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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1349 - δίκη
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- custom, usage
- right, just
- a suit at law
- a judicial hearing, judicial decision, esp. sentence of condemnation
- execution of a sentence, punishment
- to suffer punishment
- the goddess Justice, avenging justice
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
did not use
this Strong's Number
δίκη [ ῐ], ἡ,
I
1. custom, usage, αὕτη δ. ἐστὶ βροτῶν this is the way of mortals, Od. 11.218; ἡ γὰρ δ. ἐστὶ γερόντων 24.255, etc.; ἥ τ' ἐστὶ δ. θείων βασιλήων 4.691; ἡ γὰρ δμώων δ. ἐστίν 14.59, etc.; ἡ γὰρ δ., ὁππότε.. this is always the way, when.., 19.168 (so in late Prose, ἥπερ ἱππομαχίας δ. Arr. An. 3.15.2); δίκαν ἐφέπειν τινός to imitate him, Pi. P. 1.50; δ. ἐπέχειν τινός to be like.., Anon.Lond. 6.18; normal course of nature, ἐκ τουτέων ὁ θάνατος οὐ γίνεται κατά γε δίκην, οὐδ' ἢν γένηται Hp. VC 3: hence,
2. adverb. in acc. δίκην, in the way of, after the manner of, c. gen., λύκοιο Pi. P. 2.84; πώλου S. Fr. 659; τοξότου Pl. Lg. 705e; in later Prose, Arist. Mu. 395b22, Luc. Dem.Enc. 31, Alciphr. 1.6, etc.: mostly of living creatures or persons, but also of things, as δίκην ὕδατος, ἀγγείου, A. Th. 85 (lyr.), Pl. Phdr. 235d.
II
1. order, right, μή τι δίκης ἐπιδευές nothing short of what is fit, Il. 19.180; opp. βία, might, 16.388; opp. σχέτλια ἔργα, Od. 14.84; personified, Hes. Th. 902, A. Th. 662, etc.; Δίκης βωμός Id. Ag. 383 (lyr.), Eu. 539 (lyr.); Truth, Pi. P. 8.71.
2. δίκη ἐστί, = δίκαιόν ἐστι, A. Ag. 259, cf. 811, Eu. 277.
3. Adverb. usages, δίκῃ duly, rightly, Il. 23.542, Pl. Criti. 112e; ἐν δίκᾳ Pi. O. 6.12, cf. S. Tr. 1069, etc.; σὺν δίκῃ Thgn. 197, Pi. P. 9.96, A. Th. 444, etc.; κατὰ δίκην Hdt. 7.35, E. Tr. 888, etc.; μετὰ δίκης Pl. Lg. 643e; πρὸς δίκης S. OT 1014, El. 1211 (but πρὸς δίκας on the score of justice, Id. OC 546 (lyr.)); διαὶ δίκας A. Ch. 641; ἐκ δίκης Herod. 4.77: opp. παρὰ δίκαν Pi. O. 2.18, etc.; ἄνευ δίκης A. Eu. 554; πέρα δίκης Id. Proverbs 30:1-33; βίᾳ δίκης Id. Supp. 430 (lyr.); δίχα δίκης without trial, Plu. Ages. 32; πρὸ δίκης in preference to legal proceedings, Th. 1.141.
III
judgement, δίκην ἰθύντατα εἰπεῖν give judgement most righteously (cf. ἰθύς), Il. 18.508: esp. in pl., Λυκίην εἴρυτο δίκῃσί τε καὶ σθένεϊ ᾧ 16.542; περὶ οἶδε δίκας Od. 3.244, etc.; δίκαι σκολιαί Hes. Op. 219, 250; κρῖνε εὐθεῖαν δίκην A. Eu. 433. after Hom., of proceedings instituted to determine legal rights, hence,
1 lawsuit, Pl. Euthphr. 2a, D. 18.210, etc.; prop. private suit or action, opp. γραφή (q. v.), Lys. 1.44, etc.; ἐκαλοῦντο αἱ γραφαὶ δίκαι, οὐ μέντοι αἱ δίκαι καὶ γραφαί Poll. 8.41; οἱ δίκην ἔχοντες the parties to a suit, IG 7.21.8 (Megara), cf. Plu. Cic. 17.
2. trial of the case, πρὸ δίκης Isaiah 5:10, etc.; μέχρι τοῦ δίκην γενέσθαι Th. 2.53; court by which it was tried, ἐν ὑμῖν ἐστι καὶ τῇ δίκῃ Antipho 6.6. δίκην εἰπεῖν to plead a cause, X. Mem. 4.8.1; δ. μακρὰν λέγειν Ar. V. 776, cf. Men. Epit. 12.
3. the object or consequence of the action, atonement, satisfaction, penalty, δίκην ἐκτίνειν, τίνειν, Hdt. 9.94, S. Aj. 113: adverbially in acc., τοῦ δίκην πάσχεις τάδε; A. Pr. 614; freq. δίκην or δίκας διδόναι suffer punishment, i. e. make amends (but δίκας δ., in A. Supp. 703 (lyr.), to grant arbitration); δίκας διδόναι τινί τινος Hdt. 1.2, cf. 5.106; ἔμελλε τῶνδέ μοι δώσειν δίκην S. El. 538, etc.; also ἀντί or ὑπέρ τινος, Ar. Pl. 433, Lys. 3.42; also δίκην διδόναι ὑπὸ θεῶν to be punished by.., Pl. Grg. 525b; but δίκας ἤθελον δοῦναι they consented to submit to trial, Th. 1.28; δίκας λαμβάνειν sts. = δ. διδόναι, Hdt. 1.115; δίκην ἀξίαν ἐλάμβανες E. Ba. 1312, Heracl. 852; more freq. its correlative, inflict punishment, take vengeance, Lys. 1.29, etc.; λαβεῖν δίκην παρά τινος D. 21.92, cf. 9.2, etc.; so δίκην ἔχειν to have one's punishment, Antipho 3.4.9, Pl. R. 529c (but ἔχω τὴν δ. have satisfaction, Id. 319e; παρά τινος Hdt. 1.45); δίκας or δίκην ὑπέχειν stand trial, Id. 2.118, cf. S. OT 552; δίκην παρασχεῖν E. Hipp. 50; θανάτου δίκην ὀφλεῖν ὑπό τινος to incur the death penalty, Pl. Ap. 39b; δίκας λαγχάνειν τινί D. 21.78; δίκης τυχεῖν παρά τινος ib.142; δίκην ὀφείλειν, ὀφλεῖν, Id. 21.77, 47.63; ἐρήμην ὀφλεῖν τὴν δ. Antipho 5.13; δίκην φεύγειν try to escape it, be the defendant in the trial (opp. διώκειν prosecute), D. 38.2; δίκας αἰτέειν demand satisfaction, τινός for a thing, Hdt. 8.114; δ. ἐπιτιθέναι τινί Id. 1.120; τινός for a thing, Antipho 4.1.5; δίκαι ἐπιφερόμεναι Arist. Pol. 1302b24; δίκας ἀφιέναι τινί D. 21.79; δίκας ἑλεῖν, v. ἔρημος 11; δίκην τείσασθαι, v. τίνω 11; δὸς δὲ δίκην καὶ δέξο παρὰ Ζηνί h.Merc. 312; δίκας διδόναι καὶ λαμβάνειν παρ' ἀλλήλων, of communities, submit causes to trial, Hdt. 5.83; δίκην δοῦναι καὶ λαβεῖν ἐν τῷ δήμῳ X. Ath. 1.18, etc.; δίκας δοῦναι καὶ δέξασθαι submit differences to a peaceful settlement, Th. 5.59. Pythag. name for three, Plu. 2.381f, Theol.Ar. 12; for five, ib.31. (Cf. Skt. diú-, diúâ 'direction', 'quarter of the heavens'.)
δίκη, δίκης, ἡ (allied with δεικηυμι, Curtius, § 14), from Homer down;
1. custom, usage, (cf. Schmidt, chapter 18, 4 cf. 3).
2. right, justice.
3. a suit at law.
4. a judicial hearing, judicial decision, especially a sentence of condemnation; so in Acts 25:15 (L T Tr WH καταδίκην).
5. execution of the sentence, punishment, (Wis. 18:11; 2 Macc. 8:11): δίκην ὑπέχειν, Jude 1:7; δίκην (Sophocles El. 298; Aj. 113; Euripides, Or. 7), to suffer punishment, 2 Thessalonians 1:9.
6. the goddess Justice, avenging justice: Acts 28:4, as in Greek writings often from Hesiod theog. 902 on; (of the avenging justice of God, personified, Wis. 1:8, etc.; cf. Grimm at the passage and commentary on 4 Macc., p. 318, (he cites 4 Macc. 4:13, 21; 8:13, 21; 9:9; 11:3; 12:12; 18:22; Philo adv. Flacc. § 18; Eusebius, h. e. 2, 6, 8)).
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δίκη , -ης , ἡ ,
[in LXX for H5359, H7378, etc.;]
1. custom.
2. right.
3. a judicial hearing; hence its result, the execution of a sentence, punishment: δ . τίνειν , 2 Thessalonians 1:9; δ . υπεχειν , Judges 1:7.
4. Personified (cf. Lat. Justitia), justice, vengeance: Acts 28:4.†
** κατα -δίκη , -ης , ἡ ,
[in LXX: Wisdom of Solomon 12:27*;]
sentence, condemnation: Acts 25:15.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
This word in Homer may = ";custom,"; ";usage"; : hence ";right"; as established usage, extended further to a ";process of law"; or ";judicial hearing,"; e.g. P Hib I. 30.24 (B.C. 300—271) ἡ δίκη σοι ἀναγραφήσετ [α ]ι ἐν [τῶι ἐν Ἡρ ]ακλέους πόλει δικαστηρίωι, ";the case will be drawn up against you in the court at Heracleopolis"; (Edd.), P Rein 15.21 (B.C. 109) ἄνευ δίκης καὶ κρίσεως καὶ πάσης εὑρεσιλογίας, ";sans procès, contestation ni chicane d’aucune sorte"; (Ed.), similarly P Lond 298.16 (A.D. 124) (= II. p. 206), P Oxy III. 486.28 (A.D. 131) τὴν μὲν μητέρα μου συνέβη ἀποθαν ̣ε ̣ι ̣̑[ν ] πρὸ τῆς δίκης, ";it happened that my mother died before the trial"; (Edd.), etc. From this it is a natural transition to the result or the lawsuit, ";execution of a sentence,"; ";penalty,"; as P Fay 21.24 (A.D. 134) ὅπ ]ως τῆς ἀποθίας (= ἀπειθ.) ἐκῖνοι τὴν προσήκουσαν δίκη [ν ὑ ]πόσχωσι, ";in order that they may pay the fitting penalty for their disobedience"; : cf. 2 Thessalonians 1:9, Judges 1:7, Wisdom of Solomon 18:11, 2 Maccabees 8:11. From P Eleph 1.12 (B.C. 311–10) (=Selections, p. 3) onwards, the phrase καθάπερ ἐγ δίκης is very common = ";as if formal decree of the court had been obtained."; In partial illustration of the personification of Δίκη in Acts 28:4 we may quote in addition to the exx. in Wetstein and Field (Notes, p. 148 f.) Syll 810 εἰ δέ τι ἑκὼν ἐξαμαρτ [ήσει ], οὐκ ἐμὸν ἐπαράσ [ασθαι ], δίκη δὲ ἐπικρέματα [ι ] τιμωρὸς ἀπελθόν [τι ] ἀπειθὴς Νεμέσε [ως.
A fairly early Christian inscr. from Attica, Kaibel 173.17 has δίκης μετὰ λοίσθιον ἦμα [ρ, of the Day of Judgement.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
