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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #3220 - יָם
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- sea
- Mediterranean Sea
- Red Sea
- Dead Sea
- Sea of Galilee
- sea (general)
- mighty river (Nile)
- the sea (the great basin in the temple court)
- seaward, west, westward
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
1220) mi (ימ YM) AC: ? CO: Sea AB: Terror: The pictograph i is a picture of a hand representing work, the m is a picture of water. Combined these mean "working water". The sea or other large body of water is the place of storms and heavy surf. This parent root is closely related to me.
A) mi (ימ YM) AC: ? CO: Sea AB: ?
Nm ) mi (ימ YM) - Sea: Also the direction of the sea, the west. [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (398): sea, west, westward, seafaring men - Strongs: H3220 (יָם), H3221 (יַם)
B) mmi (יממ YMM) AC: ? CO: Spring AB: ?: A spring of water in the wilderness.
Nm) mmi (יממ YMM) - Spring: KJV (1): mule - Strongs: H3222 (יֵמִם)
C) mia (אימ AYM) AC: ? CO: ? AB: Terror: The sea is considered a place of chaos and terror because the depth, storms and heavy surf.
Nf1) emia (אימה AYMH) - Terror: KJV (17): terror, fear, terrible, dread, horror, idols - Strongs: H367 (אֵמָה)
cm) mfia (איומ AYWM) - Terrible: KJV (3): terrible - Strongs: H366 (אָיֹם)
J) mfi (יומ YWM) AC: ? CO: Day AB: ?: The day ends and the new day begins when the sun sets in the west, over the Mediterranean sea.
Nm) mfi (יומ YWM) - Day: [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (2290): day, time, daily, every, year, continually, when, as, while, full, alway, whole - Strongs: H3117 (יוֹם), H3118 (יוֹם)
pm) mmfi (יוממ YWMM) - Day: KJV (51): day, daytime, daily, time - Strongs: H3119 (יוֹמָם)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
1 Mediterranean Numbers 13:29 (E), Numbers 34:5 (P), Deuteronomy 1:7; Joshua 5:1; 1 Kings 5:23 (twice in verse); Jonah 1:4 (twice in verse) + often; the Mediterranean is called also הַיָּם הַגָּדוֺל Numbers 34:6,7; Joshua 15:12,47; Ezekiel 48:28 +, compare וּרְחַב יָדַיִם׳גּ ׳הַיּ Psalm 104:25; מְבוֺא׳הַיָּם חַגּ הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ Joshua 1:4; Joshua 23:4 (see Assyrian name of Mediterranean tiamtu rabitu ša sulmu šamši, etc., Schr Namender Meere. 171ff.); אֶלמֿוּל הַלְּבָנוֺן׳הַגּ ׳הַיּ Joshua 9:1; הָאַחֲרוֺן׳הַיּ the hinder sea Deuteronomy 11:24; Deuteronomy 34:2; Zechariah 14:8; Joel 2:20 (in the last two opposed to הַקַּדְמֹנִי׳הַיּ, see below); of Mediterranean in particular part יָם מְּלִשְׁתִּים Exodus 23:31 (JE); יָם יָפוֺ 2 Chronicles 2:15 = יָם יָפוֺא Ezra 3:7. ** Of Mediterranean in plural Daniel 11:45 [compare 8 d] Hi Ke Meinh Bev Dr (world-encircling seas Behrm).
2יַםסֿוּף 'Red Sea' (see סוּף) Exodus 13:18 (compare Exodus 10:19), Exodus 15:4; Numbers 14:25; Deuteronomy 1:40; Joshua 2:10; Judges 11:16 + often; also הַיָּם Exodus 14:2 (twice in verse); Exodus 14:9; Isaiah 51:10 (twice in verse); Isaiah 63:11 +; probably also יָםמִֿצְרַיִם Isaiah 11:15; 'Red Sea' named or referred to approximately 66t.; יִםסֿוּף clearly of lanitic Gulf 1 Kings 9:26 (compare 2 Chronicles 8:17).
3 Dead Sea, יָםמֶלַח sea of salt Genesis 14:3; Numbers 34:3,12; Deuteronomy 3:17; Joshua 3:16; Joshua 12:3; Joshua 15:2,5; Joshua 18:19; יָם הָעֲרָבָה Deuteronomy 3:17; Deuteronomy 4:49; Joshua 3:16; Joshua 12:3; 2 Kings 14:25; הַקַּדְמֹנִי׳הַי Ezekiel 47:18; Zechariah 14:8; Joel 2:29 (see above); simply יָם Isaiah 16:8; Jeremiah 48:32; — in יָם יַעְזֵר Jeremiah 48:32 יָם is textual error, strike out with Gf Gr Che Gie.
4 Sea of Galilee יָם כִּנֶּרֶת Numbers 34:11; Joshua 13:27; יָם כִּנְּרוֺת Joshua 12:3; simply יָם Deuteronomy 33:23.
5 more Generally sea, opposed to earth and (or) sky Genesis 1:26,28; Genesis 9:2 (P), Exodus 20:11 (E), Haggai 2:6 #NAME? Job , Psalm , Isa2 etc.; Amos 6:12 read בַּבָּקָר יָם for בקרים (see בָּקָר); sea as under earth Psalm 24:2 (compare Genesis 1:10; Genesis 6:11; Exodus 20:5 = Deuteronomy 5:3); figurative of flood of invaders, עָלָה עַלבָּֿבֶל הַיָּם Jeremiah 51:42.
6 of a mighty river, the Nile Nahum 3:8 (twice in verse); Isaiah 19:5 ("" נָהָר); compare הַתַּנִּין אֲשֶׁר בַּיָּם Isaiah 27:1 and כַּתַּנִּים בַּיַּמִּים Ezekiel 32:2 (simile of Pharaoh); of Euphrates Isaiah 21:1; Jeremiah 51:36 (according to Che Gf and others; Isaiah 21:1 perhaps better of Persian Gulf, see Di).
7 the great basin in temple-court, called the sea: וַיַּעַשׂ אֶתהַֿיָּם מוּצָק 1 Kings 7:23 2 Chronicles 4:2; יָם הַנְּחשֶׁת 2 Kings 25:13; 1 Chronicles 18:8; Jeremiah 52:17; הַיָּם alone 1 Kings 7:24,25 10t. Kings Chronicles + Jeremiah 52:20.
8 combinations are:
a. shore of sea, sea-shore שְׂפַת הַיָּם Joshua 11:4; 1 Kings 5:9, and in simile Genesis 22:17; Judges 7:12; 1 Samuel 13:5; ׳חוֺף הַי Joshua 9:1; Ezekiel 25:16; חוֺף יַמִּים Genesis 49:13; Judges 5:17; compare חֶבֶל הַיָּם Zephaniah 2:5 region by the sea; so Zephaniah 2:6 but dubious, see I. חֶבֶל
3. b. sand of the sea (shore) חוֺל הַיָּם (in simile) Genesis 32:13; Genesis 41:49; Hosea 2:1; Isaiah 10:22 + often (see חוֺל); חוֺל גְּבוּל לַיָּם Jeremiah 5:22.
c.לְשׁוֺן הַיָּם tongue (arm or gulf) of sea Joshua 15:5; Joshua 18:19; Isaiah 11:5.
d.מִיָּם עַדיָֿם Amos 8:12; Zechariah 9:10; Psalm 72:8, compare Micah 7:12; Zechariah 14:8 (twice in verse); Joel 2:20 (twice in verse); Daniel 11:45.
9 = (west, west-word (originally sea-ward, from position of Mediterranean with reference to Palestine, and this sense still often perceptible): with other three points of compass Genesis 13:14; Genesis 28:14 (J), Numbers 2:18; Numbers 35:5 (P), Deuteronomy 3:27; 1 Kings 7:25; 1 Chronicles 9:24; 2 Chronicles 4:4; Ezekiel 42:19 6t. Ezekiel; Zechariah 14:4; Daniel 8:4; Psalm 107:3 (מִמִּזְרָח וּמִמַּעֲרָב מִצָּפוֺן וּמִיָּם; but read perhaps וּמִיָּמִן from the south, Hu Pe Bi Che); opposed to east Joshua 11:2; Joshua 16:6 16t. Ezekiel 48; west alone Genesis 12:8 (J); רוּהַ יָם Ezekiel 10:19 (J) west wind; מִיָּם לְ westward Joshua 8:9,12,13 +; יָ֫מָּה westward, often of tabernacle Exodus 26:22,27; Numbers 3:23 #NAME? Joshua 5:1; Joshua 15:8,10 etc., + often Ezekiel; דֶּרֶךְ הַיָּם = westward Ezekiel 41:12; גְּבוּל יָם western border Numbers 34:6 (twice in verse); Joshua 15:2; מְּאַתיָֿם west side Exodus 27:12; Exodus 38:12; Numbers 35:5; Joshua 18:14; מְּאַת דרךהים Ezekiel 41:12 (see further פאה).
[יַם] noun masculine sea (ᵑ7 Syriac; see B יָם, √ ימם); — emphatic יַמָּא Daniel 7:2,3.
יָם const. יָֽם־ more rarely יַם־; with suff. יַמָּהּ Jeremiah 51:36 with ה parag. יָ֫מָּה; pl. יַמִּים m.
(1) the sea (Arab. يَمُ, Syr. ܝܰܡܐܳ and ܝܡܰܬܐܳ but the latter word is generally used for a lake; Ægypt. ⲟⲙ id. A derivation is scarcely to be sought; however it may be conjectured that it properly denotes, the boiling, foaming of the sea; compare יוֹם and יֵמִים; [referred in Thes. to the unused root יָמַם]). Used either of the ocean or any of its parts, or of inland lakes (Job 14:11, Syr. ܝܰܡܬܳܐ) So יָֽם־כִּנֶּרֶת the lake of Tiberius, Numbers 34:11 יָֽם־הַמֶּלַח Genesis 14:3 (the salt sea), יָם הָֽעֲרָבָה (sea of the desert) Deuteronomy 4:49, יָם קַדְמֹנִי (eastern sea) Joel 2:20; Zechariah 14:8, lacus Asphaltites, or the Dead Sea; יַם־סוּף (the weedy sea, see סוּף ) and יַם־מִצְרַיִם Isaiah 11:15, the Red Sea; הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל the great sea, Numbers 34:6, Numbers 34:7, and הַיָּם הָֽאַחֲרוֹן the hinder, i.e. the western sea, Deuteronomy 11:24, for the Mediterranean sea; הַיָּם with art. used (as shown by the context) of the Mediterranean sea, Joshua 15:47 the sea of Galilee, Isa. 8:23 the Red Sea, Isaiah 10:26 the Dead Sea, Isaiah 16:8 הֲמוֹן יָם wealth of the sea, is the wealth of maritime and trans-marine nations (הָאִיִּים) procured by sea voyages; Isaiah 60:5, i.q. שֶׁפַע יַמִּים Deuteronomy 33:19; Job 7:12, הֲיָם אֲנִי אִם תַּנִּין כִּי וגו׳ “am I a sea, or a seamonster, that,” etc., i.e. am I untamed like the sea? Lamentations 2:13, גָּדוֹל כַּיָּם שִׁבְרֵךְ “thy ruin is great like the sea.” Plur. יַמִּים seas, poet. for the sing., e.g. for the prose חוֹל הַיָּם Genesis 32:13, 41:49 poet. is said חוֹל יַמִּים Genesis 49:13; Job 6:3; Judges 5:17; Psalms 78:27. Figuratively and hyperbolically יָם־הַנְּחשֶׁת the sea of brass was the name of the great laver in the inner court of Solomon’s temple, 2 Kings 25:13; 1 Chronicles 18:8. The name of sea is also applied to
(2) a great river, as the Nile, Isaiah 19:5; Nahum 3:8 the Euphrates, Isaiah 27:1; Jeremiah 51:36 pl. of the arms of the Nile, Ezekiel 32:2. (So Arab. يَمُّ and بَحْرُ compare Diod. i. 12, 96. More instances have been given on Isaiah 19:5.)
(3) the west, the western quarter, from the Mediterranean sea being situated to the west of Palestine; רוּחַ יָם the west wind, Exodus 10:19 פְּאַת־יָם the west side, Exodus 27:12, 38:12 יָמָּה westward, Genesis 28:14; Exodus 26:22 (also to the sea, Exodus 10:19, for which there is more frequently הַיָּמָּה); מִיָּם from the west, Genesis 12:8 מִיָּם לְ on the west of any place, Joshua 8:9, 12 Joshua 8:12, 13 Joshua 8:13. Twice (Psalms 107:3; Isaiah 49:12) יָם is joined with the north (צָפוֹן); and on this account some suppose it, at least in these places, to signify the south; but elsewhere, also quarters which are not opposite but near together are spoken of in the same connexion; compare Amos 8:12; Deuteronomy 33:23.
יָם emphat. יַמָּא Ch. the sea. Daniel 7:2,.