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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #7901 - שָׁכַב
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
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2834) bks (סהכב ShKB) AC: Lay CO: Bed AB: Copulation: A laying down for copulation. [from: bs]
V) bks (סהכב ShKB) - Lay: To lay down for copulation, rest or sleep. KJV (212): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Hiphil, Hophal, Pual) lie, sleep, rest - Strongs: H7901 (שָׁכַב)
Nf1) ebks (סהכבה ShKBH) - Lying: A laying with another in copulation. Also something spread out. KJV (9): copulation, lie, carnally, from - Strongs: H7902 (שִׁכְבָה)
cf2) tbfks (סהכובת ShKWBT) - Copulation: KJV (4): lie - Strongs: H7903 (שְׁכֹבֶת)
hm) bksm (מסהכב MShKB) - Bed: [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (52): bed, couch - Strongs: H4903 (מִשְׁכַּב), H4904 (מִשְׁכָּב)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
שָׁכַב fut. יִשְׁכַּב, inf. שְׁכַב with suff. שִׁכְבָהּ Genesis 19:33, and שָׁכְבְּךָ (from שְׁכֹב), Deuteronomy 6:7 imp. שְׁכַב, with ה parag. שִׁכְבִה to lie, to lie down. (Syr., Ch., and Eth. ሰከበ፡ id., but Arab. سكب to pour out, which is done by inclining a vessel. The primary stock is כב, כף, which has the power of bending, inclining oneself, compare under כָּפַף, Gr. Lat. κύπτω, cubo, cumbo. As to a sibilant prefixed to a biliteral stock to form triliterals, see p. 783, A. ) Psalms 68:14, “would that ye lay amongst the stalls” (shepherds to take rest). Isaiah 50:11, “ye shall lie down in sorrow.” 1 Kings 3:19, “(the woman) had lain upon it” (the child), and had smothered it; also to lay one’s self down (fich legen), Ezekiel 4:6, “lie on thy right side,” lege dich auf die rechte Seite. Specially used
(a) of those who are going to sleep, to lay oneself down to sleep, Genesis 19:4, 28:11 1 Samuel 3:5, 1 Samuel 3:6, 1 Samuel 3:9; Psalms 3:6, 4:9 1 Kings 19:5; Job 7:4; Proverbs 3:24 and as being asleep, 1 Samuel 3:2; 2 Samuel 11:9; 1 Samuel 26:7; 1 Kings 21:27 also as taking rest, Psalms 68:14 hence to rest, Ecclesiastes 2:23, “even at night his heart doth not rest.” Job 30:17, “my gnawing (pains) take no rest.”
(b) used of those who are sick, 2 Samuel 13:6; 2 Kings 9:16.
(c) of mourners, 2 Samuel 12:16.
(d) of those who are dying (to lay oneself down), very often in speaking of the death of kings in the phrase, וַיִּשְׁכַּב עִם אֲבוֹתָיו 1 Kings 2:10, 11:43 14:20, 31 1 Kings 14:31, 15:8, 24 1 Kings 15:24, 16:6, 28 1 Kings 16:28 and of the dead, Isaiah 14:8, מֵאָז שָׁכַבְתָּ “since thou wast laid down,” hast died [wast destroyed]. Isaiah 14:18, 43:17 Job 3:13, 20:11 21:26. שֹׁכְבֶי קֶבֶר those who lie in the grave, Psalms 88:6.
(e) used of those who lie with a woman, followed by עִם Genesis 26:10, 30:15, 16 Genesis 30:16, 34:2 39:7, 12 Genesis 39:12; Exodus 22:15; Deuteronomy 22:23, seq.; 2 Samuel 12:11 and אֵת Genesis 35:22; 1 Samuel 2:22 with suff. אֹתִי, אֹתָהּ Genesis 34:2; Leviticus 15:18, 24 Leviticus 15:24 (once used of a woman, Genesis 19:32); also with an acc. Deuteronomy 28:30, in קרי (where in the text there is שָׁגַל). Hence
Niphal, to be lain with, ravished (used of a woman), Isaiah 13:16; Zechariah 14:2 and
Pual, id. Jeremiah 3:2 קרי.
Hiphil
(1) to make any one lie down, to prostrate, 2 Samuel 8:2 to lay down, 1 Kings 17:19 to cause to rest, Hosea 2:20.
(2) to pour out a vessel (i.q. Arab. سكب to pour out, see above as to this meaning), Job 38:37.
Hophal הָשְׁכַּב, part. מָשְׁכָּב to be prostrated, to lie, 2 Kings 4:32; Ezekiel 32:19, 32 Ezekiel 32:32.
Derivatives, שְׁכָבָה, שְׁכֹבֶת, מִשְׁכָּב.
the Fifth Week after Easter