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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #142 - αἴρω
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αἴρω, v. ἀείρω.
ἀείρω, , Ion., and poet.; αἴρω (once in Hom., v. infr.), Att. and Trag. (exc. A. Th. 759, Pers. 660, both lyr.); Aeol. ἀέρρω, Alc. 78: impf. ἤειρον (συν-) Il. 10.499, Hdt. 2.125, ἄειρον Il. 19.386, Att. and Trag. ᾖρον: fut. ἀρῶ [ᾱ ], contr. for ἀερῶ (which is not found), A. Pers. 795, E. Heracl. 322, Tr. 1148, prob. in Luc. Hist.Conscr. 14: aor. 1 ἤειρα (συν-) Il. 24.590, (παρ-) Archil. 94, Herod. 9.13, ἄειρα Il. 23.730; Aeol. imper. ἀέρρατε Sapph. 91; subj. ἀέρσῃ Panyas. 13.13; part. ἀείρας S. Ant. 418; also ἄηρα IG 12(3).449 (Thera); ἦρα Hdt. 9.59, A. Ag. 47, Th. 6.18, etc., 3 pl. ἤροσαν LXX John 3:14, opt. ἄραις Herod. 5.71, inf. ἆραι Call. Cer. 35, part. ἄρας Th. 2.12, etc., Cret. ἤραντας GDI 5015 (Gort.) [ ᾱ- in all moods]: pf. ἦρκα D. 25.52, (ἀπ-) Th. 8.100, plpf. ἤρκεσαν (ἀπ-) D. 19.150: — Med. ἀείρομαι (ἀπ-) Il. 21.563, S. Tr. 216 (lyr.); αἴρομαι E. El. 360, Th. 4.60: fut ἀροῦμαι [ᾱ] E. Hel. 1597: aor. 1 imper. ἀείραο A.R. 4.746, inf. ἀείρασθαι (ἀντ-) Hdt. 7.212, part. -άμενος Il. 23.856, IG 4.952.112 (Epid.); also ἠράμην [ᾱ- in all moods] Il. 14.510, Od. 4.107, E. Heracl. 986, Ar. Ra. 525, Pl. R. 374e, etc., Dor. ἄρατο B. 2.5: pf. ἦρμαι S. El. 54: — Pass., E. Alc. 450 (lyr.), Hp. Mul. 2.174: fut. ἀρθήσομαι Ar. Ach. 565: aor. ἠέρθην A.R. 4.1651, (παρ-) Il. 16.341, ἀέρθην Od. 19.540, 3 pl. ἄερθεν Il. 8.74, subj. ἀερθῶ E. Andr. 848 (lyr.), part. ἀερθείς Od. 8.375, Pi. N. 7.75, A. Ag. 1525 (lyr.), Hp. Mul. 1.1, etc.; also ἤρθην Simon. 111, A. Th. 214 (lyr.), Th. 4.42, etc., part. ἀρθείς Il. 13.63, (ἐπ-) Hdt. 1.90, etc.: pf. ἤερμαι A.R. 2.171: plpf. 3 sg. ἄωρτο (for ἤορτο) Il. 3.272, Theoc. 24.43, ἔωρτο Hsch. [ ἀείρω has ᾰ, exc. in late poetry, as Opp. C. 1.347.] (ἀείρω = ἀ-ϝερ- y ω, cf. αὐειρομέναι Alcm. 23.63; αἴρω (oncein Hom., Il. 17.724 in part. αἴροντας) may = ϝαρ-ψω for ϝγ[νυλλ ]-ψω from the reduced form of the root, but is more probably an analogical formation arising from the contracted forms. Fut. ἀροῦμαι [ᾰ] and aor. ἀρόμην, ἤρετο, etc., inf. ἀρέσθαι [ᾰ], belong to ἄρνυμαι, q.v.; ἤρᾰτο may have displaced ἤρετο in Hom, cf. Eust. ad Il. 3.373. The sense attach found in compds. συν-, παρ-αείρω is prob. derived from the use v. 1.)
I Act., lift, raise up, νέκυν Il. 17.724; ὑψόσ' ἀείρας [κυνέην ] 10.465; πίνακας παρέθηκεν ἀείρας Od. 1.141; Εὐμάστας με ἄηρεν ἀπὸ χθονός IG 12(3).449, inscr. on a stone (Thera); ἀπὸ γῆς αἴ. Pl. Ti. 90a; ἱστία στεῖλαν ἀείραντες furled by brailing them up, Od. 3.11; but ἀ. ἱστία hoist sail, A.R. 2.1229; αἴ. κεραίας D.S. 13.12; εὔμαριν ἀ. A. Pers. 660; κοῦφον αἴ. βῆμα walk lightly, trip, E. Tr. 342; αἴ. σκέλη, of a horse, X. Eq. 10.15, cf. Arist. IA 710b20; ὀρθὸν αἴ. τὸ κάρα A. Ch. 496; ὀφθαλμὸν ἄρας S. Tr. 795; ἄρασα μύξας, of a deer, Id. Fr. 89; ὀφρῦς αἴροντα Diph. 85; αἴ. σημεῖον make a signal, X. Cyr. 7.1.23; αἴ. μηχανήν, in the theatre, Antiph. 191.15; so ἐπὶ τὰς μηχανὰς καταφεύγουσι θεοὺς αἴροντες Pl. Cra. 425d; τεῖχος ἱκανὸν αἴ. Th. 1.90, cf. 2.75: — freq. in part., ἄρας ἔπαισε he raised [them] and struck, S. OT 1270; ἡ βουλὴ ἄρασα τὴν ἀφ' ἱερᾶς ἀφῆκεν Plu. Cor. 32, cf. 1 Corinthians 6:15 : — Pass., ἐς αἰθέρα δῖαν ἀέρθη Od. 19.540, cf. Il. 8.74; ὑψόσ' ἀερθείς Od. 12.432; ἔμπνους ἀρθείς Antipho 2.1.9; φρυκτοὶ ᾔροντο Th. 2.94, cf. Aen. Tact. 26.14; mount up, X. HG 5.2.5; ἄνω ἀρθῆναι, of the sun, to be high in heaven, Hp. Aër. 6; to be seized, snatched up, Ar. Ach. 565.
2. take up, in various uses: draw water, Ar. Ra. 1339; gather food, S. Ph. 707; pluck herbs, PMag.Par. 1.287, al.
3. take up and carry or bring, ἐκ βελέων Σαρπηδόνα δῖον ἀείρας Il. 16.678; νόσφιν ἀειράσας 24.583; ἄχθος ἀ. convey, of ships, Od. 3.312; μῆλα ἐξ' Ιθάκης ἄειραν νηυσί carried them off, 21.18; μή μοι οἶνον ἄειρε bring me not wine, Il. 6.264.
4. take up and bear, as a burden, μόρον A. Pers. 547; ἆθλον S. Tr. 80; ἄλγος A.R. 4.65. wear clothes, LXX 1 Kings 2:28, al.
5. of armies or fleets, τὰς ναῦς αἴ. get the ships under sail, Th. 1.52; esp. intr., get under way, set out, ἆραι τῷ στρατῷ Id. 2.12: abs., ib. 23: — Pass., ἀερθῆναι Hdt. 9.52; ἀερθέντες ἐκ.. 1.165; ἀ. εἰς.. 1.170; ἐφ' ἡμετέρᾳ γᾷ ἀρθείς S. Ant. 111 (lyr.); but ἀερθείς carried too far, Pi. N. 7.75.
6. raise, levy, λεκτὸν ἀροῦμεν στόλον A. Pers. 795.
7. rear a child, τοῖς τοκεῦσί σ' ἤειρα Herod. 9.13.
II
1. raise up, exalt, ἀπὸ σμικροῦ δ' ἂν ἄρειας μέγαν A. Ch. 262, cf. 791; ὄλβον []ν Δαρεῖος ἦρεν Id. Pers. 164: — esp. of pride and passion, exalt, excite, ὑψοῦ αἴ. θυμόν grow excited, S. OT 914; αἴ. θάρσος pluck up courage, E. IA 1598: — Pass., to be raised, increased, ἡ δύναμις ᾔρετο Th. 1.118; ᾔρετο τὸ ὕψος τοῦ τείχους μέγα Id. 2.75; ἤρθη μέγας rose to greatness, D. 2.8; οὐκ ἤρθη νοῦν ἐς ἀτασθαλίην Simon. 111; ἀρθῆναι φόβῳ, δείμασι, A. Th. 214, E. Hec. 69: abs., ἀείρομαι S. Tr. 216 (lyr.), cf. Ar. Ec. 1180.
2. raise by words, hence, praise, extol, E. Heracl. 322, etc.; αἴ. λόγῳ to exaggerate, D. 21.71.
III
1. lift and take away, remove, ἀπό με τιμᾶν ἦραν A. Eu. 847; τινὰ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως Pl. R. 578e; generally, take away, put an end to, κακά E. El. 942; τραπέζας αἴ. clear away dinner, Men. 273; ἀρθέντος τοῦ αἰτίου Arist. Pr. 920b11; deny (opp. τίθημι posit), S.E. P. 1.10; Delph. and Locr. pf. Pass. part. ἀρμένος cancelled, null and void, ὠνὰ ἀ. καὶ ἄκυρος GDI 1746 (Delph.); ἀτελὴς καὶ ἀ. IG 9(1).374 (Naupactus).
2. make away with, destroy, Matthew 24:39; ἆρον, ἆρον away with him! John 19:15; ἐκ τῶν ζώντων αἴ. Tab.Defix.Aud. 1.18. Med.,
1. lift, take up for oneself or what is one's own, [ πέπλων] ἕν' ἀειραμένη Il. 6.293; hence, carry off, win, πάντας ἀειράμενος πελέκεας 23.856; ἄρατο νίκαν B. 2.5; ἠρμένοι νίκην Str. 3.2.13.
2. ὄγκον ἄρασθαι to be puffed up, S. Aj. 129; θαυμαστὸν ὄγκον ἀράμενοι τοῦ μύθου Pl. Plt. 277b.
3. raise, lift, τύπωμα ἠρμένοι χεροῖν S. El. 54; κανοῦν αἴ. Ar. Av. 850; βοῦς IG 22.1028.28, cf. Thphr. Char. 27.5; ῥόθιον raise a surging cheer, Ar. Eq. 546; Σαμόσατα ἀράμενος μετέθηκεν Luc. Hist.Conscr. 24; ἀείρεσθαι τὰ ἱστία hoist sail, Hdt. 8.56, cf. 94.
4. raise, stir up, νεῖκος ἀειράμενος Thgn. 90, cf. E. Heracl. 986, 991; begin, undertake, πόλεμον A. Supp.. 342, Hdt. 7.132, Th. 4.60, D. 5.5 (Pass., πόλεμος αἴρεται Ar. Av. 1188); κίνδυνον Antipho 5.63; φυγὴν αἴρεσθαι take to flight, A. Pers. 481, E. Rh. 54.
5. take upon oneself, undergo, πόνον S. Ant. 907; πένθος Id. OT 1225; βάρος E. Cyc. 473.
6. abs., βαρὺς ἀ. slow to undertake anything, Hdt. 4.150.
7. take away, remove, E. IT 1201; hence, kill or destroy, D.H. 4.4, J. AJ 19.1.3; πόλιν D.H. 6.23.
1. Pass., to be suspended, hang, [ μάχαιρα] πὰρ ξίφεος μέγα κουλεὸν αἰὲν ἄωρτο Il. 3.272, 19.253.
2. Medic., to be swollen, [ σπλὴν] ἀερθείς Hp. Mul. 1.61; μαζοὶ ἀείρονται ib. 2.174.
αἴρω ,
[in LXX chiefly for H5375, also for H3947, etc.;]
1. to raise, take up, lift or draw up: John 8:59; John 11:41, Acts 27:17, al.
2. to bear, carry: Matthew 4:6; Matthew 16:24, al.
3. to bear or take away, carry off, remove: Matthew 21:21, John 19:31, 1 Corinthians 5:12; 1 Corinthians 6:15
(v. Lft., Notes, 216), al.; of the taking away sin by Christ, John 1:29, 1 John 3:5.
(Cf. ἀπ -, ἐξ -, ἐπ -, μετ -, συν -, ὑπερ -αίρω . For exx. from Papyri, v. MM, VGT, s.v.)
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For αἴρω, ";raise,"; ";lift up,"; as in Revelation 10:5, cf. Syll 807.3 (ii /A.D.) ἆραι τὴν χεῖρα, and so ib. 607.20, .27. One passage for αἴρειν χεῖρας may be specially noted, the Alexandrian inscr. in Preisigke 1323 (ii/A.D.) : θεῷ ὑψίστῳ καὶ πάντων ἐπόπτῃ καὶ Ἡλίῳ καὶ Νεμέσεσι αἴρει Ἀρσεινόη ἄωρος τὰς χεῖρας. The inscr. is heathen, but has striking similarity to the Jewish prayer for vengeance on which Deissmann comments in LAE p. 423 ff. : is its thought partly due to Jewish suggestion? In P Fay 103.3 (iii/A.D.) payment is allotted to the bearers of a corpse—τοῖς ἠρκάσι (l. -όσι) αὐτόν : cf. P Grenf II. 77.9 (iii/iv A.D.) ( = Selections, p. 120). In a magical formula of iii/A.D. instructions are given to take twenty-nine palm leaves, on which the names of the gods have been inscribed, and then—ερε ( = αἶρε) κατὰ δύο δύο, ";lift them up two by two,"; P Oxy VI. 886.19 ( = Selections, p. 111). A good parallel to Colossians 2:14 is afforded by BGU II. 388ii. 23 (ii/iii A.D.) ἆρον ταῦτα ἐκ τοῦ μ [έ ]σ ̣[ου ]. John 19:15 ἆρον, ἆρον, σταύρωσον αὐτόν may be illustrated from a strangely incongruous source, the well-known school-boy’s letter, where the boy’s mother is represented as saying—ἀναστατοῖ με · ἆρρον αὐτόν, ";he upsets me : away with him!"; P Oxy I. 119.10 (ii/iii A.D.) ( = Selections, p. 103) : cf. Syll 737.142 (ii/A.D.) ἐὰν δὲ ἀπειθῇ, αἰρέτωσαν αὐτὸν ἔξω τοῦ πυλῶνος. A parallel of a different kind is found in the defixio from Cnidus, Audollent no. 1.18 (p. 6—iii/ii B.C.) ἵναι αὐτὸν ἐκ τῶν ζώντων ἄρῃ —which the editor should not (p. 559) assign to αἱρεῖν ! In the curious nursery alphabet, P Tebt II. 278 (early i/A.D.) αἴρειν is used six times for stealing (a garment). So in the passive BGU IV. 1201.18 (A.D. 2) εὕροσαν τὸν στροφέα τοῦ ἑνὸς μ ̣ε ̣ρ ̣ο ̣υ ̣ς ̣ [τ ]ῆς θύρας η ̣̓ρ ̣μένον χ [ε ]ρσ ̣ε ̣ι ̣ν ̣. The use is common. With εἰς it can express ";removing to"; a place, as P Tebt II. 308.9 (A.D. 174)—a man has paid for 20,000 papyrus stalks ";which he has had transported to Tebtunis by Heracleides"; (εἰς Τ. ἄρας ̣ δια ῾Η). The classical use of the middle may be seen in P Lond 854.6 (i/ii A.D.) ( = III. p. 206, Selections, p. 70) ἀρα ̣μενο ̣ς ἀνάπλο [υν ], of a tourist going up the Nile. To Wetstein’s parallels for Luke 19:21 αἴρεις ὃ οὐκ ἔθηκας C. Taylor (JTS ii. p. 432) adds the Jewish precepts quoted by Philo (Mangey II. 629) ἅ τις παθεῖν ἐχθαίρει μὴ ποιεῖν αὐτόν, ἅ μὴ κατέθηκεν μηδ᾽ ἀναιρεῖσθαι, and Plato Legg. xi. (913 C) κάλλιστον νόμων διαφθείρων καὶ ἁπλούστατον καὶ οὐδαμῆ ἀγεννοῦς ἀνδρὸς νομοθέτημα, ὃς εἶπεν · Ἃ μὴ κατέθου μὴ ἀνέλῃ. In MGr only as compounded, παίρνω = ἀπαίρω.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Sixth Week after Easter