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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2041 - ἔργον
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- business, employment, that which any one is occupied
- that which one undertakes to do, enterprise, undertaking
- any product whatever, any thing accomplished by hand, art, industry, or mind
- an act, deed, thing done: the idea of working is emphasised in opp. to that which is less than work
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
did not use
this Strong's Number
ἔργον,
Dor. ϝέργον IG 4.800 (vi B. C.), Elean ϝάργον SIG 9 (vi B.C.), τό: (ἔρδω, O E. weorc (neut.) 'work', Avest. var[schwa]za -): —
I
1. work, Il. 2.436, etc.; ἔ. οὐδὲν ὄνειδος, ἀεργίη δέ τ' ὄνειδος Hes. Op. 311; πλεόνων δέ τε ἔ. ἄμεινον Il. 12.412; ἔ. ἐποίχεσθαι 6.492; νῦν ἔπλετο ἔ. ἅπασι 12.271; esp. in pl., ἄλλος ἄλλοισιν..ἐπιτέρπεται ἔργοις Od. 14.228; ἐπὶ ἔργα τράποντο Il. 3.422; ἔργων παύσασθαι Od. 4.683; τὰ σ' αὐτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε see to thine own tasks, Il. 6.490: esp. in the following relations, 1 in Il. mostly of works or deeds of war, πολεμήϊα ἔ. Il. 2.338, al., Od. 12.116; ἔργον μάχης Il. 6.522; alone, ἀτελευτήτῳ ἐπὶ ἔργῳ 4.175, cf. 539; ὑπέσχετο δὲ μέγα ἔργον 13.366; ἐπ' αὐτῷ δ' ἔργον ἐτύχθη ἀργαλέον 4.470; later, ἔργον.. Ἄρης κρινεῖ A. Th. 414; ἐν τῷ ἔ. during the action, Th. 2.89, cf. 7.71; τὸ ἐν Πλαταιαῖς ἔ. Pl. Mx. 241c; τῶν πρότερον ἔ. μέγιστον ἐπράχθη τὸ Μηδικόν Th. 1.23; ἔργου ἔχεσθαι to engage in battle, ib. 49.
2. of peaceful contests, κρατεῖν ἔ. Pi. O. 9.85; ἔργου ἔχεσθαι Id. P. 4.233; also ἔργα θῆκε κάλλιστ' ἀμφὶ κόμαις placed [the reward of] noble deeds about his hair, Id. O. 13.38.
3. of works of industry, of tillage, tilled lands, ἀνδρῶν πίονα ἔ. Il. 12.283, etc.; ἔργ' ἀνθρώπων 16.392, Od. 6.259; βροτῶν 10.147; οὔτε βοῶν οὔτ' ἀνδρῶν φαίνετο ἔργα ib. 98; ἔργα alone, 16.140, etc.; Ἔργα καὶ Ἡμέραι — the title of Hesiod's work; πατρώϊα ἔ. their father's lands, Od. 2.22; οὔτ' ἐπὶ ἔργα..ἴμεν will neither go to our farms, ib. 127, cf. 252; Ἰθάκης..ἔργα the tilled lands of Ithaca, 14.344; ἀμφὶ.. Τιταρησσὸν ἔργ' ἐνέμοντο inhabited lands, Il. 2.751; τὰ τῶν Μυσῶν ἔ. Hdt. 1.36; so later, PBaden 40.5 (ii A.D.): generally, property, wealth, possessions, θεὸς δ' ἐπὶ ἔργον ἀέξῃ Od. 14.65, cf. 15.372. of women's work, weaving, Il. 9.390, etc.; ἀμύμονα ἔ. ἰδυίας ib. 128; ἔργα ἐργάζεσθαι Od. 22.422, 20.72. of other occupations, θαλάσσια ἔ. fishing, 5.67; a seaman's life, Il. 2.614: periphr., δαιτὸς..ἔργα works of feasting, 9.228; φιλοτήσια ἔ. Od. 11.246; ἔργα γάμοιο Il. 5.429; ἔργα Κυπρογενοῦς Sol. 26; Ἀφροδίτης h.Ven. 1; also τέκνων ἐς ἔ. A. Ag. 1207: abs., ἔργον Luc. DDeor. 17.1, AP 12.209 (pl., Strat., s.v.l.); also ἔργα ἰσχύος καὶ τάχους X. Cyr. 1.2.12; φίλα ἔργα μελίσσαις, of flowers, Theoc. 22.42; of mines, etc., ἔ. ἀργυρεῖα X. Vect. 4.5, D. 21.167, etc.; ἔργα πίσσια dub. l. in Plu. Cat.Ma. 21.
4. deed, action, ἔργ' ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε Od. 1.338; θέσκελα ἔ. Τρώων Il. 3.130; ἀήσυλα ἔ. 5.876; καρτερά, ἀεικέα ἔ., ib. 872, 22.395; παλίντιτα, ἄντιτα ἔ., Od. 1.379, 17.51; ἔργα ἀποδέκνυσθαι Hdt. 1.16, cf. Pl. Alc. 1.119e, D.C. 37.52; opp. ἔπος, deed, not word (v. ἔπος 11.1); opp. μῦθος, Il. 9.443, 19.242, A. Pr. 1080 (anap.), etc.; opp. λόγος, S. El. 358, E. Alc. 339; ἔργῳ, opp. λόγῳ, freq. in Att., etc., Th. 2.65, etc.: so in pl., λόγῳ μὲν..τοῖσι δ' ἔργοισιν S. OC 782, cf. E. Fr. 360.13; λόγοισιν εἴτ' ἔργοισιν S. OT 517; opp. ῥήματα, Id. OC 873; opp. ὄνομα, E. IA 128 (anap.), Th. 8.78, 89; in many phrases, πέπρακται τοὔργον A. Pr. 75, cf. Ag. 1346; χωρῶ πρὸς ἔργον S. Aj. 116; τὸ μὲν ἐνθύμημα χαρίεν.., τὸ δὲ ἔ. ἀδύνατον its execution, X. An. 3.5.12; ἐν ἔργῳ χέρνιβες ξίφος τε ready for action, E. IT 1190; ἡ κατάρα ὑπὸ τοῦ δαίμονος εἰς ἔ. ἤγετο Jul. Or. 7.228b.
II
1. thing, matter, πᾶν ἔ...ὑπείξομαι in every point, Il. 1.294; ἃ Ζεὺς μήδετο ἔ. 2.38, etc.; πάρος τάδε ἔ. γενέσθαι 6.348, etc.; ὅπως ἔσται τάδε ἔ. 2.252, Od. 17.78, etc.; μέμνημαι τόδε ἔ. Il. 9.527; ἄκουε τοὔργον S. Tr. 1157, cf. OT 847, Aj. 466; in bad sense, mischief, trouble, of disease, αἰτίη τοῦ ἔ. Aret. SA 1.9; μέγα ἔ. a serious matter, Od. 4.663, Th. 3.3.
2. μέγα ἔ., like μέγα χρῆμα, χερμάδιον λάβε χειρὶ Τυδεΐδης, μέγα ἔ. a monstrous thing, Il. 5.303, cf. 20.286; φυλόπιδος μέγα ἔ. a mighty call to arms, 16.208.
III
1. Pass., that which is wrought or made, work, οἷ' ἐπιεικὲς ἔργ' ἔμεν ἀθανάτων, of the arms of Achilles, Il. 19.22; ἔ. Ἡφαίστοιο metal- work, Od. 4.617; πέπλοι.., ἔργα γυναικῶν Il. 6.289, Od. 7.97, cf. 10.223; ὕφασμα, σῆς ἔ. χερός A. Ch. 231; κολεόν..λώτινον ἔ. Theoc. 24.45; of a wall, Ar. Av. 1125; of a statue, X. Mem. 3.10.7: in pl., of siege- works, ἔ. καὶ μηχαναί Plb. 5.3.6; of a machine, Apollod. Poliorc. 157.4, al., Ath.Mech. 15.2, al.; of public buildings, Mon.Anc.Gr. 18.20; of an author's works, D.H. Comp. 25; τὸ περὶ ψυχῆς ἔργον Ἀριστοτέλους AP 11.354.8 (Agath.).
2. result of work, profit or interest, ἔργον [ χρημάτων ] interest or profit on money, Isa 11.42, cf. D. 27.10.
special phrases:
I
1 ἔργον ἐστί, c. gen. pers., it is his business, his proper work, ἀνδρῶν τόδ' ἐστὶν ἔ. A. Ch. 673; ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἔ. ἀγαθοῦ πολίτου Pl. Grg. 517c; of things, φραδέος νόου ἔργα τέτυκται it is a matter (which calls) for a wary mind, Il. 24.354; function, ἅπερ νεῶν ἄμεινον πλεουσῶν ἔργα ἐστίν Th. 2.89; οὐ θερμότητος ἔργον ψύχειν Pl. R. 335d; τοῦτο ἑκάστου ἔ. ὃ ἂν ἢ μόνον τι ἢ κάλλιστα τῶν ἄλλων ἀπεργάζηται ib. 353a; ἔργα τοῦ ἐγκεφάλου functions, Gal. 16.518: c. dat. pers., οἷς τοῦτο ἔ. ἦν X. Cyr. 4.5.36, cf. 6.3.27: with the possessive Pron., σὸν ἔ. [ἐστί] c. inf., A. Pr. 635; ἐμὸν τόδ' ἔ. κρῖναι Id. Eu. 734; σὸν ἔ., θῦε θεοῖς Ar. Av. 862; ὑμέτερον ἐντεῦθεν ἔ. Id. Pax 426: with Art., νῦν ἡμέτερον τὸ ἔ. Hdt. 5.1. c. gen. rei, there is need of.., τί δῆτα τόξων ἔ.; E. Alc. 39; πολλῆς φυλακῆς ἔ. [ἐστί] Pl. R. 537d: esp. with neg., οὐδὲν..ὀδόντων ἔ. ἐστ' Ar. Pax 1310; οὐ δόλου νῦν ἔ. Id. Pl. 1158, cf. E. Hipp. 911: c. dat. pers., ἐπέδρης μὴ εἶναι ἔ. τῇ στρατιῇ Hdt. 1.17: with Art., οὐκ ἂν μακρῶν λόγων ἡμῖν τόδ' εἴη τοὔργον S. El. 1373: with a part. added, οὐδὲν ἦν ἔ. αὐτοῦ κατατείνοντος Plu. Publ. 13: also c. inf., οὐδὲν ἔ. ἑστάναι there is no use in standing still, Ar. Lys. 424, cf. Av. 1308; οὐδὲν ἔ. ταῦτα θρηνεῖσθαι S. Aj. 852, cf. 12. c. inf., it is hard work, difficult to do, πολὺ ἔ. ἂν εἴη διεξελθεῖν X. Mem. 4.6.1; πολὺ ἔ. ἦν τῷ νομοθέτῃ πάντα γράφειν Lys. 10.7; ἔ. ἐστὶν εἰ ἐροῦμεν D. 24.51; ἔ. εὑρεῖν πρόφασιν Men. 76; also μέγα ἔ. ταῖς..ἐπιθυμίαις καλῶς χρῆσθαι Pl. Smp. 187e; χαλεπὸν ἔ. διαιρεῖν Ar. Ra. 1100 (lyr.): also in gen., πλείονος ἔ. ἐστὶ..μαθεῖν Pl. Euthphr. 14b: rarely with a part., οὐδὲν ἔ. μαχομένῳ Philippid. 15.3; ἔ. [ἐστί] c. acc. et inf., it can scarcely happen that.., ἔ. ἅμα πάντας ὀργισθῆναι καὶ ἁμαρτεῖν Arist. Pol. 1286a35.
2. ἔργον παρασχεῖν τινί give one trouble, Ar. Nu. 523, cf. AP 9.161 (Mar Arg., punning on Hesiod's Ἔργα); ἔργον ἔχειν take trouble, c. part., X. Cyr. 8.4.6; c. inf., Id. Mem. 2.10.6.
3. ἔ. γίγνεσθαι τῆς νόσου to be its victim, Anon. ap. Suid. s.v. ἄτολμοι; κτεινόμενος ὑμέτερον ἔ. εἰμί Plu. Eum. 17; τῆς ὑμετέρας γέγονεν ἔ. ὀλιγωρίας Luc. Dem.Enc. 29.
4. ἔI
I. get ready, prepare, ἐμοὶ γέρας αὐτίχ' ἑτοιμάσατ ' Il. 1.118; [ νέας ] Hdt. 6.95; στρατιώτας Acts 23:23; ὁδόν LXX Isaiah 40:3,al.; ἔγκλημα μικρὸν αἰτίαν τε S. Tr. 361; δῶμα E. Alc. 364; βουλήν Id. Heracl. 472; δάκρυα δ' ἑτοιμάζουσι to those furnishing them, Id. Supp. 454; ἀργύριον ῥητόν Th. 2.7, etc.; ἑαυτὸν ἵνα.. Revelation 8:6.
II
1. Med., cause to be prepared, ὄφρ' ἱρὸν ἑτοιμασσαίατ' Ἀθήνῃ Il. 10.571; ἑτοιμάσσαντο δὲ ταύρους Od. 13.184, cf. Hdt. 8.24; ἑτοιμασάμενος ἃ δεῖ Inscr.Prien. 55.34 (ii B.C.).
2. with pf. Pass. ἡτοίμασμαι, prepare for oneself, τἄλλα ἡτοιμάζετο made his other arrangements, Th. 4.77; ὅπως ἑτοιμάσαιντο τιμωρίαν Id. 1.58; πλείονα ἡτοιμασμένος X. Cyr. 3.3.5; τροφὴν ἡτοιμασμένοι D. 23.209; τὰ πρὸς τὸν βίον Epicur. Sent.Vat. 30, cf. Metrod. Fr. 53.
3. prepare oneself, make oneself ready, c. inf., X Revelation 18:1-24; πρὸς τὴν χειμασίαν Plb. 3.105.11.
III Pass., to be prepared, ἔλεγε ἡτοιμάσθαι that preparations had been made, Th. 6.64, cf. 7.62, etc.; ἑ. τι to be prepared with.., Plb. 8.30.7.. ποιεῖσθαί τι to make a matter one's business, attend to it, Pl. Phdr. 232a, X. Hier. 9.10; so ἐν ἔργῳ τίθεσθαι Ael. VH 4.15. = ἐργασία III, τὸ ἔ. βαφέων CIG 3498 (Thyatira).
ἔργον, ἔργου, τό, anciently Φεργον (German Werk, (English work; cf. Vanicek, p. 922)); the Sept. for פֹּעַל, עֲבֹדָה and countless times for מְלָאכָה and מַעֲשֶׂה; work, i. e.
1. business, employment, that with which anyone is occupied: Mark 13:34 (διδόναι τίνι τό ἔργον αὐτοῦ); Acts 14:26 (πληροῦν); 1 Timothy 3:1; thus of the work of salvation committed by God to Christ: διδόναι and τελειουν, John 17:4; of the work to be done by the apostles and other Christian teachers, as well as by the presiding officers of the religious assemblies, Acts 13:2; Acts 15:38; 1 Thessalonians 5:13; Philippians 1:22; τό ἔργον τίνος, genitive of the subjunctive, the work which one does, service which one either performs or ought to perform, 1 Thessalonians 5:13; ἔργον ποιεῖν τίνος to do the work of one (i. e. incumbent upon him), εὐαγγελιστοῦ, 2 Timothy 4:5; τό ἔργον τίνος i. e. assigned by one and to be done for his sake: τό ἔργον τοῦ Θεοῦ τελειουν, used of Christ, John 4:34; (τοῦ) Χριστοῦ (WH text Tr marginal reading κυρίου), Philippians 2:30; τοῦ κυρίου, 1 Corinthians 15:58; 1 Corinthians 16:10; with genitive of thing, εἰς ἔργον διακονίας, Ephesians 4:12, which means either to the work in which the ministry consists, the work performed in undertaking the ministry, or to the execution of the ministry. of that which one undertakes to do, enterprise, undertaking: Acts 5:38 (Deuteronomy 15:10; Wis. 2:12).
2. any product whatever, anything accomplished by hand, art, industry, mind (equivalent to ποίημα, κτίσμα): 1 Corinthians 3:13-15; with the addition of τῶν χειρῶν, things formed by the hand of man, Acts 7:41; of the works of God visible in the created world, Hebrews 1:10, and often in the Sept.; τά ἐν τῇ γῆ ἔργα, the works of nature and of art (Bengel), 2 Peter 3:10; of the arrangements of God for men's salvation: Acts 15:18 Rec.; τό ἔργον τοῦ Θεοῦ, what God works in man, i. e. a life dedicated to God and Christ, Romans 14:20; to the same effect, substantially, ἔργον ἀγαθόν, Philippians 1:6 (see ἀγαθός, 2); τά ἔργα τοῦ διαβόλου, sins and all the misery that springs from them, 1 John 3:8.
3. an act, deed, thing done: the idea of working is emphasized in opposed to that which is less than work, James 1:25; Titus 1:16; τό ἔργον is distinguished from ὁ λόγος: Luke 24:19; Romans 15:18; 2 Corinthians 10:11; Colossians 3:17; 2 Thessalonians 2:17; 1 John 3:18 (Sir. 3:8); plural ἐν λόγοις καί ἐν ἔργοις, Acts 7:22 (4 Macc. 5:38 (37); for the same or similar contrasts, common in Greek writings, see Fritzsche on Romans, iii., p. 268f; Bergler on Alciphron, p. 54; Bornemann and Kühner, on Xenophon, mem. 2, 3, 6; Passow, under the word, p. 1159; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, I. 4; Lob. Paralip., pp. 64f, 525f)). ἔργα is used of the acts of God — both as creator, Hebrews 4:10; and as governor, John 9:3; Acts 13:41; Revelation 15:3; of sundry signal acts of Christ, to rouse men to believe in him and to accomplish their salvation: Matthew 11:2 (cf. ἔργα τῆς σοφίας Matthew 11:19 T WH Tr text), and especially in the Gospel of John, as John 5:20, 36; John 7:3; John 10:38; John 14:11; John 15:24, (cf. Grimm, Instit. theol. dogmat., p. 63, edition 2); they are called τά ἔργα τοῦ πατρός, i. e. done at the bidding and by the aid of the Father, John 10:37; John 9:3f, cf. John 10:25, 32; John 14:10; καλά, as beneficent, John 10:32f; and connected with the verbs δεικνύναι, ποιεῖν, ἐργάζεσθαι, τελειουν. ἔργα is applied to the conduct of men, measured by the standard of religion and righteousness — whether bad, Matthew 23:3; Luke 11:48; John 3:20; Revelation 2:6; Revelation 16:11, etc.; or good, John 3:21; James 2:14, 17f, 20-22, 24-26; James 3:13; Revelation 2:5, 9 (Rec.),
d. Br. an d. Gal., p. 194ff): Romans 3:20, 28; Romans 9:32 Rec.; Galatians 2:16; Galatians 3:2, 5, 10; and simply ἔργα: Romans 4:2, 6; Romans 9:12 (11); Romans 9:32 G L T Tr WH; Romans 11:6; Ephesians 2:9; 2 Timothy 1:9 (see δικαιόω, 3 b.). τά ἔργα τίνος ποιεῖν, to do works the same as or like to those of another, to follow in action another's example: Abraham's, John 8:39; that of the devil, John 8:41.
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ἔργον , -ου , τό
(originally Ϝέργον , work),
[very freq. in LXX, chiefly for H6213, H4399, also for H5656, H6466, etc.;]
1. work, task, employment: Mark 13:34, John 4:34; John 17:4, Acts 13:2, Philippians 1:22; Philippians 2:30, 1 Thessalonians 5:13, al.; of an enterprise or undertaking (Deuteronomy 15:10, Wisdom of Solomon 2:12), Acts 5:38.
2. a deed, action: Titus 1:16, James 1:25; disting. from λόγος , Luke 24:19, Romans 15:18, 2 Thessalonians 2:17, John 3:18; ἐν λόγοις κ . ἔ ., Acts 7:22; of acts of God, John 9:3, Acts 13:41 (LXX), Hebrews 4:10, Revelation 15:3; of Christ, Matthew 11:2; esp. in Jo, e.g. John 5:20; John 5:36; John 7:3; John 10:38; John 14:11-12; John 15:24; in ethical sense, of human actions (AR, Eph., 190), bad or good, Matthew 23:3, Luke 11:48, John 3:20-21, James 2:14 ff. James 3:13, Revelation 2:5; Revelation 3:8; τὸ ἔ ., collectively, Galatians 6:4, James 1:4, 1 Peter 1:17, Revelation 22:12; τὸ ἔ . τ . νόμου , Romans 2:15; ἔ . ἀγαθόν , Romans 2:7, Colossians 1:10, 2 Thessalonians 2:17, Titus 1:16, al.; καλόν , Matthew 26:10, Mark 14:6; pl. (as freq. in cl.), Matthew 5:16, 1 Timothy 5:10; 1 Timothy 5:25, Hebrews 10:24; ἔ . πίοτεως , 1 Thessalonians 1:3, 2 Thessalonians 1:11; ἔ . πονηρά , Colossians 1:21, 2 John 1:11; νέκρα , Hebrews 6:1; Hebrews 9:14; ἄκαρπα , Ephesians 5:11; ἔ . ἀσεβείας , Judges 1:15; τ . σκότους , Romans 13:12, Ephesians 5:11; ἔ . νόμου , Romans 3:20; Romans 3:28, Galatians 2:16; Galatians 3:2; Galatians 3:5; Galatians 3:10.
3. that which is wrought or made, a work: 1 Corinthians 3:13-15; τ . χειρῶν , Acts 7:41; of the works of God, Hebrews 1:10; γῆ κ . τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ ἔ ., 2 Peter 3:10; τὸ ἔ . τ . θεοῦ , Romans 14:20.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
A few miscellaneous exx. of this common word (MGr ἔργο) will suffice : P Petr II. 11(1).3 (mid. iii/B.C.) εἰ δυνατόν ἐστιν καὶ μηθέν σε τῶν ἔργων κωλύει, πειράθητι ἐλθεῖν εἰς τὰ Ἀρσινόεια, P Par 66.71 (i/B.C.) ὧν τὰ ἔργα ἀναβάλουσιν (l. —λλ —), ";whose work is postponed,"; P Oxy XII. 1457.13 (B.C. 4–3) ὄ [νους ] θηλήας δύο. . ἐργαζομένας μου τὰ ἴδια ἔργα, P Ryl II. 154.20 (A.D. 66) τὰ κατ᾽ ἔ [το ]ς γεωργικὰ ἔργα πάντα, and P Tebt II. 423.3 (early iii/A.D.) ἄλλοτέ σοι ἔγραψα ὑπομιμνήσκων περὶ τῶν ἔργων. In P Giss I. 20.16 (ii/A.D.) the word is almost = ";sample";—ἐργά [ζο ]μαι τὰ ἔρι ̣α ̣[ . . . ἃ ] ε ̣͗γρα [ψας. . ὁποῖ ]ον δέ σοι χρῶ [μ ]α ἀρέσ ̣κει, [δήλω ]σον δι᾽ ἐπι [σ ]τολῆς ἢ μεικρὸν ἔρ [γο ]ν (or ἔρ [ιο ]ν, see s.v. ἀρέσκω) αὐτοῦ π [έμψο ]ν.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.