from a root der---, "skin" (derma, "a skin," cp. Eng., "dermatology"), primarily "to flay," then "to beat, thrash or smite," is used of the treatment of the servants of the owner of the vineyard by the husbandmen, in the parable in Matthew 21:35; Mark 12:3,5; Luke 20:10,11; of the treatment of Christ, Luke 22:63 , RV, "beat," for AV, "smote;" John 18:23; of the followers of Christ, in the synagogues, Mark 13:9; Acts 22:19; of the punishment of unfaithful servants, Luke 12:47,48; of the "beating" of Apostles by the High Priest and the Council of the Sanhedrin, Acts 5:40; by magistrates, 16:37. The significance of flogging does not always attach to the word; it is used of the infliction of a single blow, John 18:23; 2 Corinthians 11:20 , and of "beating" the air, 1 Corinthians 9:26 . The usual meaning is that of "thrashing or cudgelling," and when used of a blow it indicates one of great violence. See SMITE.

2: τύπτω

(Strong's #5180 — Verb — tupto — toop'-to )

from a root tup---, meaning "a blow," (tupos, "a figure or print:" (Eng., "type") denotes "to smite, strike, or beat," usually not with the idea of giving a thrashing as with dero. It frequently signifies a "blow" of violence, and, when used in a continuous tense, indicates a series of "blows." In Matthew 27:30 the imperfect tense signifies that the soldiers kept on striking Christ on the head. So Mark 15:19 . The most authentic mss. omit it in Luke 22:64 . In that verse the word paio, "to smite," is used of the treatment given to Christ (dero in the preceding verse). The imperfect tense of the verb is again used in Acts 18:17 , of the beating given to Sosthenes. Cp. Acts 21:32 , which has the present participle. It is used in the metaphorical sense of "wounding," in 1 Corinthians 8:12 . See SMITE , STRIKE , WOUND.

3: ῥαβδίζω

(Strong's #4463 — Verb — rhabdizo — hrab-did'-zo )

"to beat with a rod, or stick, to cudgel," is the verbal form of rhabdos, "a rod, or staff," Acts 16:22; 2 Corinthians 11:25 .

4: βάλλω

(Strong's #906 — Verb — ballo — bal'-lo )

"to throw or cast," is once rendered "beat," Acts 27:14 , RV, of the tempestuous wind that "beat" down upon the ship. So the AV margin. See CAST.

5: ἐπιβάλλω

(Strong's #1911 — Verb — epiballo — ep-ee-bal'-lo )

No. 4, with epi, "upon," "to cast upon, or lay hands upon," signifies to "beat" into, in Mark 4:37 , of the action of the waves. See CAST , No 7, FALL , No. 11, LAY, PUT, No. 8, STRETCH, THINK, No. 15.

6: προσκόπτω

(Strong's #4350 — Verb — proskopto — pros-kop'-to )

"to stumble, to strike against" (pros, "to or against," kopto, "to strike"), is once used of a storm "beating" upon a house, Matthew 7:27 . See DASH , STUMBLE , and cp. proskomma and proskope, "a stumbling-block, offense."

7: προσπίπτω

(Strong's #4363 — Verb — prospipto — pros-pip'-to )

"to fall upon" (pros, "to," pipto, "to fall"), is translated "beat" in Matthew 7:25; elsewhere, "to fall down at or before." See FALL.

8: προσρήγνυμι

(Strong's #4366 — Verb — prosegnumi — pros-rayg'-noo-mee )

"to break upon," is translated "beat vehemently upon, or against" (pros, "upon," rhegnumi, "to break"), in Luke 6:48,49 , of the violent action of a flood (RV, "brake").

Note: In Luke 10:30 , the phrase lit. rendered "inflicting blows," is translated "wounded" (AV), RV, correctly, "beat."

Bibliography Information
Vines, W. E., M. A. Entry for 'Beat'. Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words. https://www.studylight.org/dictionaries/eng/ved/b/beat.html. 1940.

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