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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1348 - δικαστής
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- a judge, arbitrator, umpire
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
did not use
this Strong's Number
δῐκαστ-ής, οῦ, ὁ,
I
1. a judge, Hdt. 1.96, 3.14, 31, A. Ch. 120, Eu. 81, etc.
2. of stars, δ. τῶν ὅλων D.S. 2.31.
3. at Athens and elsewh., juror, S. Aj. 1136, etc.; opp. νομοθέτης, Lys. 14.4, cf. Antipho 1.23, X. Smp. 5.10.
II δ. αἵματος avenger, E. HF 1150.
δικαστής, δικαστοῦ, ὁ (δικάζω), a judge, arbitrator, umpire: Luke 12:14 (here critical texts κριτήν); Acts 7:27 (from Exodus 2:14); Acts 7:35. (the Sept. for שֹׁפֵט; in Greek writings (Aeschylus and) Herodotus on.) [SYNONYMS: δικαστής, κριτής: according to etymol. and classic usage δικαστής is the more dignified and official term; κριτής gives prominence to the mental process, whether the 'judge' be a magistrate or not. Schmidt, chapter 18, 6.]
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δικαστής , -οῦ , ὁ
(< δικάζω ),
[in LXX for H8199;]
a judge: Acts 7:27; Acts 7:35 (LXX).†
SYN.: κριτής G2923, WH. "gives prominence to the mental process" (Thayer). δ . is the forensic term. In Attic law, the δικασταί were jurors, with a κριτής as presiding officer (LS, s.v.; Enc. Brit. 11, xii, 504 f.).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The word is found quater in P Petr I. 27, 28, fragmentary legal records of iii/B.C. In P Oxy III. 653 (time of Antoninus Pius), the account of a trial, the Praefect declares—εἴτε οὖν πάρεισιν οἱ ἀντίδικ [οι ] εἴτε μὴ πάρεισι, δικαστὴν λήμψονται ὃς παρακολουθῶν τῆι Ὁνοράτου κρίσει τὴν Κανωπῖτιν ἐξετάσει κτλ. : cf. ib. I. 67.17 (A.D. 338) καταλα [μ ]βάνοντες τὴν σὴν ἀρετὴν δ [εόμεθα συ ]νχωρηθῆναι δικα [στὴν ἡ ]μεῖν εἶναι Ἀέτιον τὸν προπολιτευόμενον, ";knowing your goodness, I beg you to allow Aëtius, ex-magistrate, to be judge in this matter"; (Edd.), P Lond 971.19 (iii/iv A.D.) (= III. p. 129). The importance of the office comes out in OGIS 499.3 (ii/A.D.) τῶν ἐκλέκτων ἐν ᾽Ρώμῃ δικαστῶν, 528.7 δι ]καστὴν ἐν Ῥώμ [ῃ. On the ἀρχιδικαστής, who seems to have occupied the position of a permanent judge at Alexandria, before whom parties in civil cases could elect to have their disputes tried, see Milne, Roman Egypt, p. 196 ff. P Lond 908.17 (A.D. 139) (= III. p. 132) mentions an ἀ., and also (l..19) Εὐδαί ?]μονος δι [έπ ]οντος τὰ κατὰ τὴν ἀρχιδικάστειαν. The abstract figures without ἀρχι - in Michel 477.10 (mid. ii/B.C.) ἀπ [ολυθεί ]ς τε ἀπὸ τῆς δικαστείας ἐπεδήμησεν κτλ. For the δικαστήριον, as the Praefect’s tribunal or court, see P Strass I. 5.17, .19 (A.D. 262), P Oxy I. 59.11 (A.D. 292), P Amh II. 82.4, .19 (iii/iv.A.D .), etc. MGr δικαστἡς survives unchanged.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
