 2

NAS (234)

Genesis 6

Exodus 8

Leviticus 1

Numbers 2

Deuteronomy 12

Joshua 3

Judges 21

Ruth 2

1 Samuel 15

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 6

2 Kings 3

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 11

Ezra 1

Job 6

Psalms 32

Proverbs 5

Ecclesiastes 1

Isaiah 17

Jeremiah 6

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 34

Daniel 2

Hosea 2

Joel 3

Amos 1

Obadiah 1

Micah 5

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 2

NLT (0)

The World English Bible
did not use
this Strong's Number

WEB (202)

Genesis 5

Exodus 8

Leviticus 1

Numbers 2

Deuteronomy 11

Joshua 3

Judges 21

Ruth 2

1 Samuel 15

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 5

2 Kings 3

1 Chronicles 5

2 Chronicles 10

Ezra 1

Job 6

Psalms 30

Proverbs 4

Ecclesiastes 1

Isaiah 15

Jeremiah 4

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 30

Daniel 2

Hosea 2

Joel 2

Amos 1

Obadiah 1

Micah 4

Zephaniah 1

Zechariah 2

ASV (201)

according to mine ordinances 1

against thee, and will judge 1

against us, and against our judges 1

among them, when i shall judge thee 1

and a judge 1

and all judges 1

and deliver 1

and for their judges 2

and give sentence 1

and he had judged 1

and he judged 8

and he shall not judge 1

and he will judge 3

and he will needs 1

and i will execute judgment 1

and i will judge 2

and judge 3

and judges 3

and let them judge 1

and none pleadeth 1

and the judge 1

and the judges 3

and their judges 1

and there he judged 1

and there will i enter into judgment 1

and they judged 1

and they shall judge 1

and thy judges 2

and to the judges 1

and unto the judge 1

and will enter into judgment 1

away from me. behold, i will enter into judgment 1

be a judge 1

be judge 1

be judged 1

behold, i judge 1

but it came to pass, when the judge 1

came upon him, and he judged 1

can he judge 1

do they not judge 1

do ye judge 1

execute 2

execute judgment 1

for thou wilt judge 1

for thyself, that thou mayest judge 1

for who can judge 1

for ye judge 1

from my judge 1

from thee: shall not the judge 1

had judged 1

hath a controversy 1

hath avenged 2

he judgeth 1

he will enter into judgment 1

he will judge 3

her judges 1

him from them that judge 1

him that i will judge 1

him when he is judged 1

how long will ye judge 1

i judged them 1

i will judge 2

is judge 1

is our judge 1

is the judge 1

judge 13

judge between me and thee 1

judged 7

judges 6

judgeth 1

judging 4

let us plead 1

like as i entered into judgment 1

may judge 1

not unto their judges 1

of the judge 1

of the judges 3

or unto the judge 1

seeing he judgeth 1

shall he judge 1

shall judge 2

shall they judge 2

shalt thou judge 1

she judged 1

so will i enter into judgment 1

that i may plead 1

that judged 2

that judgeth 1

that the judge 1

the judge 4

the judges 1

their judges 2

them up judges 1

them, and they shall judge 1

therefore i will judge 1

thereof judge 1

thereof; i will judge 1

they judge 1

they judged themselves 1

they shall judge 2

they were judges 1

thy judges 1

thyself, thou judge 1

time, i will judge 1

to judge 12

to my judge 1

to the judges 1

unto me; and i judge 1

unto the judges 1

unto them: behold, i, even i, will judge 1

upon thee, and will judge 1

upon you, and judge 1

was executing judgment 1

was with the judge 1

when he is judged 1

when the judges 1

when thou judgest 1

where he was to judge 1

who judgest 1

will i enter into judgment 1

will i judge 1

will i judge thee 1

will judge 1

wilt thou judge 5

wilt thou not judge 1

ye judges 1

your judges 1

BSB (199)

a judge 2

administer 1

and decide 1

and deliver me 1

and execute judgment 1

and governed 1

and he is already acting like a judge 1

and he judged 1

and i will judge 1

and i will judge them 1

and i will sentence you 1

and judge 3

and judge you 1

and judges 6

and samson judged 1

and the judge 1

and the rulers 1

and they judged 1

and they will punish you 1

as judges 2

be judged 1

brings judgment 1

but i will judge 1

decide 1

defend 2

defend the cause 1

defended 1

do you judge 1

does he judge 1

from my judge 1

from the condemners 1

goes to court 1

had given 1

had governed 1

had judged 2

has avenged him 1

has avenged you 1

have these men judge 1

he judged 1

he renders judgment 1

he was to judge 1

he will judge 3

her judges are 1

i could only beg my judge 1

i entered into judgment 1

i judge you 1

i judged them 1

i will enter into judgment 3

i will execute judgment 1

i will judge 6

i will judge you 3

ibzan judged 1

is able to govern 1

is judge 1

is our judge 1

its judges 1

judge 10

judged 6

judges 9

judging 3

let us argue the matter 1

may he vindicate 1

may you judge 2

me judge 1

must judge 1

o judge 1

o judges 1

of judges 1

of the judges 1

of the leaders 1

our rulers 1

pleads his case 1

ruled 1

rulers 1

so that i may confront 1

that judge 1

the judge 8

the judges 3

the ruler 1

the rulers 1

their judges 1

their rulers 1

then he will judge 2

they are to judge 1

they can judge 1

they were judges 1

they would judge 1

to be judged 1

to govern 3

to judge 7

to judge us 3

to rule over 1

to the judges 1

to vindicate 1

tola judged 1

under judgment 1

vindicate 1

vindicate me 4

was executing judgment 1

was judging 1

when he is tried 1

when the judges 1

when their rulers 1

when you judge 1

while the judge 1

who govern 1

who judged 1

who judges 4

will bring justice 1

will execute judgment 1

will judge 4

will sentence 1

will you judge 2

will you judge her 1

will you judge them 1

will you pass judgment 2

you are to judge 1

you judge 1

you to judge 1

your judges 2

CSB (183)

confront 1

decide 3

decision 1

defend 2

defended 1

deliver 1

delivered 2

disputes 2

given 1

governing 2

him 1

into judgment 2

its judges 1

judge 61

judge you 2

judged 21

judges 27

judging 1

judgment 11

justice 2

my judge 1

our judge 1

rulers 2

rulings 1

the judge 13

the judges 5

the rulers 1

their rulers 1

to court 1

vindicate 4

vindicate me 1

when he is judged 1

when you judge 1

who judges 1

will bring justice 1

will execute judgment 1

you judges 1

your judges 1

ESV (203)

accuser 1

argue 1

argument 1

become 1

bring justice 2

cause 1

condemn 1

decide 3

decide between 1

decided 1

defend 1

deliver 1

delivered 2

enter into judgment 5

execute judgment 1

executing judgment 1

give justice 1

give sentence 1

giving 1

govern 5

governing 2

judge 77

judged 22

judges 36

judging 2

judgment 8

justice 1

justly 1

plead 2

pleadeth 1

pronounce 1

punish 1

render 2

rendered 1

ruled 2

ruler 1

rulers 6

trial 1

tried 1

vindicate 3

KJV (203)

avenged 2

condemn 1

contendeth 1

defend 1

deliver 1

execute 2

judge 103

judged 28

judges 37

judgest 2

judgeth 5

judging 4

judgment 2

needs 1

plead 9

pleaded 1

pleadeth 1

reason 1

ruled 1

LEB (199)

⌊may he vindicate me against you⌋ 1

⌊the judges ruled⌋ 1

am about to judge 1

and a judge 1

and as judges 1

and he acts as a judge 1

and he judged 6

and he shall judge 1

and he will judge 1

and i judge 1

and i will argue ⌊a case 1

and i will enter into judgment 1

and i will execute justice 2

and i will judge 4

and judge 1

and judges 1

and judges of 1

and let him judge 1

and let them judge 1

and the judge 1

and the judges 1

and the judges judge with respect to them 1

and then judge 1

and they judged 1

and they will judge 1

and to the judges 1

and you shall judge 1

and you shall render for 1

and your judges 1

are your judges 1

as judges 1

but he shall judge 1

can he judge 1

can judge 1

defend 3

do you judge 1

employing my judgments they shall judge it 1

enters into judgment 1

even i will judge 1

for us to judge us 1

from my judge 1

goes to court 1

governing 1

had judged over 1

had rendered 1

has vindicated 2

he administers judgment 1

he had judged 1

he judged 4

he shall judge 1

he will judge 2

he would pronounce judgment 1

her judges 1

him be condemned when he is judged 1

himself is judge 1

i executed justice 1

i judge you 1

i judged them 1

i will execute justice 1

i will judge them 1

i will judge you 5

is entering into judgment 1

is our judge 1

is the judge 1

judge 14

judge me 1

judge them 1

judge⌋ 1

judged 6

judges 7

judges of 2

judging 4

leaders 1

leaders for them 1

let 1

let us enter into judgment 1

look! i am judging 1

look, i am entering into judgment with you 1

may he provide justice for 1

may rule 1

me as judge 1

my judge 1

o judge of 1

o rulers of 1

our rulers 1

practice 1

ruled us 1

rulers of 1

since he 1

so that i may judge 1

the judge 2

the judge of 1

the judges 2

the judges of 2

the leader 2

the ruler 1

the ruler of 1

their judges 1

their leaders 1

their rulers 1

then judges 1

then the judge 1

they were judges 1

they will judge 1

they will judge you 1

they would judge 1

those judging 1

to judge 7

to judge us 1

to render judgment 1

to rule 1

vindicate 1

vindicate me 1

was judging 2

when he is judged 1

when the leader 1

when their judges 1

when you judge 1

who judges 4

will judge 5

will surely judge 1

will you judge 4

will you judge them 1

you and judge 1

you judge 1

you might judge 1

you shall judge 1

your judges 2

LSB (239)

a 1

acting 1

already 1

brought 1

down 1

enter 7

entered 1

entering 1

execute 3

executing 1

give 6

handed 1

into 8

is 1

judge 102

judged 27

judges 41

judging 5

judgment 13

justice 13

like 1

persistently 1

pronounce 1

render 1

N95 (188)

acting 1

already 1

argue 1

case 1

controversy 1

decide 2

defend 3

deliver 1

dispense 1

down 1

enter 6

entered 1

entering 1

execute 1

executing 1

freed 2

governed 1

handed 1

has 1

judge 82

judged 20

judges 35

judging 4

judgment 11

plead 1

pleads 1

pronounce 1

rule 2

ruled 1

rulers 2

NAS (234)

a 2

acting 1

already 1

argue 1

case 1

controversy 1

decide 2

defend 1

dispense 1

down 1

enter 7

entered 1

entering 1

execute 1

executing 1

freed 2

governed 1

handed 1

has 1

into 9

judge 98

judged 23

judges 39

judging 6

judgment 12

justice 2

like 1

obtain 2

pleads 1

pronounce 1

rule 2

ruled 1

rulers 2

save 1

vindicate 6

NLT (0)

The World English Bible
did not use
this Strong's Number

WEB (202)

according to my ordinances 1

and a judge 1

and all judges 1

and all the righteous rulers 1

and deliver 1

and for their judges 1

and give sentence 1

and he appoints 1

and he judged 4

and he will judge 1

and i will execute judgment 1

and i will judge 1

and its judges 1

and judge 4

and judges 2

and none pleads 1

and the judges 2

and the judges judge 1

and their judges 1

and there he judged 1

and there will i enter into judgment 1

and they shall judge 1

and to the judge 1

and to the judges 1

and will enter into judgment 1

and your judges 2

be judge 1

be judged 1

but you shall judge 1

can he judge 1

defend 1

do you judge 1

execute 1

execute judgment 1

for their judges 1

for who can judge 1

for you will judge 1

from my judge 1

goes to court 1

had judged 1

has avenged 2

he had judged 1

he judged 4

he judges 1

he makes judges 1

he will enter into judgment 1

he will judge 6

he will not judge 1

her judges 1

him from those who judge 1

him that i will judge 1

him when he is judged 1

himself a judge 1

himself is judge 1

how long will you judge 1

i judged them 1

i will judge 4

is our judge 1

is the judge 1

judge 9

judge between me and you 1

judged 7

judges 7

judging 4

let them judge 1

let us plead 1

like as i entered into judgment 1

may judge 1

of its judges 1

of the judge 1

of the judges 2

or to the judge 1

please judge 1

shall judge 2

shall they judge 2

she judged 1

since he judges 1

so will i enter into judgment 1

that i may plead 1

that the judge 1

the judge 4

the judges 1

their judges 2

them up judges 1

therefore i will judge 1

they judged 1

they judged themselves 1

they shall judge 2

they were judges 1

to judge 12

to my judge 1

to the judges 2

to their judges 1

vindicate 2

was executing judgment 1

was with the judge 1

when he is judged 1

when the judges 1

when you judge 1

where he was to judge 1

who judged 2

who judges 2

will i enter into judgment 1

will i judge 1

will i judge you 1

will judge 1

will you judge 5

will you not judge 1

you judge 1

you judges 1

your judges 2

Ancient Hebrew Lexicon Definitions

2864) u p s (סהפתה ShPTh) AC: Judge CO: ? AB: Judgment: Rulings over cases as well as the action of deciding a case.

V) u p s (סהפתה ShPTh) - Judge: To rule over cases of dispute or wrong doing. [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (204): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Participle) judge, plead, avenge, condemn, execute, judgment, defend, deliver, magistrate - Strongs: H8199 (שָׁפַט), H8200 (שְׁפַט)

N^m) u p s (סהפתה ShPTh) - Judgment: KJV (16): judgment - Strongs: H8201 (שֶׁפֶט)

c^m) u f p s (סהפותה ShPWTh) - Judgment: KJV (2): judgment - Strongs: H8196 (שְׁפוּט)

d^m) u f p s (סהפותה ShPWTh) - Judgment: KJV (2): judgment - Strongs: H8196 (שְׁפוּט)

h^m) u p s m (מסהפתה MShPTh) - Judgment: KJV (421): judgment, manner, right, cause, ordinance, lawful, order, worthy, fashion, custom, discretion, law, measure, sentence - Strongs: H4941 (מִשְׁפָּט)

ef^m) i u p i s (סהיפתהי ShYPThY) - Sheriff: [Aramaic only] KJV (2): sheriff - Strongs: H8614 (תִּפְתָּי)

Brown-Driver-Briggs Expanded Definition

שָׁפַט₁₈₅ verb Judges , govern (Late Hebrew in derivatives; Phoenician שפט = שֹׁפֵט, also in proper name; Punic sufet Lzb³⁸¹; Biblical Aramaic שָֽׁפְטִין; Assyrian šapâtu ( t = ת), synonym dânu (דִּין), judge Dl^{WB 684}, šip‰u (ט), probably judgment [and šapi‰u, caption?] Jen^{ZA iv (1889), 278f.}; on possible connection with Arabic

see Nö^{ZMG xi (1886), 724}; on usage of verb See Ferguson^{JBL viii (1888), 130 ff.}); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Judges 16:31 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁמֹּט Genesis 16:5, יִשְׁמּוֺט Isaiah 11:3; 3 masculine plural יִשְׁמְּטוּ Genesis 31:53 +, יִשְׁמּ֫וּטוּ Exodus 18:26 (Ki יִשְׁמּוּט֫וּ; compare Ges^{§ 47g}), etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁפוֺט Genesis 19:9; construct שְׁפֹט Ruth 1:1, לַשְׁמֹּט Exodus 8:13 +, etc.; Imperative שְׁפָטֿ Proverbs 31:9, שָׁפְטָה Psalm 82:8; Lamentations 3:59, שִׁפְטוּ Isaiah 1:17 +, שְׁפֹ֑טוּ Zechariah 7:9, etc.; Participle שֹׁפֵט 1 Samuel 3:13 +, etc.; —

1 act as law-giver, Judges , governor (giving law, deciding controversies and executing law, civil, religious, political, social; both early and late):

a. of God only, שֹׁפֵט כל הארץ Genesis 18:25 (J), "" מֶלֶךְ,מְחֹקֵק Isaiah 33:22.

b. of man, Genesis 19:9 (twice in verse) (J), Moses deciding cases Exodus 18:13 (E), making known statutes Exodus 18:16 (E); so his assistants Exodus 18:22; Exodus 18:22; Exodus 18:26; Exodus 18:26 (E), "" Deuteronomy 1:16; of שׁפטיישׂראל Numbers 25:5 (executioners); ׳י set שֹׁפְטִים over Israel Judges 2:16,18; 2 Samuel 7:11 = 1 Chronicles 17:10, to deliver Israel, שׁפט ישׂדאל Judges 3:10; Judges 4:4; Judges 10:2,39t. Judges; 1 Samuel 4:18; 1 Samuel 7:15,16,17; 2 Kings 23:22, compare 1 Samuel 7:6; Participle שֹׁפֵט as substantive also Judges 2:17,18,19; 1 Samuel 8:1,2; 2 Kings 23:22; ׳שֹׁפְטֵי יִשׂ 1 Chronicles 17:6 ("" 2 Samuel 7:7 שִׂבְטֵי), בִּימֵי שְׁפֹט הַשֹּׁפְטִים Ruth 1:1 (twice in verse) (compare מוֺשִׁיעִים Obadiah 21); שׁפט, "" מֶלֶךְ 1 Samuel 8:5,6,20; Hosea 7:7; Hosea 13:10; שֹׁפֵטישׂראל Micah 4:14 (= king); king judges people 1 Kings 3:9 (twice in verse) = 2 Chronicles 1:10; 1 Kings 15:5 2 Chronicles 26:21; 1:11; absolute 1 Kings 7:7; Isaiah 16:5; "" שׂרים Exodus 2:14 (E) Amos 2:3; Zephaniah 3:3; "" יוֺעַץ Isaiah 1:26; Job 12:17, compare Isaiah 3:2; שֹׁפְטֵי אָרֶץ Isaiah 40:23 ("" רוֺזְנִים), Proverbs 8:16 ("" שׂרים), Psalm 2:10; Psalm 148:11 ("" מלכים); שׁפטינו אשׁר שׁפטונו Daniel 9:12 (twice in verse).

2 specifically decide controversy, discriminate between Persons, in civil, political, domestic and religious questions:

a. of God Psalm 82:1: בֵּיןוּ֗֗֗בֵין׳שׁ Genesis 16:5 (J; domestic), Judges 11:27 (twice in verse); 1 Samuel 24:13; 1 Samuel 24:16 (all of war), Ezekiel 34:20 (relig.); with בֵּיןלְ֗֗֗ Ezekiel 34:17,22 (religious); with בֵּנֵינוּ Genesis 31:53 (E; domestic), Isaiah 2:4 = Micah 4:3 (of war); with בְּ 2 Chronicles 20:12 (war); with accusative 1 Kings 8:32 2 Chronicles 6:23; Ecclesiastes 3:17, condemning wicked and justifying righteous Job 21:22 ("" ידע), Job 23:7; absolute Exodus 5:21 (J) Job 22:13; צֶדֶק׳שׁ Jeremiah 11:20; Psalm 9:5; ׳י is שׁוֺפֵט צַדִּיק Psalm 7:12.

b. of man, בֵּיןוּ֗֗֗בֵין׳שׁ Exodus 18:16 (E) Numbers 35:24 (P) Deuteronomy 1:16 (all civil), Isaiah 5:3 (relig.); with accusative Leviticus 19:15 (H) Deuteronomy 25:1 (all civil), Ezekiel 20:4 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 22:2 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 23:36; מִשְׁמָּט׳שׁ Deuteronomy 16:18; 1 Kings 3:28 (Solomon); במשׁפטים Ezekiel 44:24, with ל 2 Chronicles 19:6; absolute Ezekiel 44:24; Isaiah 11:3 (king); influenced by bribes Micah 3:11; Micah 7:3; Job 9:24; Absalom desires to decide cases as שֹׁפֵט 2 Samuel 15:4 (implying lack of such in his time); according to 2 Chronicles 19:5. 6 Jehoshaphat set up שׁפטים, apparently for the first as judges in this specific sense; code of Deuteronomy recognizes them: הַשֹּׁפֵט declares דְּבַר הַמִּשְׁמָּט Deuteronomy 17:9,12; Deuteronomy 25:2; שׁפטים + שֹׁטְרִים Deuteronomy 16:18; 1 Chronicles 23:4; 1 Chronicles 26:29; Joshua 8:33 (+ זְקֵנִים), Joshua 23:2; Joshua 24:1 (D; both + זקנים, רָאשִׁים), + זקנים only Deuteronomy 21:2; Ezra 10:14, + כֹּהֲנִים Deuteronomy 19:17,18, שׂרים 2 Chronicles 1:2.

3 execute judgment:

a. discriminating, of man only, משׁפט אמת Zechariah 7:9, ׳מֵישָׁרִים שׁ Psalm 58:2 judge uprightly; משׁפט שׁלום Zechariah 8:16, צֶדֶק Proverbs 31:9, עָוֶל Psalm 82:2.

b. vindicating, with accusative: (I) subject God, יתום Psalm 10:18, accusative of person Psalm 26:1; Psalm 43:1; Psalm 58:12 (read שֹׁפְטָם for שׁפטים), משׁפט׳שׁ Lamentations 3:59; מִיַּד vindicate by delivering from hand of 1 Samuel 24:16; 2 Samuel 18:19,31; שָׁפְטֵנִיכְּ צִדְקִי ׳י Psalm 7:9; שָׁפְטֵנִי כְּ צִדְקְךָ Psalm 35:24. (2) subject Prayer of Manasseh , with accusative יתום Isaiah 1:17,23; דל(יםׅ Isaiah 11:4; Proverbs 29:14; Psalm 82:3; עניי עם Psalm 72:4; משׁפט אביונים Jeremiah 5:28.

c. condemning and punishing, (I) God ׳כְּדַרְכֵי פ according to ways of Ezekiel 7:3,8; Ezekiel 18:30; Ezekiel 24:14; Ezekiel 33:20; Ezekiel 36:19; במשׁפטים Ezekiel 7:27; Ezekiel 23:24; משׁפטי נאפות Ezekiel 16:38 (= Ezekiel 23:45 of human judges); with accusative 1 Samuel 3:13; Psalm 51:5; Ezekiel 11:10,11; Ezekiel 21:35; Ezekiel 35:11. (2) of Prayer of Manasseh , only שֹׁפְטֵי נַפְשׁוֺ Psalm 109:31 and Ezekiel 23:45 above, probably also Psalm 141:6 (corrupt).

d. at theophanic advent for final judgment: God is שֹׁפֵט Psalm 50:6; Psalm 75:8; שׁפט הארץ Psalm 94:2, with accusative בא לשׁפט הארץ Psalm 96:13 = 1 Chronicles 16:33; Psalm 98:9; הארץ׳שׁ Psalm 82:8; כל הנוים Joel 4:12; עמים Psalm 67:5; תבל Psalm 9:9; Psalm 96:13 = Psalm 98:9; מישׁרים׳שׁ Psalm 75:3.

Niph`al Perfect 1 singular נִשְׁמַּטְתִּי Ezekiel 20:36 4t.; Imperfect 1 singular אִשָּׁפֵט Ezekiel 20:36; אִשָּֽׁפְטָה 1 Samuel 12:7, etc.; Infinitive construct חִשָּׁפֵט 2 Chronicles 22:8; suffix הִשָּֽׁפְטוֺ Psalm 37:33; Psalm 109:7; Participle נִשְׁמָּט Isaiah 59:4 4t.; —

1 reciprocal, (Ges^{§ 51 d}), enter into controversy, plead: with אֵת with, of God Jeremiah 2:35; Ezekiel 17:20; Ezekiel 20:35,36 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 38:22; of Prayer of Manasseh 1Samuel 12:7 (+ וְאַגִּידָה לָכֶםᵐ5 We Dr Bu^Hpt Now), Proverbs 29:9; with עִם, of God Joel 4:2, of Prayer of Manasseh 2Chronicles 22:8; with ל, of God Jeremiah 25:31; יחד׳נשׁ Isaiah 43:26 have controversy together; באשׁ by fire (of God) Isaiah 66:16; באמונה Isaiah 59:4.

2 passive be judged, Psalm 9:20; Psalm 37:33; Psalm 109:7.

Pô`el Participle suffix מְשֹׁפְטִי (dubious; Hi Bu מִשְׁמָּטִי), = my apponent-at-law (Ges^{§ 55b}) Job 9:15; + Zf Job 3:15; Psalm 109:31 We and others

[שְׁפַט] verb judge (Biblical Hebrew שָׁפַט); — Participle as plural noun absolute שָֽׁפְמִין Ezra 7:25 judges.

שַׁמִּיר see שׁפר. below

Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Definition

שָׁפַט fut. יִשְׁפֹּט

(1) to judge. (A root which is not found in the other Phœnicio-Shemitic languages, the primary idea of which appears to be, to set up, to erect, like the Germ. richten, comp. the cognate roots שָׁפַת, שָׁבַט. Traces of it are found perhaps in the Indo-Germ. languages, as fcheffen, in Gloss. Mons. to judge; gefchefft, testament; Schöppe, judge.) Const. either absol. Job 22:13; Ezekiel 44:24 or followed by an acc. of pers. whose cause is judged, Exodus 18:22, 26 Exodus 18:26; Deuteronomy 16:18; Isaiah 11:4. שָׁפַט צֶדֶק Proverbs 31:9, and שׁ׳ מֵישָׁרִים Psalms 75:3, to do justice, equity. Ezekiel 16:38, שְׁפַטְתִּיךָ מִשְׁפְּטֵי נֹאֲפוֹת “I will judge thee (with) the judgments of adulteresses.” שׁ׳ בֵּין וּבֵין to be judge or umpire between, Genesis 16:5, 31:53 Isaiah 2:4. Part. שׁוֹפֵט subst. judge, Deuteronomy 16:18.

Specially (see דִּין No. 2 ) to judge any one is

(a) i.q. to condemn, to punish the guilty (κατακρίνω), 1 Samuel 3:13; Obadiah 1:21; Psalms 109:31 compare שְׁפוֹט.

(b) to defend any one’s cause, especially that of the poor and oppressed. Isaiah 1:17, שִׁפְטוּ יָתוֹ ם “defend the cause of the orphan.” Psalms 10:18, 26:1. שׁ׳ מִשְׁפַּט פּ׳ Jeremiah 5:28; Lamentations 3:59. Followed by מִן and מִיַּד pregn. to defend (any one’s) cause, and to deliver him from the power (of his enemies), 1 Samuel 24:16; 2 Samuel 18:19, 31 2 Samuel 18:31; Psalms 43:1.

(2) to rule, to govern, as connected with the idea of judging, since judging was the province of kings and chief magistrates (1 Samuel 8:20; 2 Chronicles 1:10 compare דִּין No. 1, 2), Judges 16:31. Hence Part. שׁוֹפֵט, שֹׁפֵט a prince, Psalms 2:10; Amos 2:3 especially used of the leaders and magistrates of the Israelites, who delivered their people from the oppression of neighbouring nations between the time of Joshua and Samuel, and who then governed them in peace as supreme magistrates (Judges 4:5 ), Judges 2:16, 18 Judges 2:18; Ruth 1:1; 2 Kings 23:22, etc. The same name (suffes; plur. suffetes) was applied to the chief magistrates of the Carthaginians.

Niphal

(1) to be judged, Psalms 37:33.

(2) recipr., to litigate with any one, Proverbs 29:9; Isaiah 43:26 followed by עִם of pers., Joel 4:2 אֵת (אִתּ) Ezekiel 17:20, 20:35, 36 לְ Jeremiah 25:31 (see below); also with an acc. and עַל of the thing (Jeremiah 2:35) concerning which any one contends, 1 Samuel 12:7; Ezekiel 17:20. When Jehovah is said to contend with men, it has sometimes the notion of punishing, Ezekiel 38:22; Isaiah 66:16 compare 2 Chronicles 22:8.

Poel, part. מְשֹׁופֵט i.q. שׁוֹפֵט Job 9:15.

Derivatives, שָׁפָט-שִׁפְטָן, שְׁפוֹט, מִשְׁפָּט.

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List of Word Forms

אִשָּׁפֵ֣ט אֶשְׁפְּטֵ֔ם אֶשְׁפְּטֶֽךָ׃ אֶשְׁפֹּ֤ט אֶשְׁפֹּ֥ט אֶשְׁפֹּֽט׃ אֶשְׁפּ֣וֹט אֶשְׁפּ֥וֹט אשפוט אשפט אשפט׃ אשפטך׃ אשפטם בְּ֭הִשָּׁ֣פְטוֹ בְּהִשָּׁפְטֽוֹ׃ בְשָׁפְטֶֽךָ׃ בהשפטו בהשפטו׃ בשפטך׃ הֲשֹׁפֵט֙ הֲתִשְׁפֹּ֖ט הֲתִשְׁפֹּ֣ט הֲתִשְׁפֹּ֥ט הֲתִשְׁפּ֖וֹט הֲתִשְׁפּ֥וֹט הַשֹּֽׁפְטִ֗ים הַשֹּׁ֣פְטִ֔ים הַשֹּׁפְטִ֔ים הַשֹּׁפְטִ֖ים הַשֹּׁפֵ֑ט הַשֹּׁפֵ֔ט הַשֹּׁפֵט֙ הַשּׁוֹפֵ֑ט הַשּׁוֹפֵ֗ט השופט השפט השפטים התשפוט התשפט וְֽשֹׁפְטִ֥ים וְאִשָּׁפְטָ֥ה וְהַשֹּׁ֣פְטִ֔ים וְהַשֹּׁפֵ֖ט וְיִשְׁפְּטֵ֖נִי וְיִשְׁפֹּ֑ט וְלַשֹּֽׁפְטִ֗ים וְנִשְׁפַּטְתִּ֤י וְנִשְׁפַּטְתִּ֥י וְנִשְׁפַּטְתִּ֨י וְשָֽׁפְטוּ֙ וְשָֽׁפַטְתִּי֙ וְשָׁ֣פַטְתִּ֔י וְשָׁפְט֣וּ וְשָׁפְט֥וּ וְשָׁפַ֖ט וְשָׁפַ֗ט וְשָׁפַ֤ט וְשָׁפַט֙ וְשָׁפַטְתָּ֣ וְשֹׁ֣פְטֶ֔יךָ וְשֹׁפְטִ֖ים וְשֹׁפְטֶ֑יהָ וְשֹׁפְטֶ֑יךָ וְשֹׁפְטָ֡יו וְשֹׁפֵט֙ וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֣ט וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֤ט וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֥ט וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֧ט וַיִּשְׁפֹּט֙ וּלְשֹֽׁפְטָיו֙ וּלְשֹׁפְטִֽים׃ וּלְשֹׁפְטָ֖יו וּשְׁפַטְתִּ֖יךְ וּשְׁפַטְתִּיךְ֙ וּשְׁפַטְתֶּ֣ם וּשְׁפָט֑וּם וּשְׁפָט֖וּךְ וּשְׁפָטָ֤נוּ ואשפטה והשפט והשפטים וישפט וישפטני ולשפטיו ולשפטים ולשפטים׃ ונשפטתי ושפט ושפטו ושפטוך ושפטום ושפטיה ושפטיו ושפטיך ושפטים ושפטנו ושפטת ושפטתי ושפטתיך ושפטתם יִשְׁפְּט֣וּ יִשְׁפְּטוּ־ יִשְׁפָּט־ יִשְׁפֹּ֑טוּ יִשְׁפֹּ֔ט יִשְׁפֹּ֔טוּ יִשְׁפֹּ֖ט יִשְׁפֹּ֗טוּ יִשְׁפֹּ֤ט יִשְׁפֹּ֤ט ׀ יִשְׁפֹּ֥ט יִשְׁפֹּ֨ט יִשְׁפֹּֽט־ יִשְׁפֹּֽט׃ יִשְׁפּ֔וֹט יִשְׁפּֽוֹט׃ יִשְׁפּוּט֥וּ יִשָּׁפְט֥וּ יִשְׁפְּט֑וּהוּ ישפוט ישפוט׃ ישפוטו ישפט ישפט־ ישפט׃ ישפטו ישפטו־ ישפטוהו כְּהִשָּׁפֵ֥ט כהשפט לְמִשְׁפָּ֔ט לְשָׁפְטֵ֑נוּ לְשָׁפְטֵ֖נוּ לִ֝מְשֹׁפְטִ֗י לִשְׁפֹּ֔ט לִשְׁפֹּ֖ט לִשְׁפֹּ֣ט לִשְׁפֹּ֥ט לִשְׁפֹּ֪ט לִשְׁפּ֥וֹט למשפט למשפטי לשפוט לשפט לשפטנו מִשֹּׁפְטִֽי׃ מִשֹּׁפְטֵ֥י משפטי משפטי׃ נִ֭שְׁפָּט נִשְׁפַּ֙טְתִּי֙ נִשְׁפָּ֔ט נִשְׁפָּ֖ט נִשְׁפָּ֣ט נִשְׁפָּ֥ט נִשָּׁפְטָ֖ה נשפט נשפטה נשפטתי שְׁפַטְתִּֽים׃ שְׁפָט֔וּךְ שְׁפָט֔וּנוּ שְׁפָט֥וֹ שְׁפָטְךָ֤ שְׁפָט־ שְׁפֹ֔טוּ שְׁפֹ֣ט שִׁפְט֖וּ שִׁפְט֣וּ שִׁפְטוּ־ שָׁפ֔וֹט שָׁפְט֖וּ שָׁפְטֵ֣נִי שָׁפְטֵ֤נִי שָׁפְטֵ֥נִי שָׁפְטָ֖ה שָׁפְטָ֣ה שָׁפַ֣ט שָׁפַ֥ט שָׁפָ֣ט שָׁפָֽטוּ׃ שֹֽׁפְטִ֑ים שֹֽׁפְטִ֜ים שֹֽׁפְטִים֒ שֹֽׁפְטִים֙ שֹֽׁפְטֵ֙ינוּ֙ שֹֽׁפְטֵיהֶ֑ם שֹֽׁפְטֵיהֶם֙ שֹׁ֣פְטֵי שֹׁ֣פְטֵיכֶ֔ם שֹׁ֥פְטֵי שֹׁפְטִ֖ים שֹׁפְטִ֣ים שֹׁפְטִ֥ים שֹׁפְטֵ֔נוּ שֹׁפְטֵ֖י שֹׁפְטֵ֣י שֹׁפְטֵיהֶ֑ם שֹׁפְטֶ֙יהָ֙ שֹׁפְטֶ֥יהָ שֹׁפְטַ֙יִךְ֙ שֹׁפְטָ֥ה שֹׁפֵ֑ט שֹׁפֵ֖ט שֹׁפֵ֛ט שֹׁפֵ֣ט שֹׁפֵ֥ט שֹׁפֵט֙ שׁוֹפֵ֖ט שׁוֹפֵ֣ט שׁוֹפֵ֥ט שופט שפוט שפט שפט־ שפטה שפטו שפטו־ שפטו׃ שפטוך שפטונו שפטי שפטיה שפטיהם שפטיך שפטיכם שפטים שפטינו שפטך שפטנו שפטני שפטתים׃ תִּ֝שְׁפְּט֗וּ תִּשְׁפְּט֖וּ תִּשְׁפְּטוּ־ תִּשְׁפֹּ֥ט תִּשְׁפּוֹט֙ תִשְׁפָּט־ תִשְׁפֹּ֣ט תשפוט תשפט תשפט־ תשפטו תשפטו־ ’eš·pə·ṭe·ḵā ’eš·pə·ṭêm ’eš·pō·wṭ ’eš·pōṭ ’ešpəṭeḵā ’ešpəṭêm ’ešpōṭ ’ešpōwṭ ’iš·šā·p̄êṭ ’iššāp̄êṭ bə·hiš·šā·p̄ə·ṭōw ḇə·šā·p̄ə·ṭe·ḵā behishshafeTo behishShafetov bəhiššāp̄əṭōw ḇəšāp̄əṭeḵā eshpeTecha eshpeTem eshPot hă·šō·p̄êṭ hă·ṯiš·pō·wṭ hă·ṯiš·pōṭ haš·šō·p̄ə·ṭîm haš·šō·p̄êṭ haš·šō·w·p̄êṭ hashoFet hashshoFet hashshofeTim hăšōp̄êṭ haššōp̄êṭ haššōp̄əṭîm haššōwp̄êṭ hatishPot hăṯišpōṭ hăṯišpōwṭ ishshaFet kə·hiš·šā·p̄êṭ kehishshaFet kəhiššāp̄êṭ lə·miš·pāṭ lə·šā·p̄ə·ṭê·nū lemishPat ləmišpāṭ ləšāp̄əṭênū leshafeTenu lim·šō·p̄ə·ṭî limshofeTi limšōp̄əṭî liš·pō·wṭ liš·pōṭ lishPot lišpōṭ lišpōwṭ miš·šō·p̄ə·ṭê miš·šō·p̄ə·ṭî mishshofeTei mishshofeTi miššōp̄əṭê miššōp̄əṭî niš·pāṭ niš·paṭ·tî niš·šā·p̄ə·ṭāh nishPat nishPatti Nishpot nishshafeTah nišpāṭ nišpaṭtî niššāp̄əṭāh šā·p̄ā·ṭū šā·p̄aṭ šā·p̄āṭ šā·p̄ə·ṭāh šā·p̄ə·ṭê·nî šā·p̄ə·ṭū šā·p̄ō·wṭ šāp̄aṭ šāp̄āṭ šāp̄āṭū šāp̄əṭāh šāp̄əṭênî šāp̄əṭū šāp̄ōwṭ šə·p̄ā·ṭə·ḵā šə·p̄ā·ṭōw šə·p̄ā·ṭū·nū šə·p̄ā·ṭūḵ šə·p̄āṭ- šə·p̄aṭ·tîm šə·p̄ō·ṭū šə·p̄ōṭ šəp̄āṭ- šəp̄āṭəḵā šəp̄āṭōw šəp̄aṭtîm šəp̄āṭūḵ šəp̄āṭūnū šəp̄ōṭ šəp̄ōṭū shaFat shaFatu shafeTah shafeTeni shafeTu shaFot shefateCha shefaTo shefatTim shefaTuch shefaTunu sheFot sheFotu shiftu shoFet shofeTah shofeTayich shofeTei shofeteiChem shofeTeiha shofeteiHem shofeTeinu shofeTenu shofeTim šip̄·ṭū šip̄·ṭū- šip̄ṭū šip̄ṭū- šō·p̄ə·ṭa·yiḵ šō·p̄ə·ṭāh šō·p̄ə·ṭê šō·p̄ə·ṭe·hā šō·p̄ə·ṭê·hem šō·p̄ə·ṭê·ḵem šō·p̄ə·ṭê·nū šō·p̄ə·ṭîm šō·p̄êṭ šō·w·p̄êṭ šōp̄êṭ šōp̄əṭāh šōp̄əṭayiḵ šōp̄əṭê šōp̄əṭehā šōp̄əṭêhem šōp̄əṭêḵem šōp̄əṭênū šōp̄əṭîm šōwp̄êṭ ṯiš·pāṭ- tiš·pə·ṭū tiš·pə·ṭū- tiš·pō·wṭ tiš·pōṭ ṯiš·pōṭ tishpeTu tishPot ṯišpāṭ- tišpəṭū tišpəṭū- tišpōṭ ṯišpōṭ tišpōwṭ ū·lə·šō·p̄ə·ṭāw ū·lə·šō·p̄ə·ṭîm ū·šə·p̄ā·ṭā·nū ū·šə·p̄ā·ṭūḵ ū·šə·p̄ā·ṭūm ū·šə·p̄aṭ·tem ū·šə·p̄aṭ·tîḵ uleshofeTav uleshofeTim ūləšōp̄əṭāw ūləšōp̄əṭîm ūšəp̄āṭānū ūšəp̄aṭtem ūšəp̄aṭtîḵ ūšəp̄āṭūḵ ūšəp̄āṭūm ushefaTanu ushefatTem ushefatTich ushefaTuch ushefaTum vaiyishPot vehashshoFet vehashShofeTim veishshafeTah velashshofeTim venishpatTi veshaFat veshafatTa veShafatTi veshafeTecha veshafeTu veshoFet veshofeTav veshofeTeicha veshofeTeiha veshofeTim veyishpeTeni veyishPot way·yiš·pōṭ wayyišpōṭ wə’iššāp̄əṭāh wə·’iš·šā·p̄ə·ṭāh wə·haš·šō·p̄ə·ṭîm wə·haš·šō·p̄êṭ wə·laš·šō·p̄ə·ṭîm wə·niš·paṭ·tî wə·šā·p̄aṭ wə·šā·p̄aṭ·tā wə·šā·p̄aṭ·tî wə·šā·p̄ə·ṭū wə·šō·p̄ə·ṭāw wə·šō·p̄ə·ṭe·hā wə·šō·p̄ə·ṭe·ḵā wə·šō·p̄ə·ṭîm wə·šō·p̄êṭ wə·yiš·pə·ṭê·nî wə·yiš·pōṭ wəhaššōp̄êṭ wəhaššōp̄əṭîm wəlaššōp̄əṭîm wənišpaṭtî wəšāp̄aṭ wəšāp̄aṭtā wəšāp̄aṭtî wəšāp̄əṭū wəšōp̄êṭ wəšōp̄əṭāw wəšōp̄əṭehā wəšōp̄əṭeḵā wəšōp̄əṭîm wəyišpəṭênî wəyišpōṭ yiš·pāṭ- yiš·pə·ṭū yiš·pə·ṭū- yiš·pə·ṭū·hū yiš·pō·ṭū yiš·pō·wṭ yiš·pōṭ yiš·pōṭ- yiš·pū·ṭū yiš·šā·p̄ə·ṭū yishpeTu yishpeTuhu yishPot yishPotu yishpuTu yishshafeTu yišpāṭ- yišpəṭū yišpəṭū- yišpəṭūhū yišpōṭ yišpōṭ- yišpōṭū yišpōwṭ yišpūṭū yiššāp̄əṭū