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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3870 - παρακαλέω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to call to one's side, call for, summon
- to address, speak to, (call to, call upon), which may be done in the way of exhortation, entreaty, comfort, instruction, etc.
- to admonish, exhort
- to beg, entreat, beseech
- to strive to appease by entreaty
- to console, to encourage and strengthen by consolation, to comfort
- to receive consolation, be comforted
- to encourage, strengthen
- exhorting and comforting and encouraging
- to instruct, teach
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this Strong's Number
παρακᾰλέω,
Att. fut. -καλῶ, later -καλέσω LXX Job 7:13, al.: —
call to one, X. An. 3.1.32.
II call in, send for, summon, Hdt. 1.77, Ar. V. 215, etc.; σύμμαχον π. τινά Hdt. 7.158, cf. Th. 1.119, Pl. Phd. 89c, etc.; π. ἑταίρους And. 4.14; π. τινὰ ἐς τὸν πόλεμον Hdt. 7.205, cf. D. 18.24; π. τινὰ σύμβουλον X. An. 1.6.5; τινὰς εἰς συμβουλήν Pl. La. 186a; συνήγορον Aeschin. 2.184; invoke the gods, τοὺς θεούς D. 18.8; περὶ τούτου τὸν θεόν (as medical adviser) IG 42(1).126.31 (Epid., ii A. D.); τὸν Ἐνυάλιον X. HG 2.4.17; Διόνυσον εἰς τὴν τελετήν Pl. Lg. 666b; [ τοὺς θεοὺς] π. βοηθούς Arr. Epict. 3.21.12: — Pass., παρακαλούμενος καὶ ἄκλητος, ' vocatus atque non vocatus ', Th. 1.118; -κληθέντες ἐς ξυμμαχίαν Id. 5.31; παρακαλουμένη ἀμύνειν being called upon to ward off, Pl. Lg. 692e; -κληθεὶς γυμνασιαρχῆσαι OGI 339.53 (Sestos, ii B. C.).
2. summon one's friends to attend one in a trial, π. τοὺς φίλους Isaiah 1:7, etc.; π. τινάς call them as witnesses, Lys. 14.28; π. πάντας ἀνθρώπους D. 34.29: — Med., dub. in Lycurg. 28: — Pass., παρακεκλημένοι summoned to attend at a trial, Aeschin. 1.173. summon a defendant into court, in Pass., PTeb. 297.5 (ii A. D.), Mitteis Chr. 71.5 (v A. D.).
3. invite, ἐπὶ δαῖτα E. Ba. 1247; εἰς (v.l. ἐπὶ) θήραν X. Cyr. 4.6.3; ἐπὶ τὸ βῆμα π. invite him to mount the tribune, Aeschin. 3.72.
4. appeal to, τινὰ περὶ γῆς App. Pun. 136.
III exhort, encourage, τάξις τάξιν παρεκάλει A. Pers. 380, cf. Plb. 1.60.5; π. τινὰ εἰς μάχην E. Ph. 1254; τινὰ ἐπὶ τὰ κάλλιστα ἔργα X. An. 3.1.24; π. τὴν νόησιν εἰς ἐπίσκεψιν Pl. R. 523b; πρὸς τὸ μνημονεύειν Isoc. 3.12: c. inf., E. Cyc. 156, X. An. 5.6.19, Decr. ap. D. 18.185: — Pass., Isoc. 2.14; παρακέκληται ἡ διάνοια Arist. EN 1175a7.
2. comfort, console, τοὺς πενθοῦντας LXX Si. 48.24: — Pass., Matthew 2:18, Matthew 5:4.
3. excite, τινὰ ἐς φόβον E. Or. 1583; ἐς δάκρυα Id. IA 497; incite, π. καὶ παροξύνειν ἐπί.. Epicur. Nat. 54 G.; of things, foment, φλόγα X. Cyr. 7.5.23.
demand, require, ὁ θάλαμος σκεύη π. Id. Oec. 9.3: — Pass., τὰ παρακαλούμενα
proposals, demands, Philipp. ap. D. 18.166s q., Plb. 4.29.3.
beseech, entreat, Id. 4.82.8, PTeb. 24.46 (ii B. C.), etc.; π. τινὰ ἵνα.. Aristeas 318, Mark 8:22, Arr. Epict. 2.7.11, etc.; ὅπως.. Matthew 8:34 : but ἐρωτῶ καὶ π. for δέομαι is condemned by Hermog. Meth. 3. Pass.,
relent, πρός, ἐπί τινι, towards a person, LXX Judges 21:6; Judges 21:15, cf. 2 Samuel 24:16.
2. repent, regret, παρακέκλημαι ὅτι.. ib. 1 Samuel 15:11.
παρακαλέω, παρακαλῶ; imperfect 3 person singular παρεκάλει, 1 and 3 person plural παρεκάλουν; 1 aorist παρεκάλεσα; passive, present παρακαλοῦμαι; perfect παρακέκλημαι; 1 aorist παρεκλήθην; 1 future παρακληθήσομαι; from Aeschylus and Herodotus down;
I. as in Greek writings to call to one's side, call for, summon: τινα, with an infinitive indicating the purpose, Acts 28:20 (others (less naturally) refer this to II. 2, making the accusative the subjunctive of the infinitive).
II. to address, speak to (call to, call on), which may be done in the way of exhortation, entreaty, comfort, instruction, etc.; hence, result a variety of senses, on which see Knapp, Scripto varii arg. edition 2, p. 117ff; cf. Fritzsche, Ep. ad Romans, i., p. 32f.
1. as in Greek authors, to admonish, exhort: absolutely, Luke 3:18; (Acts 20:1 (R G omit)); Romans 12:8; 2 Timothy 4:2; Hebrews 10:25; 1 Peter 5:12; followed by direct discourse, 2 Corinthians 5:20; followed by λέγων with direct discourse, Acts 2:40; followed by an infinitive where in Latinut, 1 Timothy 2:1; τινα, Acts 15:32; Acts 16:40; 2 Corinthians 10:1; 1 Thessalonians 2:12 (
2. to beg, entreat, beseech (Josephus, Antiquities 6, 7, 4; (11, 8, 5); often in Epictetus cf. Schweighäuser, Index graecit. Epictetus, p. 411; Plutarch, apophth. regum, Mor. ii, p. 30, Tauchn. edition (vi. 695 edition Reiske; examples from Polybius, Diodorus, Philo, others, in Sophocles' Lexicon, under the word); not thus in the earlier Greek authors except where the gods are called on for aid, in the expressions, παρακαλεῖν Θεούς, so Θεόν in Josephus, Antiquities 6, 2, 2 and 7, 4; (cf. Winer's Grammar, 22)): (absolutely, Philemon 1:9 (yet see the commentaries at the passage)); τινα, Matthew 8:5; Matthew 18:32; Matthew 26:53; Mark 1:40; Acts 16:9; 2 Corinthians 12:18; πολλά, much, Mark 5:23: τινα περί τίνος, Philemon 1:10; followed by direct discourse, Acts 9:38 L T Tr WH with λέγων added and direct discourse, Matthew 18:29; Mark 5:12; (Luke 7:4 (Tdf. ἠρώτων)); without the accusative. Acts 16:15; τινα followed by an infinitive (Winers Grammar, and Buttmann's Grammar, as above), Mark 5:17; Luke 8:41; Acts 8:31; Acts 19:31; Acts 28:14 (1 Macc. 9:35); τινα followed by ὅπως, Matthew 8:34 (here Lachmann ἵνα (see above)); Acts 25:2 (4 Macc. 4:11; Plutarch, Demetr c. 38); τινα followed by ἵνα (Winers Grammar, § 44, 8 a.; Buttmann, § 139, 42), Matthew 14:36; Mark 5:18; Mark 6:56; Mark 7:32; Mark 8:22; Luke 8:31f; (2 Corinthians 9:5); τινα ὑπέρ τίνος, ἵνα, 2 Corinthians 12:8; πολλά (much) τινα, ἵνα, Mark 5:10; 1 Corinthians 16:12; followed by τοῦ μή with an infinitive (Buttmann, § 140, 16 δ.; Winer's Grammar, 325 (305)), Acts 21:12; by an infinitive Acts 9:38 R G; by an accusative with an infinitive, Acts 13:42; Acts 24:4; (Romans 16:17). to strive to appease by entreaty: absolutely, 1 Corinthians 4:13; τινα, Luke 15:28; Acts 16:39 (2 Macc. 13:23).
3. to console, to encourage and strengthen by consolation, to comfort, (the Sept. for נִחַם; very rarely so in Greek authors, as Plutarch, Oth. 16): absolutely, 2 Corinthians 2:7; τινα, 2 Corinthians 1:6; 2 Corinthians 7:6f; ἐν with a dative of the thing with which one comforts another, 1 Thessalonians 4:18; τινα διά παρακλήσεως, 2 Corinthians 1:4; with an accusative of the contents, διά τῆς παρακληθῆναι ἧς (for ἥν, see ὅς, ἡ, ὁ, II. 2 c. α.) παρακαλούμεθα, ibid.; in the passive, to receive consolation, be comforted, Matthew 2:18; 2 Corinthians 13:11; ἐπί τίνι over (in) a thing (see ἐπί, B. 2 a. δ.), 2 Corinthians 1:4; of the consolation (comfort) given not in words but by the experience of a happier lot or by a happy issue, equivalent to to refresh, cheer: passive, Matthew 5:4 (5); Luke 16:25; Acts 20:12; 2 Corinthians 7:13 (where a full stop must be put after παρακεκλήμεθα; ἐν τίνι, by the help of a thing, 2 Corinthians 7:6f; ἐπί τίνι, 1 Thessalonians 3:7; with (ἐν) παρακλήσει added, 2 Corinthians 7:7.
4. to encourage, strengthen (i. e. in the language of A. V. comfort (see Wright, Bible Word-Book, 2nd edition, under the word)) (in faith, piety, hope): τάς καρδίας, your hearts, Ephesians 6:22; Colossians 2:2; Colossians 4:8; 2 Thessalonians 2:17, (also χεῖρας ἀσθενεῖς, Job 4:3 for חִזַק; γόνατα παραλελυμένα, Isaiah 35:3f (see the Hebrew) for אִמֵּץ).
5. it combines the ideas of exhorting and comforting and encouraging in Romans 12:8; 1 Corinthians 14:31; 1 Thessalonians 3:2.
6. to instruct, teach: ἐν τῇ διδασκαλία, Titus 1:9. (Compare: συμπαρακαλέω.)
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παρα -καλέω , -ῶ ,
[in LXX chiefly for H5162 ni., pi.;]
1. to call to one, call for, summon: Acts 28:20 (R, mg.; R, txt., entreat); hence (of the gods: Dem., Xen., al.), to invoke, call on, beseech, entreat: τ . πατέρα μου , Matthew 26:53; τ . κύριον , 2 Corinthians 12:8; in late writers (Polyb., Diod., al.; rarely in LXX; in Papyri, v. Deiss., LAE, 176.14), also of men: absol., Philemon 1:9; c. acc, Matthew 8:5, Mark 1:40, Acts 16:9, al.; c. inf., Mark 5:17, Luke 8:41, Acts 8:31, al.; seq. ἵνα (v. M, Pr., 205, 208), Matthew 14:36, Mark 5:18, Luke 8:31, al.
2. to admonish, exhort: absol., Luke 3:18, Romans 12:8, 2 Timothy 4:2, al.; c. acc, Acts 15:32, 1 Thessalonians 2:11, Hebrews 3:13, al.; id. seq. inf., Acts 11:23, Romans 12:1, Philippians 4:2, 1 Thessalonians 4:10, al.; seq. ἵνα (v. M, Pr., l.c.), 1 Corinthians 1:10, 2 Corinthians 8:6, 1 Thessalonians 4:1, al.
3. to cheer, encourage, comfort (Plut., LXX: Job 4:3, Isaiah 35:3, Sirach 43:24, c. acc, 2 Corinthians 1:6, Ephesians 6:22, Colossians 2:2, al.; id. seq. ἐν , 1 Thessalonians 4:18; διά , 2 Corinthians 1:4; pass., Matthew 5:4, Luke 16:25, Acts 20:12.
SYN.: παραμυθέω G3888 (cf. M, Th., 25).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
To the few exx. of this NT ἅπ. εἰρ. (1 Peter 1:18), ";handed down from one’s fathers,"; ";inherited,"; Deissmann (BS, p. 266 f.) adds a Pergamene inscr., Perg 248.49 (B.C. 135–134), in which Attalus states that his mother Stratonike, who came originally from Cappadocia, had brought τὸν Δία τὸν Σαβάζιον πατροπαράδοτον to Pergamus. See also another Pergamene inscr. Cagnat IV. 293i. 31 where a gymnasiarch is praised ἐπὶ [τ ]οῖς προγεγραμμένοις καὶ ἐπὶ τῶι πατροπαράδοτ [ο ]ν [ἔχ ]ον [τα τὸ μεγαλο ]μερὲς καὶ φιλόδοξ ̣ον μηδένα καιρὸν παραλείπειν, and Michel 394.4 (mid. i/B.C.) πατροπαράδοτον παρειληφὼς τὴν πρὸς τὸν δῆμ [ον ] ἡμῶν εὔνοιαν.
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