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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1080 - γεννάω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- of men who fathered children
- to be born
- to be begotten
- of women giving birth to children
- metaph.
- to engender, cause to arise, excite
- in a Jewish sense, of one who brings others over to his way of life, to convert someone
- of God making Christ his son
- of God making men his sons through faith in Christ's work
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γενν-άω,
fut. Med. γεννήσομαι in pass. sense, D.S. 19.2 (but -ηθήσομαι Id. 4.9): (γέννα): —
1. causal of γίγνομαι (cf. γείνομαι), mostly of the father, beget, ὁ γεννήσας πατήρ S. El. 1412; οἱ γεννήσαντές σε your parents, X. Mem. 2.1.27; τὸ γεννώμενον ἔκ τινος Hdt. 1.108, etc.; ὅθεν γεγενναμένοι sprung, Pi. P. 5.74; of the mother, bring forth, bear, A. Supp. 48, Arist. GA 716a22, X. Lac. 1.3, etc.: — Med., produce from oneself, create, Pl. Ti. 34b, Mx. 238a.
2. produce, grow, get, κἂν σῶμα γεννήσῃ μέγα S. Aj. 1077.
3. metaph., engender, produce, λήθη τῶν ἰδίων κακῶν θρασύτητα γεννᾷ Democr. 196; παντοίαν ἀρετήν Pl. Smp. 209e; διανοήματά τε καὶ δόξας Id. R. 496a, etc.; γεννῶσι τὸν οὐρανὸν [οἱ φιλόσοφοι ] call it into existence, Arist. Cael. 283b31; ὁ ἐξ ἀσωμάτου γεννῶν λόγος ib. 305a16, cf. Plot. 6.6.9; of numbers, produce a total, Ph. 1.347.
γεννάω, γέννω; future γεννήσω; 1 aorist ἐγέννησα; perfect γεγέννηκά; (passive, present γεννάομαι, γεννωμαι); perfect γεγέννημαι; 1 aorist ἐγεννήθην; (from γεννᾷ, poetic for γένος); in Greek writings from Pindar down; in the Sept. for יָלַד; to beget;
1. properly: of men begetting children, Matthew 1:1-16; Acts 7:8, 29; followed by ἐκ with the genitive of the mother, Matthew 1:3, 5, 6; more rarely of women giving birth to children, Luke 1:13, 57; Luke 23:29; John 16:21; εἰς δουλείαν to bear a child unto bondage, that will be a slave, Galatians 4:24 ((Xenophon, de rep. Lac. 1, 3); Lucian, de sacrif. 6; Plutarch, de liber. educ. 5; others; the Sept. Isaiah 66:9; 4 Macc. 10:2, etc.). Passive, to be begotten: τό ἐν αὐτῇ γεννηθέν that which is begotten in her womb, Matthew 1:20; to be born: Matthew 2:1, 4 (Winers Grammar, 266 (250); Buttmann, 203 (176));
2. metaphorically,
a. universally, to engender, cause to arise, excite: μάχας, 2 Timothy 2:23 (βλαβην, λύπην, etc. in Greek writings).
b. in a Jewish sense, of one who brings others over to his way of life: ὑμᾶς ἐγέννησα I am the author of your Christian life, 1 Corinthians 4:15; Philemon 1:10 (Sanhedr. fol. 19, 2 "If one teaches the son of his neighbor the law, the Scripture reckons this the same as though he had begotten him"; (cf. Philo, leg. ad Gaium § 8)).
c. after Psalm 2:7, it is used of God making Christ his son;
a. formally to show him to be the Messiah (υἱόν τοῦ Θεοῦ), viz. by the resurrection: Acts 13:33.
b. to be the author of the divine nature which he possesses (but compare the commentaries on the passages that follow): Hebrews 1:5; Hebrews 5:5.
d. peculiarly, in the Gospel and First Epistle of John, of God conferring upon men the nature and disposition of his sons, imparting to them spiritual life, i. e. by his own holy power prompting and persuading souls to put faith in Christ and live a new life consecrated to himself; absolutely 1 John 5:1; mostly in passive, ἐκ Θεοῦ or ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐγεννήθησαν, γεγέννηται, γεγεννημένος, etc.: John 1:13; 1 John 2:29 (Rec.st γεγένηται);
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γεννάω , -ῶ
(< γέννα , poët. for γένος ),
[in LXX chiefly for H3205;]
1. of the father, to beget: c. acc, Matthew 1:1-16, Acts 7:8; Acts 7:29; seq. ἐκ , Matthew 1:3-6
2. Of the mother, to bring forth, bear: Luke 1:13; Luke 1:57; Luke 23:29, John 16:21; εἰς δουλείαν , Galatians 4:24. Pass.
(1) to be begotten: Matthew 1:20;
(2) to be born: Matthew 2:1; Matthew 2:4; Matthew 19:12; Matthew 26:24, Mark 14:21, Luke 1:35, John 3:4, Acts 7:20, Romans 9:11, Hebrews 11:23; seq. εἰς , John 16:21; John 18:37, 2 Peter 2:12; ἐν , Acts 2:8; Acts 22:3, (ἁμαρτίαις ), John 9:34; ἀπό , Hebrews 11:12 (WH, mg., ἐγεν -); ἐκ , John 1:13; John 3:6; John 8:41; c. adj., τυφλὸς γ ., John 9:2; [Ῥωμαῖος ], Acts 22:28; κατὰ σάρκα : κ . πνεῦμα : Galatians 4:29. Metaph.; μάχας , 2 Timothy 2:23; ὑμᾶς ἐγέννησα , 1 Corinthians 4:15, (ὅν ), Philemon 1:10; in quotation, Psalms 2:7 (LXX), Acts 13:33, Hebrews 1:5; Hebrews 5:5; of Christians as begotten of God, born again: John 1:13; John 3:3-8, 1 John 2:29; 1 John 3:9; 1 John 4:7; 1 John 5:1; 1 John 5:4; 1 John 5:18 (cf. ἀνα -γεννάω ); (Cremer, 146).†
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P Fay 28.9 (A.D. 150–1) (= Selections, p. 82) ἀπογραφόμεθα τὸν γεννηθέντα ἡμεῖν . . . υἱόν : the same formula in BGU I. 111.12 (ii/A.D.). P Gen I. 19.14 (A.D. 148) μηδέ [π ]ω μου γεννηθ (είσης ), ib. 33.11 (A.D. 156) γεννηθέντα [τ ]ῷ ις ̄ (ἔτει ) Ἀντω [νίνου ] Καίσαρος , Syll 406.9 (A.D. 147) συνησθέντες μοι γεννηθέντος υἱοῦ (of civic congratulations sent to Antoninus), C. and B. ii. 590 (p. 656) Λούκιος γυν [αι ]κὶ ἰδίᾳ σεμνοτάτῃ , γεννηθείσῃ ἔτους ρ ̄ξ ̄α ̄ (= A.D. 77), BGU I. 132 ii. 5 (ii/A.D.) Ἥρων ἄλλος υἱὸς μη (τρὸς ) τῆς α (ὐτῆς ) γεννηθ (είς ). The confusion of forms from γίνομαι and forms from γεννάω , which gave a start to the mixing of γένημα and γἑννημα , produces in BGU I. 28.16 (A.D. 183) and 110.14 (A.D. 138–9) the form γενηθέντα : see Deissmann BS p. 184. With Mark 14:21 cf. OGIS 458.10 διὸ ἄν τις δικαίως ὑπολάβοι τοῦτο ἁτῶι ἀρχὴν τοῦ βίου καὶ τῆς ζωῆς γεγονέναι , ὅ ἐστιν πέρας καὶ ὅρος τοῦ μεταμέλεσθαι , ὅτι γεγέννηται . In MGr γεννῶ = ";beget,"; ";give birth to,"; and of birds ";lay"; (eggs). The derivative ἐπιγέννησις , P Gen I. 33.15 (A.D. 156) al., means a ";birth subsequent to"; (a census, etc.). For the noun γέννα , whence this verb is derived, cf. P Leid Wix. 47 (ii/iii A.D.) ὃ καλοῦσι Ὥρου γένναν , x. 8 ἔστιν γὰρ γέννα κόσμου .
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