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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2932 - κτάομαι
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to acquire, get, or procure a thing for one's self, to possess
- to marry a wife
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κτάομαι,
Ion. κτέομαι, only as v.l. in Hdt. 8.112: fut. κτήσομαι Archil. 6.4, Thgn. 200, A. Eu. 289, Th. 6.30, Pl. R. 417a, etc. (in pass. sense, Plot. 2.9.15, s.v.l.); κεκτήσομαι A. Th. 1022, E. Ba. 514, Pl. Grg. 467a (ἐκτήσομαι in La. 192e, and prob. in Emp. 110.4): aor. ἐκτησάμην, κτ -, Od. 14.4, Pi. Pae. 2.59, etc.: pf. κέκτημαι Hes. Op. 437, etc., ἔκτημαι Il. 9.402, A. Pr. 795, Hdt. 2.44, and sts. in Pl. (κεκτῄμεθα and ἐκτῆσθαι in following lines, R. 505b, ἐκτῆσθαι τοῦ κεκτῆσθαι ἕνεκα Tht. 198d); Ion. 3 pl. ἐκτέαται Hdt. 4.23; subj. κέκτωμαι Isoc. 3.49, Pl. Lg. 936b; opt. κεκτῄμην, ῇτο, ib. 731c, 742e, κεκτῴμην E. Heracl. 282 codd.: plpf. ἐκεκτήμην And. 1.74, 4.41, Lys. 2.17, etc.; poet. κεκτήμην E. IA 404; Ion. 3 pl. ἔκτηντο Hdt. 2.108; Att. 1 pl. ἐκτήμεθα f.l. in And. 3.37: for fut. and aor. Pass., v. infr. 111. I pres., impf., fut., and aor.,
I
1 procure for oneself, get, acquire, κτήμασι τέρπεσθαι τὰ γέρων ἐκτήσατο Πηλεύς Il. 9.400, etc.; [ οἰκῆας ] Od.l.c.; γῆν A. Eu. l.c., cf. Pers. 770; of horses, win (as a prize), Pi. N. 9.52; κτήσασθαι βίον ἀπό τινος to get one's living from a thing, Hdt. 8.106; win favour, and the like, χάριν ἀπό τινος, ἔκ τινος, S. Tr. 471, Ph. 1370; παρά τινος X. Smp. 4.43; τὴν εὔνοιαν τὴν παρὰ τῶν Ἑλλήνων Isoc. 5.68; κ. φίλους, ἑταίρους, S. Aj. 1360, E. Or. 804 (troch.); κτήσασθαι παῖδας ἐξ ὁμοσπόρου Id. IT 696, cf. S. OT 1499, Hdt. 8.105; παῖδας ἐς δόμους κτήσασθαι E. Fr. 491, cf. Supp. 225; πολλάκις δοκεῖ τὸ φυλάξαι τἀγαθὰ τοῦ κτήσασθαι χαλεπώτερον εἶναι D. 1.23. of consequences, bring upon oneself, αὑτῷ θάνατον S. Aj. 968; incur, θεᾶς ὀργήν ib. 777; κακά Id. El. 1004; ξυμφοράς E. Or. 543; ἔχθραν πρός τινα Th. 1.42; δυσσέβειαν κ. get a name for impiety, S. Ant. 924; κακὸν λόγον πρὸς ἀστῶν E. Heracl. 166, cf. IT 676; ἐκ τῶν πόνων τὰς ἀρετὰς κ. Th. 1.123. κ. τινὰς πολεμίους make them so, X. An. 5.5.17; οὔ ποτ' εὔνουν τὴν ἐμὴν κτήσῃ φρένα S. Ph. 1281.
2. procure or get for another, ἐμοὶ δ' ἐκτήσατο κεῖνος Od. 20. 265; μέγαν τέκνοις πλοῦτον ἐκτήσω A. Pers. 755 (troch.), cf. X. Oec. 15.1.
II in pf. and plpf. with fut. κεκτήσομαι,
1. to have acquired, i.e. possess, hold (opp. χρῆσθαι, Pl. Euthd. 28o d), οὐδ' ὅσα φασὶν Ἴλιον ἐκτῆσθαι Il. 9.402, cf. X. Cyr. 8.3.46, Pl. Phdr. 260b; ὅπλα μὴ ἐκτῆσθαι Hdt. 1.155, cf. S. Ph. 778; στρατὸν πλεῖστον ἐκτημένοι Hdt. 7.161; κοινὸν ὄμμ' ἐκτημέναι A. Pr. 795; φωνὴν βάρβαρον κεκτ. Id. Ag. 1051; κεκτ. τινὰ σύμμαχον E. Ba. 1343; κ. κάλλος X. Smp. 1.8; ἀρετήν Pl. Prt. 340e; τέχνην Lys. 24.6; ποίησιν to be master of it, Pl. Lg. 829c: dub. in aor., ἀγορὰς κτησάμενοι having market-places, Hdt. 1.153 (leg. στησάμενοι): with impers. subject, πραγμάτων ἀγῶνας κεκτημένων involving effort, Epicur. Sent. 21: — the diff.between pres. and pf. appears from X. Mem. 1.6.3, ἃ [χρήματα] καὶ κτωμένους εὐφραίνει καὶ κεκτημένους.. ποιεῖ ζῆν: later, pres. in pf. sense, Luke 18:12. of evils, ἄγος κεκτήσεται θεῶν A. Th. 1022; κακά E. Hel. 272; φθόνον Pl. Lg. 870c. have in store, opp. ἔχω, have in hand, ready for use, ἔχων τε καὶ κεκτημένος.. κακά S. Ant. 1278; ἔχειν τε καὶ κεκτῆσθαι τὸ ψεῦδος Pl. R. 382b. cf. Tht. 197b, 198d, Cra. 393b; κ. ἱμάτιον own, opp. ἔχειν (wear), Id. Tht. 197b. abs., to be a property-owner, τῶν ἐκτημένων ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ SIG 633.73 (Milet., ii B.C.), cf. 888.15 (iii A.D.).
2. ὁ κεκτημένος owner, master (esp. of slaves), as Subst., Ar. Pl. 4, etc.; οἱ κ. A. Supp. 337; of a husband, E. IA 715; ἡ κεκτημένη my mistress, S. Fr. 762, Ar. Ec. 1126, Men. Pk. 61, al., cf. Phryn.Com. 48.
III aor. 1 Pass. ἐκτήθην in pass. sense, to be gotten, ἃ ἐκτήθη Th. 1.123, 2.36; to be obtained as property, δουλόσυνος πρὸς οἶκον κτηθεῖσα E. Hec. 449 (lyr.), cf. D.H. 10.27, etc.: fut. κτηθήσομαι LXX Jeremiah 32:43 (39). 43. (Act. κτάω very late, PLond. 1.77 (vi A.D.).)
κτάομαι, κτῶμαι; future κτήσομαι (Luke 21:19 L Tr WH); 1 aorist ἐκτησάμην; (from Homer down); the Sept. for קָנָה; to acquire, get or prucure a thing for oneself (cf. Winer's Grammar, 260 (244)); (perfect κέκτημαι, to possess (cf. Winer's Grammar, 274 (257) note); not found in the N. T.): τί, Matthew 10:9; Acts 8:20; ὅσα κτῶμαι, all my income, Luke 18:12; with the genitive of price added (Winer's Grammar, 206 (194)), πολλοῦ, Acts 22:28; with ἐκ and the genitive of price (see ἐκ, II. 4), Acts 1:18; τό ἑαυτοῦ σκεῦος ἐν ἁγιασμῷ καί τιμή, to procure for himself his own vessel (i. e. for the satisfaction of the sexual passion; see σκεῦος, 1) in sanctification and honor, i. e. to marry a wife (opposed to the use of a harlot; the words ἐν ἁγιασμῷ καί τιμή are added to express completely the idea of marrying in contrast with the baseness of procuring a harlot as his 'vessel'; cf. κτᾶσθαι γυναῖκα, of marrying a wife, Ruth 4:10; Sir. 36:29 (Sir. 33:26); Xenophon, symp. 2, 10), 1 Thessalonians 4:4; τάς ψυχάς ὑμῶν, the true life of your souls, your true lives, i. e. eternal life (cf. the opposite ζημιουσθαι τήν ψυχήν αὐτοῦ under ζημιόω), Luke 21:19; cf. Meyer at the passage and Winer's Grammar, p. 274 (257).
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κτάομαι , -ῶμαι ,
[in LXX chiefly for H7069;]
in pres., impf., fut. and aor., to procure for oneself, get, gain, acquire (the pf. and plpf., to have acquired, hence to possess, do not occur in NT): c. acc rei, Matthew 10:9, Luke 18:12, Acts 8:20; c. gen. pret., Acts 22:28; ἐκ c. gen. pret., Acts 1:18; τ ,ψυχὰς ὑμῶν (MM, xvi), Luke 21:19; τ . ἑαυτοῦ σκεῦος κτᾶσθαι , 1 Thessalonians 4:4 (where if σ . = body, κ . must = pf., κέκτημαι ; v. MM, xvi; M, Th., in l; Field, Notes, 72 f. But σ . is most freq. taken as = wife; v. Thayer, s.v.; Lft., Notes, 53 ff.; ICC, in l).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
Occurrences of pres. and aor. may help some difficult NT passages—P Petr II. 8(3).7 (B.C. 246) ἐὰν ] δ ̣έ τινες [κ ?]τήσωντ [αι, ";but if any shall acquire them,"; P Tebt II. 281.11 (B.C. 125) παρὰ τῶν κτωμένων οἰκίας ἢ τόπους, ";from acquirers of houses or spaces,"; ib. I. 5.242 (B.C. 118) μηδ᾽ ἄλλους κτᾶσθαι μηδὲ χρῆσθαι τοῖς τε λινυφαντικοῖς καὶ βυσσουργικοῖς ἐργαλείοις, ";nor shall any other persons take possession of or use the tools required for cloth-weaving or byssus-manufacture"; (Edd.), P Oxy II. 259.6 (A.D. 23) ὀμνύω. . . εἶ μὴν κτήσεσθαι ἡμ [έ ]ρας τριάκοντα ἐν αἷ (l. αἷς) ἀ [πο ]καταστήσω ὃν ἐνγεγύημαι παρὰ σοῦ ἐκ [τ ]ῆς πολιτικῆς φυλα [κ ]ῆς, ";I swear that I have thirty days in which to restore to you the man whom I bailed out of the public prison"; (Edd.), where we seem to have the rather common confusion of aor. and fut. inf., cf. ib. .16 μὴ ἔχοντός μου ἐκξ (= ἐξ)ουσίαν χρόνον ἕτερον [κ ]τ ̣η ̣[σ ]εσθαι, ";and I have no power to obtain a further period of time"; (Edd.), ib. 237vii. 42 (A.D. 186) ὧν ἐὰν κ ̣α ̣ι ̣, ἴδια κτήσωνται μεθέτε ̣ρα, ";of whatever they may acquire themselves besides"; (Edd.). A good illustration for Luke 21:19 ";you shall win your own selves,"; as opposed to ";forfeiting self"; in 9.24, may be found in P Par 63.127 (B.C. 164) (= P Petr III. p. 28) τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἐκ τηλι ̣κ ̣α ̣ύτης καταφθ (ο)ρᾶ [ς ] ἀ ̣ρ ̣τ [ί ]ως ἀνακτωμένους, ";the population recovering from so great a distress"; (Mahaffy). So we say of a sick man, ";He isn’t himself yet."; This same meaning of ";acquire,"; ";gradually obtain the complete mastery of the body,"; is probably to be preferred in 1 Thessalonians 4:4 (as against Thess. p. 49). For the perf. κέκτημαι (not found in the NT) with its present force ";possess"; (cf. Proleg. p. 147) we may cite P Tebt I. 5.97 (B.C. 118) οἱ ] τὴν [σπό ]ριμον κεκτημένοι, P Oxy IV. 705.70 (A.D. 200–2) χωρία κεκτήμεθα, ";own estates,"; ib. VI. 903.34 iv/A.D.) ὅσα κέκτηται, ";how much she has possessed herself of,"; and from the inscrr. Syll 178.14 (end of iv/B.C.) ἔδωκεν. . καὶ αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐκγόνοις, κυρίοις οὖσι κεκτῆσθαι καὶ ἀλλάσσεσθαι καὶ ἀποδόσθαι. See also P Eleph 14.23 (Ptol.) κυριεύσουσιν δὲ καθ᾽ ἃ καὶ οἱ πρῶτον κύριοι ἐκέκτηντο, and the contracted ἐκτῶντο in BGU III. 992 ii. 6 (B.C. 167). Other reff. to the inscriptional evidence will be found in Mayser Gr. p. 340.
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