Bible Lexicons

ἐναντίον,

Adv., v. cross ἐναντίος.

ἐναντίος, α, ον,

I opposite, = ἀντίος (which is rare in Prose):

1 of Place, on the opposite side, opposite, c.dat., ἀκταὶ ἐναντίαι ἀλλήλῃσιν Od. 10.89; Πάτροκλος δέ οἱ.. ἐ. ἧστο Il. 9.190, cf. Od. 23.89: hence, fronting, face to face, αὐτῳ οὔ πω φαίνετ' ἐναντίη 6.329; ὄττις ἐ. τοι ἰσδάνει Sapph. 2.2; δεῖξον.. τὸ σὸν πρόσωπον δεῦρ' ἐ. πατρί before him, E. Hipp. 947; τὰναντία τινί things open to one's sight, X. Cyr. 3.3.345: abs., ἐ. στάνθ' E. Hipp. 1078 (but ἐ. κεῖσθαι look opposite ways, Pl. Smp. 190a). with Verbs of motion, in the opposite direction, ἔνθα οἱ.. ἐναντίη ἤλυθε μήτηρ came to meet him, Il. 6.251; ἐναντίοι ἀλλήλοισιν ὄγμον ἐλαύνωσιν 11.67; δύο ἅμαξαι ἐ. ἀλλήλαις Th. 1.93; ἄνεμος ἐ. ἔπνει X. An. 4.5.3. Astrol., in diametrical aspect, Vett.Val. 70.16, Man. 3.360.

2. in hostile sense, opposing, facing in fight, c. gen., ἐναντίοι ἔσταν Ἀχαιῶν Il. 5.497, cf. S. Aj. 1284, X. An. 4.3.28, etc.: c. dat., Il. 5.12, E. Supp. 856, IT 1415; οἱ ἐ. one's adversaries, A. Th. 375, Gorg. Fr. 12 D., etc.; the enemy, Hdt. 7.225, Th. 4.64, etc. generally, opposed to, τινί X. An. 3.2.10; τὸ ἐ. the opposite party, Id. Ath. 1.4; presenting obstacles, hindering, τινί S. Ph. 642. ὁ δι ἐναντίας the opponent in a alawsuit, PFlor. 1.58.15 (iii A.D.), etc.

3. of qualities, acts, etc., opposite, contrary, reverse, τἀναντί' εἰπεῖν A. Ag. 1373; δίκαια καὶ τἀναντία S. Ant. 667: mostly c.gen., τὰ ἐ. τούτων the very reverse of these things, Hdt. 1.82, cf. Th. 7.75, etc.; δείξας.. ἄστρων τὴν ἐ. ὁδόν, i.e. τὴν τοῦ ἡλίου ὁδὸν ἐ. οὖσαν τοῖς ἄστροις E. Fr. 861: also c. dat., Ὀρφεῖ δὲ γλῶσσαν τὴν ἐναντίαν ἔχεις A. Ag. 1629; τἀναντία πρήσσειν [ τῇ ὑγιείῃ ] Democr. 234; δύο τὰ -ώτατα εὐβουλίᾳ Th. 3.42; ἀγαθῷ κακὸν -ώτερον ἢ τῷ μὴ ἀγαθῷ Pl. R. 491d; ἐναντία λέγει αὐτὸς αὑτῷ Id. Prt. 339b, cf. Ar. Ach. 493; τἀναντία τούτοις Pl. Prt 323d; ἐναντία γνῶναι ταῖς πλείσταις [ πόλεσιν ] X. Lac. 1.2; τὴν ἐ. τινὶ ψῆφον θέσθαι D. 19.65; simply τὴν ἐ. θέσθαι τινί Pl. La. 184d: folld. by ἤ, τοὺς ἐ. λόγους ἢ ὡς αὐτὸς κατεδόκεε Hdt. 1.22; τοὐ. δρῶν ἢ προσῆκ' αὐτῷ ποιεῖν Ar. Pl. 14; τοὐ. ἔπαθεν ἢ τὸ προσδοκώμενον Pl. Lg. 966e, cf. R. 567c, etc.: freq. strengthd., πᾶν τοὐ., πάντα τἀ., quite the contrary, Lg. 967a, X. Mem. 3.12.4; πολὺ τοὐ. Stratt. 57; τὸ δὲ πολὺ ἐναντίον ἀποβήσεται Pl. Ap. 39c. τὰ ἐ. opposites in Philos., Pherecyd.Syr. 3, Arist. Metaph. 986b3, etc.

4. in the Philos. of Arist., τἀναντία (dist. fr. other ἀντικείμενα, Metaph. 1018a25) are contraries, esp. the two attributes within the same genus which differ most widely from each other (as hot and cold), Cat. 6a18, al. ἐ. ἀποφάνσεις, προτάσεις, contrary propositions (All B is A, No B is A), opp. contradictory (v. ἀντιφατικῶς), Id. Int. 17b4, APr. 63b28.

II freq. in Adv. usages:

1 from Hom. downwds., neut. ἐναντίον as Adv., opposite, facing, ἐ. ὧδε κάλεσσον here to my face, Od. 17.544; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι ἐ. to look one in the face, 23.107; ἐ. προσβλέπειν τινά E. Hec. 968, etc.; γυναῖκας ἀνδρῶν μὴ βλέπειν ἐ. ib. 975: abs., D. 4.40, etc.: hence, like a Pr c. gen., in the presence of, τῆς βουλῆς IG 12.91; τῶνδ' ἐ. S. OC 1002; μαρτύρων ἐ. Ar. Ec. 448; ἐ. τοῦ παιδίου Id. Lys. 907; ἐ. ἁπάντων λέγειν Th. 6.25; ἐ. Διός Plb. 7.9.2; also neut. pl., IG 7.1779 (Thespiae). in hostile sense, against, c. gen., ἀνέσταν.. σφοῦ πατρὸς ἐ. Il. 1.534; ἐ. ἰέναι τινός 21.574; ἐ. μάχεσθαί τινος 20.97; ἐ. ἵστασ' ἐμεῖο 13.448: abs., ἐ. μίμνειν stand one's ground against, ib. 106: c. dat., νεικεῖν ἀλλήλοισιν ἐ. 20.252; ἐ. θεοῖς E. Or. 624; ἐ. τῷ ὅρκῳ πράττειν IG 22.1258.2. contrariwise, in Att. also with the Art., τοὐναντίον on the other hand, τοὐ. δέ.. Antiph. 80.4; ἢ πάλιν τοὐ. Men. 460.5; conversely, Pl. Men. 89e. neut. pl. ἐναντία as Adv., c. dat., Hdt. 6.32, Th. 1.29, etc.

2. with Preps., ἐκ τοῦ ἐ. over against, opposite, opp. ἐκ πλαγίου, X. HG 4.5.15, etc.; ἐξ ἐναντίας, Ion. -ίης, Hdt. 7.225, Th. 4.33 (οἱ ἐξ ἐ. the opposing parties, prob. in PGrenf. 2.78.26 (iv A. D.)); ἐκ τῶν ἐ. on the contrary, Plb. 5.9.9; ἀπ' ἐναντίας Ascl. Tact. 1.2; ἀπ' ἐ. Χωρεῖν Procop. Arc. 4; κατὰ τὰ ἐ. Pl. Ti. 39a: Geom., αἱ κατ' ἐναντίον τοῦ παραλληλογράμμου πλευραί the opposite sides of the parallelogram, Archim. Aequil. 1.9; αἱ κατ' ἐ. τομαί opposite sections (i. e. branches) of the hyperbola, Apollon.Perg. Con. 3.23.

3. regul. Adv. -ίως contrariwise, c. dat., τούτοις οὐκ ἐ. λέγεις A. Eu. 642; ἐ. διακεῖσθαί τινι Pl. R. 361c; ἐ. ἀντικεῖσθαι Arist. Int. 17b20; πικρῶς καὶ ἐ. like an enemy, D. 19.339; ἐ. ἢ ὡς ἀνδραπόδοις τραφεῖσι Pl. Tht. 175d; ἐ. ἔχειν to be exactly opposed, Id. Euthd. 278a; πρός τι to be contrary in respect of.., D. 1.4; in the Logic of Arist., Metaph. 1057b11, al., cf. Procl. in Alc. p.268C.