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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #758 - ἄρχων
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- a ruler, commander, chief, leader
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ἄρχων, οντος, ὁ,
(part. of ἄρχω)
I ruler, commander, νεός Hdt. 5.33: abs., A. Th. 674, S. Aj. 668, etc.; chief, king, Ἀσίας A. Pers. 73; ἄ. τοῦ κόσμου τούτου, of Satan, John 16:11, al.
II as official title,
1. chief magistrate, esp. at Athens, Th. 1.126, etc.; οἱ ἐννέα ἄρχοντες IG 2.163; οἱ ἄ., at Sparta, the authorities, Hdt. 6.106: sg., ὁ ἄρχων the eponymous magistrate of the year, IG 1.52, al., Arist. Ath. 3.3, etc.; so in Boeotia, at Delphi, Delos, and elsewhere, IG 7.2407, SIG 295.18, IG 2.814, etc.; = Lat. consul, Plb. 1.39.1.
2. governor of a dependency or province, e.g. in the Athenian Empire, IG 1.62b19, etc.; of a Roman governor, OGI 441.59; = praefectus, Plb. 6.26.5.
3. generally, magistrate, official, Aeschin. 3.29, etc.; opp. ἰδιώτης, SIG 672.16 (Delph.); ruler of a synagogue, Matthew 9:18; president of a club, PLond. 3.1178.6 (ii A. D.).
ἄρχων, ἄρχοντος, ὁ (present participle of the verb ἄρχω) (from Aeschylus down), a ruler, commander, chief, leader: used of Jesus, ἄρχων τῶν βασιλέων τῆς γῆς, Revelation 1:5; of the rulers of nations, Matthew 20:25; Acts 4:26; Acts 7:35; universally, of magistrates, Romans 13:3; Acts 23:5; especially judges, Luke 12:58; Acts 7:27, 35 (where note the antithesis: whom they refused as ἄρχοντα καί δικαστήν, him God sent as ἄρχοντα — leader, ruler — καί λύτρῳ — τήν); Acts 16:19. οἱ ἄρχοντες τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου those who in the present age (see αἰών, 3) by nobility of birth, learning and wisdom, power and authority, wield the greatest influence, whether among Jews or Gentles, 1 Corinthians 2:6, 8; cf. Neander at the passage, p. 62ff Of the members of the Jewish Sanhedrin: Luke 23:13, 35; Luke 24:20; John 3:1; John 7:26, 48; John 12:42; Acts 3:17; Acts 4:5, 8; Acts 13:27; Acts 14:5. of the officers presiding over synagogues: Matthew 9:18, 23; Luke 8:41 (ἄρχων τῆς συναγωγῆς, cf. Mark 5:22 ἀρχισυνάγωγος), and perhaps also Luke 18:18; ἄρχων τῶν Φαρισαίων, one who has great influence among the Pharisees, Luke 14:1. of the devil, the prince of evil spirits: (ὁ) ἄρχων τῶν δαιμονίων, Matthew 9:34; Matthew 12:24; Mark 3:22; Luke 11:15; ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου, the ruler of the irreligious mass of mankind, John 12:31; John 14:30; John 16:11 (in rabbinical writings הָעולָה שַׂר; ἄρχων τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου, Ignatius, ad Eph. 19, 1 [ET] (ad Magn. 1, 3 [ET]); ἄρχων τοῦ καιροῦ τῆς ἀνομίας, the Epistle of Barnabas 18, 2 [ET]); τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος, Ephesians 2:2 (see ἀήρ). (See Hort in Dict. of Chris. Biog., under the word Archon.)
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ἄρχων , -οντος , ὁ
(pres. ptcp. of ἄρχω ),
[in LXX for H5387., H7218, H8269, etc.;]
a ruler, chief: Jesus, Revelation 1:5; rulers of nations, Matthew 20:25, Acts 4:26; Acts 7:35; magistrates, Acts 23:5, Romans 13:3; judges, Luke 12:58, Acts 7:27; Acts 7:35; Acts 16:19; members of the Sanhedrin, Luke 14:1; Luke 23:13; Luke 23:35; Luke 24:20, John 3:1; John 7:26; John 7:48; John 12:42, Acts 3:17; Acts 4:5; Acts 4:8; Acts 13:27; Acts 14:5; rulers of synagogues, Matthew 9:18; Matthew 9:23, Luke 8:41; Luke 18:18; οἱ ἄ . τ . αἰῶνος τούτου , 1 Corinthians 2:6-8; of the devil: ἄ . τῶν δαιμονίων , Matthew 9:34; Matthew 12:24, Mark 3:22, Luke 11:15; ὁ ἄ . τοῦ κόσμου , John 12:31; John 14:30; John 16:11; ἄ . τ . ἐξουσίας τ . ἀέρος , Ephesians 2:2 (MM, s.v.; DB, iii, 838; Ext., 99 f; DCG, ii, 419; DCG, s.v. Archon).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
