the Third Week after Easter
Click here to learn more!
Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #340 - אָיַב
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
1) to be hostile to, to be an enemy to
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be hostile to
1a2) to treat as an enemy
- Book
- Word
1002) ba (אב AB) AC: Stand CO: Pole AB: ?: The pictograph a represents strength, the b represents the tent. Combined these mean "the strength of the house". This can be the tent poles which hold up the tent, the house, as well as the father who holds up the family, the household. (eng: pa - an exchange from a b and p and a reversal of the letters)
A) ba (אב AB) AC: ? CO: Pole AB: ?: The support of the tent/house.
Nm) ba (אב AB) - I. Fruit:This word can also be fresh fruit, the father of the next generation of trees attached to the tree (pole) . [Hebrew and Aramaic] II. Father:The father of the family provides the strength, support and structure to the household. The father fulfilled many functions for the family. He was the commander of the family army, provider of offspring to continue the family line, the priest and teacher. A father can be of the immediate family or a lineage such as Jacob who is the father of the Israelites. A father can also be the patron of a profession or art. [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (1229): father, chief, families, desire, patrimony, prince, principle, greenness, fruit - Strongs: H1 (אָב), H2 (אַב), H3 (אֵב), H4 (אֵב)
Nf1) eba (אבה ABH) - Desire: The desires of the father. KJV (1): desire - Strongs: H15 (אָבֶה)
B) bba (אבב ABB) AC: ? CO: Grain AB: ?
bm ) biba (אביב ABYB) - Green Grain: The new green ears of growing grain as the parent seeds attached to the stalk (pole) of the next generation of crops. Also Abib, the name of a month in the Hebrew calendar. KJV (8): abib, corn - Strongs: H24 (אָבִיב)
J) bfa (אוב AWB) AC: ? CO: Wineskin AB: ?: The wineskin hangs from the tent pole. A spiritist (possibly from their mumbling like the sound of wine poured out of the wineskin)
Nm) bfa (אוב AWB) - I. Wineskin:A leather bag that holds wine and is hung from the pole of the tent. II. Medium:One who evokes the dead, a ghost, possibly from their mumbling like the sound of wine poured out of the wineskin. KJV (17): bottle, familiar spirit - Strongs: H178 (אוֹב)
L) bai (יאב YAB) AC: Desire CO: ? AB: ?: The firm standing of the tent pole.
V) bai (יאב YAB) - Desire: A standing firm for what is desired. KJV (1): (vf: Paal) long - Strongs: H2968 (יָאַב)
M) bia (איב AYB) AC: Hostile CO: Spear AB: Enemy: The tent pole is pointed at one end and doubles as a spear which can be used against an enemy to defend (also a support of) the family.
V) bia (איב AYB) - Hostile: To be hostile to another as an enemy. KJV (1): (vf: Paal) enemy - Strongs: H340 (אָיַב)
Nf1) ebia (איבה AYBH) - Hostility: KJV (5): enemy, hatred - Strongs: H342 (אֵיבָה)
gm) bifa (אויב AWYB) - Enemy: KJV (282): enemy, foe - Strongs: H341 (אוֹיֵב)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Qal Perfect וְאָיַבְתִּ֫י Exodus 23:22; Participle אוֺיֵב (אֹיֵב) Exodus 15:6 +; suffix (אוֺיְבִי)אֹיְבִי) 2 Samuel 22:18 = Psalm 18:18 +; feminine suffix אֹיַבְתִּי Micah 7:8,10; אֹיִבְךָ Exodus 23:4 +, etc.; plural אֹויְבִים Psalm 68:24; Psalm 127:5; אֹיְבִים Psalm 139:22, etc.; — be hostile to, treat as enemy Exodus 23:22 (E, Cov't code) וְאָיַבְתִּ֫י אֶתאֹֿיְבֶיךָ וְצַרְתִּ֫י אֶתצֹֿרְרֶיךָ (subject ׳י); elsewhere Participle 1 Samuel 18:29 וַיְהִי שָׁאוּל אֹיֵב אֶתדָּֿוִד; usually as substantive & mostly suffix; enemy, of personal foe Exodus 23:4 (E "" שׂנֵא Exodus 23:5) Numbers 35:23 (P) 1 Samuel 19:17 (compare 1 Samuel 18:29) 1 Samuel 24:5; 1 Samuel 24:20; 2 Samuel 4:8; 1 Kings 21:20; Job 27:7; Psalm 54:9; Psalm 55:13 ("" מְשַׂנֵּא; opposed to אַלּוּף, מְיֻדָּע Psalm 55:14) Micah 2:8; Proverbs 16:7; Proverbs 24:17 +; in simile Jeremiah 30:14 (מַכַּת אוֺיֵב); of public national enemy, singular Judges 16:23,24; collective Exodus 15:6,9; Deuteronomy 33:27; Nahum 3:11; 2 Chronicles 6:24 +; personified Micah 7:8,10; more often plural Exodus 23:22 (E) Leviticus 26:7 f (H) Numbers 10:9 (P) Deuteronomy 1:42; Deuteronomy 6:19; Jeremiah 15:9; Jeremiah 34:20,21 +; of enemies of God, as protector of his people Numbers 10:35 (J) Judges 5:31; 1 Samuel 30:26; 2 Samuel 18:19; Psalm 66:3; Psalm 68:1; Psalm 68:22; Nahum 1:2,8; Isaiah 66:6 +; as morally supreme Job 13:24; Job 33:10; Psalm 37:20; Psalm 92:10 (twice in verse) +; of God as enemy of rebellious people Isaiah 63:10, in simile Lamentations 2:4,5.
אָיַב to be an adversary to any one, to persecute him as an enemy, to hate. (The original idea I believe to be that of breathing, blowing, puffing, an idea often applied to anger and hatred, prop. anfchnauben; compare my remarks on the letter ה. [“Kindred is אָהַב in which the idea of breathing after passes over into that of desire and love”]). The finite verb occurs once, Exodus 23:22. But of very frequent use is the part. אוֹיֵב an adversary, an enemy, a foe, Genesis 22:17, 49:8 sometimes it retains the proper construction of a participle, 1 Samuel 18:29, אוֹיֵב אֶת־דָּוִד “an enemy of David.”-f. אוֹיֶבֶת a female enemy, collect. used of enemies (comp. Lehrg. 477), Micah 7:8, 10 Micah 7:10. Hence אִיּוֹב and
