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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #2172 - εὔχομαι
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εὔχομαι,
impf. εὐχόμην (Att. ηὐ -) Il. 3.275, etc.: fut. εὔξομαι Ar. Av. 622 (anap.), etc.: aor. 1 εὐξάμην (Att. ηὐ -) Il. 8.254, etc.: 2 sg. subj. εὔξεαι Od. 3.45: (augm. ηὐ - only Att. acc. to Hdn.Gr. 2.789, Moer. 175): —
I
1. pray, θεοῖς Il. 3.296, Hdt. 8.64, Th. 3.58, etc.; ἀγάλμασι Heraclit. 5; ἀνέμοισι Hdt. 7.178; Ἀργείοισι A. Supp. 980: c.acc. cogn., εὐχὰς εὔ. τοῖς θεοῖς D. 19.130; εὐχὰς ὑπέρ τινος πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς εὔ. Aeschin. 3.18; εὔ. ἔπος to utter it in prayer, Simon. 37.19, Pi. P. 3.2, A. Supp. 1059 (lyr.); μεγάλα, μέγα εὔ., pray aloud, Il. 3.275, Od. 17.239; πολλὰ Ποσειδάωνι 3.54: later, c.acc., Ἄρτεμιν εὔ. AP 9.268 (Antip. Thess.): abs., Il. 7.298, A. Ch. 465 (lyr.), Ar. Fr. 39 D. (lyr.), etc.
2. c. acc. et inf., pray that, Od. 15.353, 21.211, Hdt. 1.31; of an unrealizable wish (cf. εὐχή 2), Arist. EN 1118a32, cf. Macho ap. Ath. 8.341d: c. inf. alone, εὔ. θάνατον φυγεῖν Il. 2.401; τί δοκέεις εὔχεσθαι ἄλλο ἢ.. λαβεῖν; Hdt. 1.27; οἶκον ἰδεῖν Pi. P. 4.293, etc.; τοῖς θεοῖς c. acc. et inf., Pl. Phd. 117c; also εὔ. τοὺς θεοὺς δοῦναί μοι pray that the gods may give, Ar. Th. 351, X. An. 6.1.26; πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς διδόναι Id. Mem. 1.3.2; ταῖς Μούσαις εἰπεῖν Pl. R. 545d, etc.; later εὔ. ἵνα Aristeas 45, D.H. 9.53, Arr. Epict. 2.6.12; ὅπως Wien.Stud. 44.159.
3. c. acc. obj., pray for, long or wish for, χρυσόν Pi. N. 8.37, etc.; εὐχόμενος ἄν τις ταῦτα εὔξαιτο Antipho 6.1; εὔ. τινί τι pray for something for a person, S. Ph. 1019; κακόν τινι Lys. 21.21; also, pray for a thing from.., τοῖς θεοῖς πολλὰ ἀγαθὰ ὑπέρ τινος X. Mem. 2.2.10; τοῖς θεοῖς πολυκαρπίαν ib. 3.14.3; δεινὸν κατά τινος Luc. Abd. 32.
II vow or promise to do.., c. fut. inf., εὔχομαι ἐξελάαν κύνας Il. 8.526; θεοῖσι.. ἑκατόμβας ῥέξειν Od. 17.50, cf. Il. 4.101, Pl. Phd. 58b, IG 12.108.55, 22.112.6 (iv B.C.): c. aor. inf., εὔχετο πάντ' ἀποδοῦναι claimed (the right) to pay in full, Il. 18.499 (unless in signf. 111.3): c. pres. inf., ηὔξω θεοῖς.. ἂν ὧδ' ἔρδειν τάδε; A. Ag. 933, cf. S. Ph. 1032 codd.
2. c. acc. rei, vow a thing, πολλῶν πατησμὸν εἱμάτων A. Ag. 963; ἱερεῖον Ar. Av. 1619; [ λύχνον] περὶ παιδός Call. Epigr. 56.3.
3. εὔ. κατά τινος of the thing vowed (as though on the altar), εὔ. τοῖς θεοῖς κατὰ ἑκατόμβης Plu. Mar. 26, cf. 2.294b; κατὰ νικητηρίων D. Ephesians 1:16.
III
1. profess loudly, boast, vaunt, οὕτω φησὶ καὶ εὔχεται, οὕνεκ' Ἀχιλλεὺς νηυσὶν ἔπι γλαφυρῇσι μένει Il. 14.366; εὑρεῖν Emp. 2.6: mostly, not of empty boasting, but of something of which one has a right to be proud, ταύτης τοι γενεῆς τε καὶ αἵματος εὔχομαι εἶναι Il. 6.211, cf. 8.190; πατρὸς δ' ἐξ ἀγαθοῦ καὶ ἐγὼ γένος εὔχομαι εἶναι 14.113, cf. Pl. Grg. 449a: rarely without inf., ἐκ Κρητάων γένος εὔχομαι (sc. εἶναι) Od. 14.199; τὸ πατρόθεν ἐκ Διὸς εὔχονται Pi. O. 7.23, cf. P. 4.97; πόρτις εὔχεται βοός (sc. εἶναι) A. Supp. 314; ἔνθεν εὔχομαι γένος E. Fr. 696; but also,
2. boast vainlv, brag, εὔχεαι αὔτως Il. 11.388: c. inf., εὔ. δῃώσειν S. OC 1318.
3. simply, profess or declare, ἱκέτης δέ τοι εὔ. εἶναι Od. 5.450; οὔτ' ὦν ἀκοῦσαι οὔτ' ἰδεῖν εὔχοντο Pi. O. 6.53; τίς χθὼν εὔχεται ἥδε [εἶναι ]; A.R. 4.1251; cf. supr. 11.1. Pass., ἐμοὶ μετρίως ηὖκται I have prayed sufficiently, Pl. Phdr. 279c: pf. inf., ταῦτα μὲν ηὖχθαι IG 22.112.12 (iv B.C.); ἡ πανήγυρις ἡ.. εὐχθεῖσα vowed, D.C. 48.32: but plpf. (or non-thematic preterite) ηὔγμην in act. sense, S. Tr. 610; so εὖκτο Thebaïs Fr. 3. (Cf. Skt. óhate 'to (be able to) boast that one is', 'to brag', Avest. aog - 'declare solemnly'.)
εὔχομαι ,
[in LXX chiefly for H5074, also for H6279 hi., etc.;]
to pray: c. acc rei, 2 Corinthians 13:9; c. dat. pers., τ . θεῷ , Acts 26:29; seq. πρὸς τ . θεόν , 2 Corinthians 13:7; c. acc et inf., Acts 27:29, 3 John 1:2; seq. ὑπέρ , James 5:16; ηὐχόμην εἶναι (On impf. here, v. ICC, in l, Lft., Philemon 1:13), Romans 9:3 (Cremer, 718).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
With 3 John 1:2 cf. P Oxy II. 292.11 (c. A.D. 25) (= Selections, p. 38) πρὸ δὲ πάντων ὑγιάνειν (l. ὑγιαίνειν) σε εὔχ [ο ]μαι ἀβασκάντως τὰ ἄριστα πράττων, ";but above all I pray that you may have good health, faring prosperously unharmed by the evil eye."; The verb is very common in similar epistolary phrases in the opening or closing greetings of letters, e.g. P Fay 117.27 (A.D. 108) ἐρρῶσθαί σαι εὔχομαι εἰς τὸν ἀεὶ χρόνον, P Ryl II. 233.15 (letter of a retainer—ii/A.D.) εὔχομαί σε τὸν κύριον ἰδεῖν ἐν μείζοσι προκοπαῖς, ἐν ἁδραῖς εὐημερίαις. ἔρρωσο, κύριε, ";I pray, my lord, that I may see your further advancement and ripe prosperity. Farewell, my lord"; (Edd.), ib. 244.3 (iii/A.D.) πρὸ μὲν πάντων εὔχομαι θεοῖς πᾶσιν [ὅ ]πως ὑγιαίνοντας ὑμᾶς ἀπο [λ ]άβω, .27 ἐρρῶσθαι ὑμᾶς εὔχομαι πολλοῖς χρόνοις, and the Christian P Oxy X. 1298.4 (iv/A.D.) πρὸ παντὸς εὔχομε (l. εὔχομαι) τῷ κυρίῳ θεῷ περὶ τῆς ὁλοκληρίας σου καὶ τῶν φιλτάτων σου. From the inscrr. we may cite OGIS 378 (A.D. 18–9) θεῷ ἁγίῳ ὑψίστῳ ὑπὲρ τῆς Ῥοιμητάλκου καὶ Πυθοδωρίδος ἐκ τοῦ κατὰ τὸν Κοιλα (λ)ητικὸν πόλεμον κινδύνου σωτηρίας εὐξάμενος καὶ ἐπιτυχὼν Γάϊος Ἰούλιος Πρόκ (λ)ος χαριστ (ήρι)ον, and the address to a deceased person in an Alexandrian graffito (Imperial period?) cited by U. von Wilamowitz-Moellen-dorf Berlin. Sitzungsberichte 1902, p. 1098—εὔχομαι κἀγὼ ἐν τάχυ σὺν σοὶ εἶναι : cf. Philippians 1:23 and see Deissmann LAE, p. 305.
The verb is by no means so common in the NT as we might have expected, having given place to the compound προσεύχομαι, perhaps because, like εὐχή, it had come to be ";too much connected with the idea of a vow and a gift promised to God"; (Ramsay ExpT x. p. 13). MGr εὐκοῦμαι, ";bless,"; ";wish well.";
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Week of Proper 8 / Ordinary 13