Bible Lexicons

The varied uses of ὅσος in the NT can be readily illustrated from our sources. Thus for the meaning ";as great as,"; ";how great,"; ";how much,"; as in Mark 5:19, cf. P Tebt II. 310.4 (A.D. 186) ὥσα (l. ὅσα) ἔχω ἔτη, ";for my term of years"; (Edd.), ib. 314.4 (ii/A.D.) ὅσον κάμ [α ]τον ἤνεγκα, ";how much trouble I had,"; ib. 378.22 (A.D. 265) τὰ ἄλλα ὅσα καθήκει, ";all else that is fitting,"; and P Oxy VI. 903.34 (iv/A.D.) αὐτὴ οἶδεν ὅσα κέκτηται, ";she knows how much she has possessed herself of"; (Edd.). From this it is an easy transition to practically the meaning ";all,"; as in ib. 898.13 (A.D. 123) ὑποθέσθαι ὅσα ἔχω ἐν τῇ Ὀάσε ̣[ι ] κτήματα, ";to mortgage all my property in the Oasis"; (Edd.). The combination πάντα ὅσα, as in Matthew 7:12 al., is very common, e.g. BGU IV. 1113.19 (B.C. 14) πά ]ντα ὅσα ποτ᾽ ἔσχεν [ὁ πατή ]ρ, P Oxy I. 115.5 (ii/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 96) πάντα ὅσα ἧν καθήκοντα ἐποίησα, ";everything that was fitting I did"; : cf. also the rhetorical πολλῶν ὅσων λεχθέντων καὶ ἀντιλεχθέντων (with its curious attraction) in the late P Mon I. 14.31 (A.D. 594). Ὅσος ἐάν (ἄν) generalizes, ";how great soever,"; and in the plur. ";as many soever as"; (Matthew 18:18; Matthew 22:9, al.). Thus in P Amh II. 85.6 ff. (A.D. 78), an application for a five years’ lease of land belonging to orphan children, the writer states that he desires to lease τὰ καταλελιμμένα πάντα καθ᾽ ὁνδηποτοῦν τρόπον τοῖς αὐτοῦ υἱοῖς ὀρφανοῖς ὑπὸ Σαραπίωνος, ";all the property of every kind bequeathed by Sarapion to his orphan sons,"; and adds—καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα ἐὰν ἀφεύρω ἐπ᾽ ὀνόματος τῶν υἱῶν ὀρφανῶν αὐτοῦ Σαραπίωνος, ";and whatever else I may find to be owned by the orphan sons of Sarapion"; (Edd.). For other exx. see P Tebt II. 441 (A.D. 91–2) ἀρούρας δύο ἥμισυ ἢ ὅσαι ἐὰν ὦσι, ";two and a half arourae or as many as there may be,"; P Ryl II. 81.10 (c. A.D. 104) ὅσου ἐὰν χρείαν ἔχωσι ὕδατος, ";as much water as they may have need of,"; P Tebt II. 315.7 (ii/A.D.) ὅπως μοι [πέμψῃς ] ὅσου [ἐ ]ὰν ᾖ, ";that you may send them (sc. garments) to me at any cost,"; and P Ryl II. 243.9 (ii/A.D.) ὅσα ποτὲ οὖν ἐὰν ̣ ἀναναλώσῃς (l. ἀναλώσῃς) ἰς τὴν τοῦ κλήρου κατεργασίαν, ἡμεῖν ἐνλόγησον ἐπὶ λόγου, ";put down to our account everything you expend on the cultivation of the holding"; (Edd.). For εἰς ὅσον, ";as long as,"; see ib. 899.8 (A.D. 200) ἐς ὅσον μὲν οὖν δύναμίς μοι ὑπῆρχεν, ";as long as I had the power"; : cf. Mark 2:19 ὅσον χρόνον. The commoner phase ἐφ᾽ ὅσον, as in Matthew 9:15, al., is seen in P Tor I.1i. 23 (B.C. 116) ὧν οἱ πρόγονοί μου κεκυρίευκαν ἐφ᾽ ὅσον περιῆσαν, ";over which my ancestors exercised lordship as long as they lived,"; and Preisigke 4317.18 (c. A.D. 200) οὐ [δ ]ὲν θέλω παρα <σχεῖν >σοι ἐπφ᾽ ὅσον ἐν Ἀλεξανδρίαν εἰμί, ";I do not wish to provide you with anything as long as I am in Alexandria."; For the same phrase meaning ";as much as"; see the restoration in P Ryl II. 81.6 (c. A.D. 104), ἐφ᾽ ὅσον οἱ κατασπορεῖς ἤθελον, ";as much as the inspectors of sowing wished"; (Edd.). The MGr ἐνόσῳ may mean ";in so far as"; or ";so long as."; Καθ᾽ ὅσον, ";in proportion as,"; is found in Hebrews 3:8; Hebrews 7:20; Hebrews 9:27. Wellhausen (Einl. p. II ) pronounces ὅσον ὅσον in Luke 5:3 D (= ὀλίγον of other MSS. : cf. English so so) ";mehr volkstümlich als literarisch,"; and compares Isaiah 26:20 (hence Hebrews 10:37). The phrase is thus ";not an essential Hebraism, but a vernacular idiom in harmony with the Hebrew"; (Robertson Gr. p. 733; cf. Proleg. p. 97). Radermacher (Gr. p. 57 n..2) cites Acta Philippi 142 βάδιζε ἀνὰ δύο δύο in illustration of the Lucan passage. See also Wackernagel in Glotta, iv. (1913), p. 244 f., who quotes Aristophanes Vesp. 213 τί οὐκ ἀπεκοιμήθημεν ὅσον ὅσον στίλην; here the last words may = τοσοῦτον ὅσον (or ὥστε) στίλην εἶναι, a usage preparing the way for the wider meaning ";just,"; as in Diphilus 43. 14 οὐδὲν ἡδέως | ποεῖ γὰρ οὗτος ἀλλ᾽ ὅσον νόμου χάριν, ";just for form’s sake,"; The Latin employs tantum quod in this sense, e.g. Suet. Aug. 98 navis Alexandrina quae tantum quod adpulerat, ";an Alexandrian ship which had only just come to land"; : cf. also Petron. 37 et modo modo quid fuit? ";and what was she a little while ago?";

 

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