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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4128 - πλῆθος
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- a multitude
- a great number, of men or things
- the whole number, the whole multitude, the assemblage
- the multitude of the people
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πλῆθος, εος, τό,
Dor. and Arc. πλῆθος Schwyzer 84.8, al. (Argive, found in Crete, v B.C. ), IG 5(2).6.20 (Tegea, iv B.C. ), etc.; Boeot. πλεῖθος ib.7.3171.46 (Orchom. Boeot. ); pseudo- Dor. and pseudo- Aeol. πλᾶθος GDI 5176.21 ( Crete ), IGRom. 4.1302.18 (Cyme, i B.C. / i A.D. ), Hippod. ap. Stob. 4.1.93: ( πλήθω, v. cross πίμπλημι ): — great number, multitude, esp. of people, Il. 17.330, Hdt. 7.49, etc.; στρατοῦ π., periphr. for στρατὸς πολύς, Id. 9.73; ὡς πλήθει for the mass of men, Pl. R. 389d .
2. τὸ π. the greater number, the mass, main body, τὸ π. τοῦ στρατοῦ Hdt. 1.82, cf. 5.92; τὸ π. τῆς ψυχῆς the largest part of . ., Pl. Lg. 689a: as Noun of Multitude with pl. Verb, Ἀθηναίων τὸ π. οἴονται Th. 1.20; τὸ π. ἐψηφίσαντο πολεμεῖν the majority, ib. 125, cf. X. Cyr. 2.4.20; τῷ π. by a majority, Berl.Sitzb. 1927.8 ( Locr., v B.C. ): hence, people, population, σμικρὸν τὸ π. τῆσδε γῆς E. Ph. 715 . the commons, Th. 1.9, etc.; ἡ τοῦ π. ἀρχή, δημοκρατία τοὔνομα κληθεῖσα Pl. Plt. 291d; ἐς τὸ π. φέρειν τὸ κράτος Hdt. 3.81: freq. of the popular assembly, τὸ ὑμέτερον π., τὸ π. τὸ ὑμέτερον, Lys. 12.42, Pl. Ap. 31c; Ἐρυθραίων τῷ π., Ἀθηναίων τοῦ π., IG 12.10.21, 22; = Lat. plebs, Plb. 6.15.11, D.S. 12.25, D.H. 4.71; also, association, corporation, or guild, τὸ π. τὸ Ἁλιαδᾶν IG 12(1).155.6, 156.5 ( Rhodes ); τὸ τῶν Πανιαστῶν π. IGRom. 4.1680 (Pergam.); τὸ π. τῶν ἱερέων OGI 56.24 (Canopus, iii B.C. ); π. τῶν ἁλιέων PSI 5.498.2 (iii B.C.); τὸ π. τῶν μαχαιροφόρων OGI 737 (Memphis, ii B.C. ); opp. αἱ ἀρχαί, οἱ ὀλίγοι, Th. 5.84; but also, populace, mob, opp. δῆμος (commons), X. Ath. 2.18, App. BC 1.10: also in pl., πείθειν τὰ π. the masses, Pl. Grg. 452e, cf. Sph. 268b; ὃ πᾶσι . . σωτήριον, μάλιστα δὲ τοῖς π. πρὸς τοὺς τυράννους D. 6.24; φιλόσοφον . . π. ἀδύνατον εἶναι Pl. R. 494a .
II quantity or number, πόσον π. ἦν νεῶν Ἑλληνίδων; A. Pers. 334; τῆς σῆς δυνάμεως τί φῂς π. εἶναι; X. Cyr. 2.1.6; ὅμιλος πλήθει φοβερώτατος Th. 2.98; ἰσχύϊ καὶ πλήθει προέχων Id. 3.74; τῷ π. αὐτῶν καταπλαγέντες Id. 4.10; πλήθεϊ πολλοί Hdt. 3.11, cf. 6.44; σὺν πλήθει χερῶν S. OT 123; πλήθει παρόντες in force, Th. 8.22: abs. in acc., κόσοι πλῆθος Hdt. 1.153; πόσοι τὸ π.; Diph. 17.1; ἐρέται . . π. ἀνάριθμοι A. Pers. 40 (anap.); π. ὡς δισχίλιοι X. An. 4.2.2; ἄπειρα τὸ π. Id. Mem. 1.1.14; ἄπειρα καὶ π. καὶ σμικρότητα Anaxag. 1; π. τι πάμπολυ φθειρῶν IG 42(1).122.45, cf. 32 (Epid., iv B.C. ). III magnitude, size, or extent, [ ὄρος] πλήθεϊ μέγιστον καὶ μεγάθεϊ ὑψηλότατον Hdt. 1.203; πεδίον πλῆθος ἄπειρον ib. 204; ἡ ἐρῆμος . . ἐοῦσα πλῆθος ἑπτὰ ἡμερέων ὁδοῦ Id. 4.123; π. χώρας καὶ ἀνθρώπων X. An. 1.5.9 .
2. in Att., of quantity or amount, διὰ π. τῆς ζημίας Th. 3.70; χρημάτων π. Id. 1.9; διὰ πλῆθος οὐσίας Pl. R. 591e, cf. Arist. Pol. 1279a19; ταῦτα οὐδέν ἐστι πλήθει οὐδὲ μεγέθει πρὸς ἐκεῖνα Pl. R. 614a; μετὰ πλήθους ἱδρῶτος multa sudans, Id. Ti. 84e; τὸ π. τοῦ ῥεύματος Plb. 1.75.5; τὸ παρακείμενον π. the amount entered against each, Ostr.Bodl. i 252 (ii B.C.); of money, τὸ ἴσον π. TAM 2.526 ( Pinara ): in pl., quantities, ἐμβρύων Cratin. 326; θαυμαστὸν ὅσ' ἐστ' ἀγαθῶν π. Mnesim. 4.51 (anap.); οἰκοδομημάτων πλήθεσι ἢ μεγέθεσι D.C. 52.30, cf. 10 .
3. more than enough, π. φέρειν LXX Exodus 36:5 .
4. plurality, opp. ἕν, Dam. Pr. 45 . of Time, length, χρόνου Th. 1.1, Pl. Tht. 158d, Isoc. 12.180; π. ἐτῶν Ar. Nu. 855; πλήθει πολλῶν μηνῶν S. Ph. 722 (lyr.). with Preps., or Advbs., ἐς π. in great numbers, Th. 1.14; κατὰ πλῆθος a large number at a time, IG 12.6.112; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. usually, mostly, Pl. Phdr. 275b; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. εἰπεῖν Arist. GA 786a35; κατὰ π. D.H. 6.67 .
πλῆθος, πλήθους, τό (ΠΛΑΩ), from Homer down; the Sept. chiefly for רֹב, often for הָמון; a multitude, i. e.
a. a great number, namely, of men or things: Acts 21:22 (not Tr WH); Hebrews 11:12 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 120 (114) n.); with πολύ added, Mark 3:7, 8; πλῆθος with a genitive, Luke 2:13; John 21:6; Acts 5:14; Acts 28:3 (A. V. bundle (L T Tr WH add τί)); James 5:20; 1 Peter 4:8; πολύ πλῆθος and πλῆθος πολύ (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 59, 2) with a genitive, Luke 5:6; Luke 11:17; Luke 23:27; John 5:3 (here L brackets G T Tr WH omit πολύ); Acts 14:1; Acts 17:4.
b. with the article, the whole number, the whole multitude; the assemblage: Acts 15:30; Acts 23:7; τοῦ λαοῦ, Acts 21:36; πᾶν τό πλῆθος, Acts 15:12; with a genitive, Luke 1:10; (Luke 8:37 (τῆς περιχώρου);
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πλῆθος , -ους , τό ,
[in LXX chiefly for H7230, also for H1995, etc.;]
1. a great number, a multitude;
(a) of things : ἰχθύων , Luke 5:6, John 21:6; φρυγάνων , Acts 28:3; ἁμαρτιίῶν , James 5:20, 1 Peter 4:8; τ . πλήθει , in multitude, Hebrews 11:12;
(b) of persons: Acts 21:22 (WH, R, om.); c. gen., Luke 2:13, John 5:3, Acts 5:14; Papyri πολύ (πολὺ Papyri), Mark 3:7-8; id. c. gen., Luke 6:17; Luke 23:27, Acts 14:1; Acts 17:4.
2. Of persons, c. art., the whole number, the multitude (in Plat., Thuc., Xen., al., = δῆμος , the commons, or-opp. to δῆμος -the populace) : Acts 2:6; Acts 15:30; Acts 19:9; Acts 23:7; τ . λαοῦ , Acts 21:36; τ . πόλεως , Acts 14:4; πᾶν τὸ Papyri, Acts 15:12; c. gen., Luke 1:10; Luke 8:37; Luke 19:37; Luke 23:1, Acts 4:32; Acts 5:16; Acts 6:2; Acts 6:5; Acts 25:24.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
P Ryl II. 157.21 (A.D. 135) εἰ χρεία γείνοιτο [ποτίσαι ἐ ]ν ̣ ἀναβάσει ἀπὸ ποδὸς τὴν αὐτὴν νοτίνην μερίδα, ";if need arises at the inundation to water the same southern portion with the foot"; (Edd.), a passage which recalls Deuteronomy 11:10 : similarly P Flor III. 369.7 (A.D. 139(149)) μέχρι τ [οῦ ἐ ]σομένου ἀπὸ ποδὸς ποτισ [μ ]οῦ. With Revelation 3:9 cf. PSI IV. 298.20 (iv/A.D.) ἠπείχθη [ν π ]ροσφυγεῖν τοῖς πο [σίν σου, δέσποτα, ἀξιῶν. . . In P Iand 18.8 (vi/vii A.D.) γράφω σοι κατὰ πόδα του ̣των, the phrase = brevissimo post (Ed.), or ";on the back of this,"; ";immediately after this."; Thackeray renders Atisteas 135 παρὰ πόδας ἔχοντες τὴν ἀναισθησίαν, ";although their senselessness is obvious. ";
Commenting on Revelation 10:1 (ICC ad l.) Charles points out that οἱ πόδες should be rendered ";the legs,"; and supports this meaning by the secondary meaning of the Heb. רָנָל = ";leg"; (see BDB Lex. s.v.), and by the fact that in Palestinian Aramaic the word is used for the ";thigh"; of an animal. He adds ";it is possible that this secondary meaning of ποῦς (when used as a rendering of the Hebrew) was not unexampled at the time."; In these circumstances it is interesting to note that in the papyri there are instances of ποῦς, which imply ";leg"; rather than ";foot,"; e.g. P Giss I. 43.14 (A.D. 118–119) οὐλ (ὴ) κν ̣ήμ (ηι) ποδ (ὸς) ἀριστερο ̣υ ̣̑, ";a wound on the calf of the left leg,"; P Flor 1. 42.9 (A.D. 183) οὐλὴ μηρω ̣̑ [πο ]δὸς δεξιοῦ, ";a wound on the thigh (or legbone) of the right leg,"; and P Lips I. 12.3 (iii/iv A.D.) οὐλὴ ἀντικνημίῳ δεξιοῦ ποδός.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
