Lectionary Calendar

Wednesday, December 18th, 2024
the Third Week of Advent

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Bible Lexicons

Old Testament Hebrew Lexical DictionaryHebrew Lexicon

Strong's #665 - אֵפֶר

Transliteration

ʼêpher

Phonetics

ay'-fer

Origin

from an unused root meaning to bestrew

Parts of Speech

masculine noun

TWOT

150a

Definition

Brown-Driver-Briggs
Strong

Brown-Driver-Briggs' Definition

ashes
(CLBL) worthlessness (figuratively)

Greek Equivalent Words:

Strong #: 2874 ‑ κοπρία (kop‑ree'‑ah); 4700 ‑ σποδός (spod‑os');

Frequency Lists

Book
Word

Verse Results

ASV (22)

Genesis 1

Numbers 2

2 Samuel 1

Esther 2

Job 4

Psalms 2

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 2

Daniel 1

Jonah 1

Malachi 1

BSB (22)

Genesis 1

Numbers 2

2 Samuel 1

Esther 2

Job 4

Psalms 2

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 2

Daniel 1

Jonah 1

Malachi 1

CSB (20)

Genesis 1

Numbers 2

2 Samuel 1

Esther 2

Job 4

Psalms 2

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 2

Daniel 1

Jonah 1

Malachi 1

ESV (22)

Genesis 1

Numbers 2

2 Samuel 1

Esther 2

Job 4

Psalms 2

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 2

Daniel 1

Jonah 1

Malachi 1

KJV (22)

Genesis 1

Numbers 2

2 Samuel 1

Esther 2

Job 4

Psalms 2

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 2

Daniel 1

Jonah 1

Malachi 1

LEB (22)

Genesis 1

Numbers 2

2 Samuel 1

Esther 2

Job 4

Psalms 2

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 2

Daniel 1

Jonah 1

Malachi 1

LSB (22)

Genesis 1

Numbers 2

2 Samuel 1

Esther 2

Job 4

Psalms 2

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 2

Daniel 1

Jonah 1

Malachi 1

N95 (20)

Genesis 1

Numbers 2

2 Samuel 1

Esther 2

Job 4

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 2

Daniel 1

Jonah 1

Malachi 1

NAS (22)

Genesis 1

Numbers 2

2 Samuel 1

Esther 2

Job 4

Psalms 2

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 2

Daniel 1

Jonah 1

Malachi 1

NLT (0)

The World English Bible
did not use
this Strong's Number

WEB (22)

Genesis 1

Numbers 2

2 Samuel 1

Esther 2

Job 4

Psalms 2

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 1

Ezekiel 2

Daniel 1

Jonah 1

Malachi 1

ASV (22)

and ashes 6

ashes 2

for ashes 1

for they shall be ashes 1

in ashes 1

like ashes 1

me with ashes 1

on ashes 1

proverbs of ashes 1

the ashes 2

themselves in the ashes 1

thyself in ashes 1

up the ashes 1

with ashes 1

you to ashes 1

BSB (22)

and ashes 7

ashes 6

in ashes 2

in the dust 1

like ashes 1

of ashes 1

the ashes 3

you to ashes 1

CSB (20)

ashes 15

like ashes 1

of ash 1

the ashes 1

the dust 2

ESV (22)

ashes 22

KJV (22)

ashes 22

LEB (22)

and ashes 7

ashes 5

in the ashes in mourning 1

in the dust 1

like ashes 1

me down in ash 1

of ashes 1

the ashes 2

the ashes of 2

you to ashes 1

LSB (22)

ashes 21

dust 1

N95 (20)

ashes 19

dust 1

NAS (22)

ashes 20

dust 2

NLT (0)

The World English Bible
did not use
this Strong's Number

WEB (22)

and ashes 6

ashes 2

for ashes 1

for they will be ashes 1

in ashes 2

like ashes 1

me with ashes 1

on ashes 1

proverbs of ashes 1

the ashes 2

themselves in the ashes 1

up the ashes 1

with ashes 1

you to ashes 1

Ancient Hebrew Lexicon Definitions

1388) r p (פר PR) AC: Tread CO: Bull AB: Fruitful: The pictograph p is a picture of an open mouth, the r is a picture of a head. Combined these mean "open the head". The heads of grains are scattered on the threshing floor, a smooth, hard and level surface. An ox is lead around the floor crushing the heads, opening them to reveal the seed inside. Also the fruit of trees that harvested. (eng: bull - with the exchange of the b and p and the l and r; fruit, also other fruits with a "pr" such as pear and apricot)

A) r p (פר PR) AC: ? CO: Bull AB: ?

N^m ) r p (פר PR) - Bull: KJV (133): bullock, bull, oxen, calf, young - Strongs: H6499 (פָּר)

N^f1) e r p (פרה PRH) - Heifer: KJV (26): heifer, kine - Strongs: H6510 (פָּרָה)

B) r r p (פרר PRR) AC: Break CO: ? AB: ?

V) r r p (פרר PRR) - Break: To throw something on the ground and break it by trampling. KJV (50): (vf: Paal, Hiphil, Hophal, Pilpel) break, void, defeat, disannul, disappoint, frustrate, nought, cease, clean, dissolved, divide - Strongs: H6565 (פָּרַר)

d^m) r f r p (פרור PRWR) - Skillet: A flat surface for preparing foods. KJV (3): pot, pan - Strongs: H6517 (פָּרוּר)

C) r p a (אפר APR) AC: ? CO: Ash AB: ?: At the conclusion of the treading, an abundance of fruit is acquired. Anything in abundance.

N^m) r p a (אפר APR) - Ash: KJV (24): ash - Strongs: H665 (אֵפֶר), H666 (אֲפֵר)

D) r a p (פאר PAR) AC: ? CO: Decoration AB: ?: The fruits that grow on the branches of a tree as decorations.

V) r a p (פאר PAR) - Decorate: KJV (14): (vf: Hitpael, Piel) glorify, beatify, boast, bough, glory - Strongs: H6286 (פָּאַר)

N^m) r a p (פאר PAR) - Turban: A piece of cloth that is wound around the head as a decoration. KJV (7): goodly, beauty, goodly, ornament, tire - Strongs: H6287 (פְּאֵר)

g^f1) e r a f p (פוארה PWARH) - Branch: KJV (7): branch, bough, sprig - Strongs: H6288 (פֻּארָה)

i^f1) e r a p t (תפארה TPARH) - Decoration: [df: trapt] KJV (51): glory, beauty, beautiful, honour, fair, glorious, bravery, comely, excellent - Strongs: H8597 (תִּפְאֶרֶת)

l^m ) r a r a p (פאראר PARAR) - Blackness: [Unknown connection to root;] [df: rwrap] KJV (2): blackness - Strongs: H6289 (פָּארוּר)

E) a r p (פרא PRA) AC: ? CO: Fruit AB: ?

V) a r p (פרא PRA) - Fruitful: KJV (1): (vf: Hiphil) fruitful - Strongs: H6500 (פָּרָא)

N^m) a r p (פרא PRA) - Wild-ass: A wild animal as prolific. [df: hrp] KJV (10): wild ass - Strongs: H6501 (פֶּרֶה)

H) e r p (פרה PRH) AC: ? CO: Fruit AB: ?

V) e r p (פרה PRH) - Fruitful: KJV (29): (vf: Paal, Hiphil) fruitful, increase, bear, forth, bring - Strongs: H6509 (פָּרָה)

f^m) i r p (פרי PRY) - Fruit: KJV (119): fruit, fruitful, bough, reward - Strongs: H6529 (פְּרִי)

J) r f p (פור PWR) AC: Crush CO: Winepress AB: ?: Grapes are placed in winepress and trampled on to crush the fruit bringing out the juice of the grape.

V) r f p (פור PWR) - Crush: KJV (3): (vf: Hiphil) bring, broken, take - Strongs: H6331 (פּוּר)

N^f1) e r f p (פורה PWRH) - Winepress: KJV (2): winepress, press - Strongs: H6333 (פּוּרָה)

Adopted Roots:

A2604 R u p (Burst)
A2634 D r p (Divide, Seed)
A2635 Z r p (Village)
A2636 H r p (Burst, Bud)
A2637 U r p (Break)
A2638 K r p (Whip)
A2639 M r p (Rip)
A2640 X r p (Split, Hoof)
A2642 Y r p (Spread, Breach)
A2643 Q r p (Tear)
A2740 R s q (Tie, Sash, Conspire)
A2653 R t p (Open, Interpretation)
A2811 R b s (Burst, Grain)

Brown-Driver-Briggs Expanded Definition

אֵ֫פֶר noun [masculine] ashes (as light, flying?) — ׳א absolute Genesis 18:27 +; construct Numbers 19:9,10 — ashes of red heifer, used in purifications Numbers 19:9,10; on head, as sign of humiliation 2 Samuel 13:19; contrition Daniel 9:3 ("" צוֺם, שַׂק), Jonah 3:6 ("" שַׂק) compare Job 42:6 (׳עָפָר וא), Isaiah 58:5 ("" שַׂק); mourning Esther 4:1,3("" שַׂק) compare Job 2:8 (׳ישׁב בתוך הא), Jeremiah 6:26 ("" שַׂק), Ezekiel 27:30 ("" עפר); in simile scattereth hoarfrost ׳כָּא Psalm 147:16; but also as filthy, loathsome ׳כעפר וא Job 30:19 (Di simile of mourning, grief), as worthless, ׳מִשְׁלֵי א Job 13:12 proverbs of ashes; figurative of worthlessness Isaiah 44:20; insignificance ׳עפר וא Genesis 18:27; ignominy Ezekiel 28:18; Malachi 3:21; distress & sorrow כַּלָּחֶם אָכָ֑לְתִּי׳א Psalm 102:10 (so Assyrian compare Zim^{BP 42}) compare Lamentations 3:16; Isaiah 61:3 (מְּאֵר תַּחַת אֵפֶר).

II. אפר ( enclose, envelope, Assyrian apâru, attire Dl^{Proverbs 54}; Thes compare Arabic , cover; MV compare Aramaic , מעפרא, mantle, turban; but connection of √ ()ע׳מּ with אפר is dubious)

Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Definition

אֵפֶר m. ashes. (Perhaps this is a primitive, kindred to the word עָפָר, and pr. denotes dust and earth, compare cinis, from the Gr. κόνις, and the etymology of the pr.n. אֶפְרַיִם, אֶפְרָת. Similar is the Gr. τέφρα. [or from אָפַר II.]). Numbers 19:9, 10 Numbers 19:10; 2 Samuel 13:19. It is used principally in speaking of mourning, Jeremiah 6:26; Lamentations 3:16 to which belong the phrases, Psal. 102:10, “I have eaten ashes like bread.” Esther 4:1, וַיִלְבַּשׁ שַׂק וָאֵפֶר “and he put on sackcloth and ashes,” compare Esther 4:3; Isaiah 58:5. Paronomastically put together, עָפָר וָאֵפֶר “dust and ashes,” Job 30:19, 42:6. Metaph. used of anything light and fallacious. Job 13:12, מִשְׁלֵי אֵפֶר “maxims of ashes,” i.e. vain and fallacious. Isaiah 44:20, רוֹעֶה אֵפֶר “he follows after ashes,” sc. as driven by the wind; i.q. elsewhere, “to follow after the wind,” compare רָעָה. As to its difference from דֶּשֶׁן, see below at that word.

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List of Word Forms

אֵ֑פֶר אֵ֔פֶר אֵ֗פֶר אֵ֙פֶר֙ אֵ֣פֶר אֵ֤פֶר אֵ֭פֶר אפר בָּאֵ֖פֶר בָּאֵֽפֶר׃ בָאֵ֔פֶר באפר באפר׃ הָאֵֽפֶר׃ האפר׃ וָאֵ֑פֶר וָאֵ֔פֶר וָאֵ֙פֶר֙ וָאֵֽפֶר׃ ואפר ואפר׃ כָּאֵ֥פֶר כאפר לְאֵ֙פֶר֙ לאפר ’ê·p̄er ’êp̄er bā’êp̄er ḇā’êp̄er bā·’ê·p̄er ḇā·’ê·p̄er baEfer Efer hā’êp̄er hā·’ê·p̄er haEfer kā’êp̄er kā·’ê·p̄er kaEfer lə’êp̄er lə·’ê·p̄er leEfer vaEfer wā’êp̄er wā·’ê·p̄er