the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2040 - ἐργάτης
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- a workman, a labourer
- usually one who works for hire esp. an agricultural worker
- one who does, a worker, perpetrator
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ἐργᾰτ-ης, ου, ὁ,
I
1. workman, Hermes 17.5 (Delos), Matthew 10:10, etc.; esp. one who works the soil, husbandman, γῆς ἐ. Hdt. 4.109, 5.6; οἱ ἐ. οἱ περὶ γεωργίαν D. 35.32: abs., S. OT 859, E. El. 75, etc.: also with Subst., ἐ. ἀνήρ Theoc. 10.9, D. 59.50; οὑργάτης λεώς the country -folk, Ar. Pax 632; of animals, βοῦς ἐ. a working ox, Archil. 39, S. Fr. 563; ἐ. σφῆκες Arist. HA 627b32; also ἐ. θαλάττης, of a fisher, Alciphr. 1.11; ἐ. λίθων a stone- mason, Luc. Somn. 2. in the religious sense, 2 Timothy 2:15, 2 Corinthians 11:13 (pl.).
2. Adj. hard-working, strenuous, ἐ. στρατηγός X. Cyr. 1.6.18; σώφρων κἀ. Ar. Ach. 611; opp. ἀργός, Pl. Euthd. 281c; φειδωλὸς καὶ ἐ. Id. R. 554a.
II one who practises an art, τῶν ἐν πολέμῳ X. Cyr. 4.1.4; ἐ. δίκης, of a judge, Lyc. 128: abs., practitioner in some special branch of surgery, e.g. lithotomy, ἐ. ἄνδρες Hp. Jusj.
III doer, ἄσημος οὑργ. τις ἤν S. Ant. 252; τῶν καλῶν X. Mem. 2.1.27; ἀνομίας LXX 1 Maccabees 3:6; τῆς ἀδικίας Luke 13:27. producer, τῶν ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ γινομένων Heraclit. 75; [Αἰὼν] θείας φύσεως ἐ. SIG 1125.12 (Eleusis). a sort of capstan or windlass, Bito 58.12, Vitr. 10.2.7,al., Orib. 49.4.1.
ἐργάτης, ἐργάτου, ὁ (ἐργάζομαι);
1. as in Greek writings a workman, a laborer: usually one who works for hire, Matthew 10:10; Luke 10:7; 1 Timothy 5:18; especially an agricultural laborer, Matthew 9:37; Matthew 20:1f, 8; Luke 10:2; James 5:4 (Wis. 17:16); those whose labor artificers employ (i. e. workmen in the restricted sense), Acts 19:25 (opposed to τοῖς τεχνίταις (A. V. craftsmen), Acts 19:24), cf. Bengel at the passage; those who as teachers labor to propagate and promote Christianity among men: 2 Corinthians 11:13; Philippians 3:2; 2 Timothy 2:15, cf. Matthew 9:37; Luke 10:2.
2. one who does, a worker, perpetrator: τῆς ἀδικίας, Luke 13:27 (τῆς ἀνομίας, 1 Macc. 3:6; τῶν καλῶν καί σεμνῶν, Xenophon, mem. 2, 1, 27).
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** ἐργάτης , -ου , ὁ
(< ἐργάζομαι , q.v.),
[in LXX: Wisdom of Solomon 17:17, Sirach 19:1; Sirach 40:18, 1 Maccabees 3:6 *;]
1. prop., a field labourer, husbandman: Matthew 9:37-38; Matthew 20:1-2; Matthew 20:8, Luke 10:2, James 5:4 (cf. Wis, l.c.).
2. Generally, a workman, labourer: Matthew 10:10, Luke 10:7, Acts 19:25 (opp. to τεχνίτης ), 1 Timothy 5:18; of Christian teachers, 2 Corinthians 11:13, Philippians 3:2, 2 Timothy 2:15.
3. a worker, doer: τ . ἀδικίας , Luke 13:27 (cf. 1Mac, l.c.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
P Fay 331 (A.D. 125–6) contains payments to ἐργ (άται) at the rate of 9 obols per man : cf. P Oxy X. 1263.13 (A.D. 128–9) βούλομαι. . . χρήσασθαι τῇ τῶν ἐργ [ατῶν ] ποταμοῦ τέχ [νῃ, ";I wish to practise the trade of a river-worker"; (Edd.), P Ryl II. 98(a).16 (A.D. 154–5) ἕξω δὲ σὺν ἐμαυτῷ ἐργάτας δύο, Chrest. I. 96vii. 17 (accounts of the Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus—A.D. 215) ἐργάταις κ [ωμά ]σασι τὸ ξόανον τοῦ θεοῦ πρὸς [ἀ ]πάντη [σιν τοῦ ] ἡγεμόνος, P Flor I. 3.6 (A.D. 301) ἐργάτας. . . ὄντ [α ]ς εὐθέτους καὶ ἐπιτηδείους. One of the columns of P Loud 1170 verso (A.D. 258–9) (= III. p. 193 ff.), an account of receipts and expenditure by a steward at Theadelphia, is headed—.45 λόγος ἐργατῶν ἀργησάντων. An interesting inscr. dedicated to Αἰών as a deity, Syll 757 (i/A.D.), ends by describing Αἰών as θείας φύσεως ἐργάτης αἰωνίου πάντα, where the editor thinks that the difficult acc. πάντα is best explained by the accidental omission of a preceding κατά. For the subst. ἐργατεία, used in a concrete sense, see BGU IV. 1159.9 (time of Augustus) π ̣α ̣ͅσ ̣α ̣ν ̣] ἐργατήαν παρεσσκευακω ̣ς (l. παρεσκευακώς), and P Oxy XII. 1450.6 (A.D. 249–50), and for ἐργατεύω, as in Tobit 5:5, cf. P Par 63.102 (B.C. 165) (= P Petr III. p. 26) οἳ διὰ τὴν τῶν δεόντων σπάνιν ἐργατεύοντες πορίζονται τὰ πρὸς τὸ ζῆν, ";who, through lack of necessaries, supply themselves with the means of life by hard labour"; (Mahaffy). The adj. is seen in P Fay 111.6 (A.D. 95–6) ἔχων ἐν τῇ [κ ]όμῃ ἐργατικὰ κτήνη δέκα : PSI I. 38.5 (A.D. 101) ὁμολογῶ πεπρακέναι σοι ὃν ἔχω ἐρ ̣γατικὸν ὄνον recalls the μύλος ὀνικός of Mark 9:42. Ἐργάτης is a unique formation for* ἐργότης through the influence of ἐργάζομαι, cf. Boeot. ϝ εργοτίων (Boisacq Dict. Etym. p. 272 n..1). It persists in MGr.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
