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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #266 - ἁμαρτία
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ἁμαρτ-ία, ἡ,
1. a failure, fault, τῶνδ' ἁ. δόμων A. Ag. 1197, etc.; οὐ τῇ ἑαυτοῦ ἁμαρτίᾳ χρῆσθαι Antipho 4.3.4; ἁ. δόξης error of judgement, Th. 1.32.
2. in Philos. and Religion, guilt, sin, Pl. Lg. 660c, al., Arist. EN 1148a3, al., LXX Genesis 18:20, al., John 8:46,al.
ἁμαρτία , -ας , ἡ
(< αμαρτάνω , q.v.),
[in LXX chiefly for H2403 and cogn. forms, also for H5771, H6586, etc.;]
prop, a missing the mark; in cl. (v. reff. to OR in MM, VGT, s.v.);
(a) guilt, sin (Flat., Arist., al.);
(b) more freq., from Æsch. down, a fault, failure. In NT (as LXX) always in ethical sense;
1. as a principle and quality of action, = τὸ ἁμαρτάνειν , a sinning, sin: Romans 5:12-13; Romans 5:20; ὑφ᾽ ἁμαρτίαν εἶναι , Romans 3:9; ἐπιμένειν τῆ ἁ ., Romans 6:1; ἀποθνήσκειν , νεκρὸν εἶναι τῇ ἁ ., Romans 6:2; Romans 6:11; τὴν ἁ . γινώσκειν , Romans 7:7; σῶμα τῆς ἁ ., Romans 6:6; ἀπάτη τῆς ἁ ., Hebrews 3:13; personified as a ruling principle, ἁ . βασιλεύει , κυριεύει , etc., Romans 5:21; Romans 6:12; Romans 6:14; Romans 7:17; Romans 7:20; δουλεύειν τῇ ἁ ., Romans 6:6; δοῦλος τῆς ἁ ., Romans 6:17; νόμος τῆς ἁ ., Romans 7:23; Romans 8:2; δύναμις τῆς ἁ , 1 Corinthians 15:56 (cf. Genesis 4:7).
2. As a generic term (disting. fr. the specific terms ἁμάρτημα , q.v., etc.) for concrete wrongdoing, violation of the divine law, sin: John 8:46, James 1:15, al.; ποιεῖν (τὴν ) ἁ ., John 8:34, 2 Corinthians 11:7, 1 John 3:8; ἔχειν ἁ ., John 9:41; John 15:22; John 15:24; John 19:11, 1 John 1:8; in pl. ἁμλαρτίαι , sin in the aggregate, 1 Thessalonians 2:16 (v. Milligan, in l); ποιεῖν ἁμλαρτίας , James 5:15; πλῆθος ἁμαρτίῶν , James 5:20, 1 Peter 4:8; ἄφεσις ἀμαρτιῶν , Matthew 26:28, Mark 1:4, al.; ἐν ἁμαρτίαις εῖναι , 1 Corinthians 15:17; collectively, αἴρειν τὴν ἁ . τ . κόσμου , John 1:29; ἀποθνήσκειν ἐν τῇ ἁ ., John 8:21.
3. = ἁμάρτημα , a sinful deed, a sin: Matthew 12:31, Acts 7:60, 1 John 5:16,
SYN.: v.s. ἁμάρτημα G265.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
In an inscription of Cyzicus territory (JHS xxvii. (1907) p. 63), which F. W. Hasluck supposes to belong to iii/B.C., we find ἁμαρτίαν μετανόει , and the word is also found in the interesting Syll 63314 ff. (ii/A.D.) which illustrates so many NT words, ὃς ἄν [sic leg.] δὲ πολυπραγμονήσῃ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ἢ περιεργάσηται , ἁμαρτίαν ὀφιλέτω Μηνὶ Τυράννωι , ἣν οὐ μὴ δύνηται ἐξειλάσασθαι . See also P Lips I. 119 recto3 (A.D. 274) . . . τ ]ῶν ἁμαρτιω ̣̑[ν ] τ ̣ὰς πονηρίας συνεχῶ [ς ἀ ]νορθουμένων , P Oxy VIII. 111911 (A.D. 254) αὐτὸς ὑπέσχετο ἀντὶ τῆς ἁμα ]ρτίας , ἀγνοίας π ̣ρ ̣[ό ]ϕ ̣α ̣σιν ὑποτειμησάμενος , ὑποστήσεσθαι τ ̣ο ̣, [με ]τὰ τοῦτ ̣ο τὰς λειτουργίας . On the Greek conception of ἁμαρτία see CR xxv. pp. 195–7, and xxiv. pp. 88, 234.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Fifth Week after Epiphany