Lectionary Calendar

Tuesday, December 3rd, 2024
the First Week of Advent

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Bible Lexicons

Old Testament Hebrew Lexical DictionaryHebrew Lexicon

Strong's #2821 - חָשַׁךְ

Transliteration

châshak

Phonetics

khaw-shak'

Origin

a primitive root

Parts of Speech

verb

TWOT

769

Definition

Brown-Driver-Briggs
Strong

Brown-Driver-Briggs' Definition

to be or become dark, grow dim, be darkened, be black, be hidden
1. (Qal)
  1. to be or grow dark
  2. to have a dark colour
  3. to grow dim
2. (Hiphil)
  1. to make dark, cause to be dark
  2. to hide, conceal
  3. to obscure, confuse (figuratively)

Greek Equivalent Words:

Strong #: 4653 ‑ σκοτία (skot‑ee'‑ah); 4656 ‑ σκοτόω (skot‑o'‑o); 2928 ‑ κρύπτω (kroop'‑to); 4654 ‑ σκοτίζω (skot‑id'‑zo);

Frequency Lists

Book
Word

Verse Results

ASV (18)

Exodus 1

Job 3

Psalms 3

Ecclesiastes 2

Isaiah 2

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 2

Ezekiel 1

Amos 2

Micah 1

BSB (17)

Exodus 1

Job 3

Psalms 3

Ecclesiastes 2

Isaiah 2

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 2

Amos 2

Micah 1

CSB (17)

Exodus 1

Job 3

Psalms 3

Ecclesiastes 2

Isaiah 2

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 2

Ezekiel 1

Amos 2

Micah 1

ESV (17)

Exodus 1

Job 3

Psalms 3

Ecclesiastes 2

Isaiah 2

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 2

Ezekiel 1

Amos 2

Micah 1

KJV (18)

Exodus 1

Job 3

Psalms 3

Ecclesiastes 2

Isaiah 2

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 2

Ezekiel 1

Amos 2

Micah 1

LEB (18)

Exodus 1

Job 3

Psalms 3

Ecclesiastes 2

Isaiah 2

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 2

Ezekiel 1

Amos 2

Micah 1

LSB (26)

Exodus 1

Job 3

Psalms 5

Ecclesiastes 3

Isaiah 3

Jeremiah 2

Lamentations 4

Ezekiel 2

Amos 3

N95 (17)

Exodus 1

Job 3

Ecclesiastes 3

Isaiah 2

Jeremiah 2

Lamentations 2

Ezekiel 1

Amos 3

NAS (27)

Exodus 1

Job 3

Psalms 5

Ecclesiastes 3

Isaiah 2

Jeremiah 2

Lamentations 2

Ezekiel 1

Amos 3

NLT (0)

The World English Bible
did not use
this Strong's Number

WEB (18)

Exodus 1

Job 3

Psalms 3

Ecclesiastes 2

Isaiah 2

Jeremiah 1

Lamentations 2

Ezekiel 1

Amos 2

Micah 1

ASV (18)

and i will darken 1

and it shall be dark 1

and made it dark 1

are darkened 1

are dim 1

be darkened 1

before he cause darkness 1

dark 1

hideth 1

is blacker 1

is darkened 1

shall be dark 1

shall be darkened 2

shall withdraw 1

thereof be dark 1

was darkened 1

who is this that darkeneth 1

BSB (17)

and darkens 1

and i will darken 1

and it became dark 1

and the darkness 1

be darkened 1

dark 1

grow dark 1

grow dim 1

grows dark 1

he brings darkness 1

is blacker 1

is darkened 1

see dimly 1

was black 1

who obscures 1

will be darkened 1

will be obscured 1

CSB (17)

are darkened 1

black 1

brings darkness 1

dark 3

darken 1

darkens 1

darker 1

grow dark 1

grow dim 1

grows dark 1

it became dark 1

obscured 1

see dimly 1

too dim 1

who obscures 1

ESV (17)

blacker 1

brings darkness 1

dark 5

darken 1

darkened 4

darkens 2

darkness 1

dimmed 1

grown dim 1

KJV (18)

blacker 1

dark 4

dark * 1

darken 1

darkened 7

darkeneth 1

darkness 1

dim 1

hideth 1

LEB (18)

and darkens 1

and darkness to you 1

and i will darken 1

and made it dark 1

becomes dark 1

darken 1

darkening 1

grows dark 1

have become dim 1

he brings darkness 1

is 1

is blacker 1

let 2

see dimly 1

was dark with them 1

will become dark 1

will keep back 1

LSB (26)

are 1

be 2

blacker 1

brings 1

dark 6

darken 1

darkened 5

darkens 2

darkness 1

dim 1

grow 1

is 2

made 1

make 1

N95 (17)

blacker 1

brings 1

dark 3

darkened 5

darkens 2

darkness 1

dim 2

grow 1

make 1

NAS (27)

are 1

be 2

brings 1

dark 5

darkened 5

darkens 2

darker 1

darkness 1

dim 3

grow 2

is 2

made 1

make 1

NLT (0)

The World English Bible
did not use
this Strong's Number

WEB (18)

and i will darken 1

and it is dark 1

and made it dark 1

are darkened 2

are dim 1

be dark 1

be darkened 1

before he causes darkness 1

dark 1

is blacker 1

is darkened 1

shall be dark 1

shall withdraw 1

was darkened 1

who is this who darkens 1

will be darkened 1

Ancient Hebrew Lexicon Definitions

2215) k s h (ההסהכ HhShK) AC: Darken CO: Dark AB: Darkness: [from: hs- a dark place]

V) k s h (ההסהכ HhShK) - Darken: KJV (19): (vf: Paal, Hiphil) darken, dark, blacker, darkness, dim, hide - Strongs: H2821 (חָשַׁךְ)

N^f1) e k s h (ההסהכה HhShKH) - Dark: KJV (6): dark, darkness - Strongs: H2824 (חֶשְׁכָה), H2825 (חֲשֵׁיכָה)

a^m) k s h m (מההסהכ MHhShK) - Dark place: KJV (7): darkness, dark - Strongs: H4285 (מַחְשָׁךְ)

c^m) k f s h (ההסהוכ HhShWK) - Darkness: [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (2): mean - Strongs: H2816 (חֲשׁוֹךְ), H2823 (חָשֹׁךְ)

g^m) k s f h (ההוסהכ HhWShK) - Darkness: KJV (80): darkness, dark, obscurity, night - Strongs: H2822 (חשֶׁךְ)

Brown-Driver-Briggs Expanded Definition

חָשַׁךְ verb be, grow dark (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic חֲשַׁךְ,

; Arabic

bear rancour, see Lag^{BN 30}) —

Qal Perfect ׳ח Isaiah 5:30 4t.; וְחָֽשְׁכָה consecutive Micah 3:6 (but see below); חָֽשְׁכוּ Lamentations 5:17; וְחָֽשְׁכוּ consecutive Ecclesiastes 12:3; Imperfect 3 feminine singular תֶּחְשַׁךְ Ecclesiastes 12:2; וַתֶּחְשַׁךְ Exodus 10:15; 3 masculine plural יֶחְשְׁכוּ Job 3:9; 3 feminine plural תֶּחְשַׁכְנָה Psalm 69:24; —

1 be, grow dark, אוֺר Isaiah 5:30, compare (figurative) Job 18:6; הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Isaiah 13:10 (figurative); היום Ezekiel 30:18 (where read חשׁך, for ᵑ0 Baer חשׂך); Job 3:9 (subject כוכבים), compare Ecclesiastes 12:2 (subject השׁמשׁ, האור, הירח, הכוכבים); impersonal Micah 3:6; (si vera 1.; but read probably וַחֲשֵׁכָה, corresponding with לַיְלָה preceding).

2 have a dark colour: מִשְּׁחוֺר׳ח תָּֽאֳרָם Lamentations 4:8 darker than blackness is their visage; of the earth הָאֶרֶץ Exodus 10:15.

3 grow dim Lamentations 5:17 (subject עינינו), compare Psalm 69:24 (figurative), Ecclesiastes 12:3 subject הָראֹוֺת i.e. the eyes.

Hiph`il Perfect הֶחְשִׁיךְ Amos 5:8, וְהַחֲשַׁכְתִּ֫י Amos 8:9; Imperfect יַחֲשִׁיךְ Psalm 139:12; יַחְשִׁךְ Jeremiah 13:16;וַיַּחְשִׁךְ Psalm 105:28; Participle מַחְשִׁיךְ Job 38:2; —

1 make dark, ׳יום לילה הח Amos 5:8; absolute cause darkness Jeremiah 13:16; Psalm 105:28, compare Amos 8:9 (לארץ).

2 = hide, conceal, followed by מִמֶּךָּ Psalm 139:12.

3 figurative obscure, confuse Job 38:2 (object עֵצָה).

Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Definition

חָשַׁךְ fut. יֶחְשַׁךְ to be dark, to be darkened, to be surrounded with darkness. (Syr. ܚܫܶܟ id.), used of the light of the sun, Job 18:6; Isaiah 5:30, 13:10 of the earth, Exodus 10:15 of eyes becoming dim, Lamentations 5:17; Psalms 69:24 of men, Ecclesiastes 12:3.

Hiphil

(1) to darken, to make dark. Amos 5:8, יוֹם לַיְלָה הֶחֱשִׁיךְ “he makes the day dark (even unto) night;” followed by לְ 8:9. Metaphorically Job 38:2, מִי זֶה מַחְשִׁיךְ עֵצָה וגו׳ “who is this, who darkens (my) counsel with unwise words;” i.e. strives to hinder it.

(2) intrans. to be dark (properly to make darkness), Psalms 139:12; Jeremiah 13:16.

[Derivatives, חֲשׁוֹךְ and the following words.]

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List of Word Forms

הֶחְשִׁ֑יךְ החשיך וְהַחֲשַׁכְתִּ֥י וְחָשְׁכ֥וּ וְחָשְׁכָ֥ה וַיַּחְשִׁ֑ךְ וַתֶּחְשַׁ֣ךְ והחשכתי וחשכה וחשכו ויחשך ותחשך חָשְׁכ֥וּ חָשַׁ֖ךְ חָשַׁ֣ךְ חָשַׁ֤ךְ חָשַׂ֣ךְ חשך חשכו יֶחְשְׁכוּ֮ יַחְשִׁ֔ךְ יַחְשִׁ֪יךְ יחשיך יחשך יחשכו מַחְשִׁ֖יךְ מחשיך תֶּחְשַׁ֣כְנָה תֶחְשַׁ֤ךְ תחשך תחשכנה chaSach chaShach chasheChu ḥā·śaḵ ḥā·šaḵ ḥā·šə·ḵū ḥāśaḵ ḥāšaḵ ḥāšəḵū hechShich heḥ·šîḵ heḥšîḵ machShich maḥ·šîḵ maḥšîḵ techShach techShachnah ṯeḥ·šaḵ teḥ·šaḵ·nāh ṯeḥšaḵ teḥšaḵnāh vaiyachShich vattechShach vechasheChah vechasheChu vehachashachTi wat·teḥ·šaḵ watteḥšaḵ way·yaḥ·šiḵ wayyaḥšiḵ wə·ha·ḥă·šaḵ·tî wə·ḥā·šə·ḵāh wə·ḥā·šə·ḵū wəhaḥăšaḵtî wəḥāšəḵāh wəḥāšəḵū yachShich yaḥ·šiḵ yaḥ·šîḵ yaḥšiḵ yaḥšîḵ yechsheChu yeḥ·šə·ḵū yeḥšəḵū