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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4820 - συμβάλλω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to throw together, to bring together
- to converse
- to bring together in one's mind, confer with one's self
- to come together, meet
- to encounter in a hostile sense
- to fight with one
- to bring together of one's property, to contribute, aid, help
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συμβάλλω, fut. -βᾰλῶ: aor. -έβᾰλον, inf. -βᾰλεῖν: pf. -βέβληκα: aor. 1 Pass. -εβλήθην: — of these tenses Hom. uses only pres. Act., aor. Act. and Med., but most commonly intr. aor. forms συμβλήτην, -βλήμεναι, Med. σύμβλητο, -βληντο, -βλήμενος, subj. 2 sg. -βλήεαι prob. cj. for -βλήσεαι in Il. 20.335, 3 sg. contr. -βληται Od. 7.204: —
throw together, dash together, σύν ῥ' ἔβαλον ῥινούς, of men in close combat, Il. 4.447, 8.61; ἀσπίδας E. Ph. 1405, Ar. Pax 1274 (hex.), X. HG 4.3.19, etc.; bring together, unite, e.g. of rivers that fall into one another, ἐς μισγάγκειαν συμβάλλετον ὄβριμον ὕδωρ Il. 4.453; ῥοὰς Σιμόεις συμβάλλετον ἠδὲ Σκάμανδρος 5.774: — Med., πολλοὶ ποταμοὶ ς. τὸ σφέτερον ὕδωρ Hdt. 4.50 (cf. δάκρυα δάκρυσι ς. E. Or. 336 (lyr., Act.)); ὁ Ἀκεσίνης τῷ Ἰνδῷ τὸ ὕδωρ ς. Arr. An. 6.1.5; ς. τὰ ὦτα πρὸς τὴν γῆν have their ears reaching to.., Arist. HA 606a15: — Pass., κατὰ τὰς ῥᾶγας συμβεβλημένων [τῶν δακτύλων ] Sor. 2.60.
2. collect, X. Cyr. 2.1.5; store up, accumulate, κριθὰς ἵπποις συμβεβλημένας πολλάς Id. An. 3.4.31.
3. jumble up together, διαφέροντα ς. εἰς ταὐτόν Pl. Plt. 285a.
4. intr. in Act., fit (cf. σύμβολον 1.1), Arist. EE 1239b14; to be suitable, τὰ χεδροπὰ ς. εἰς τὰς νέας Thphr. CP 3.20.7 (unless = sow, set). to be profitable, ς. τῷ πολιτικῷ.. δικαίῳ εἶναι Phld. Rh. 2.285 S.; ς. ἀναμένειν ἡμέραν μίαν Gal. 16.496.
5. intr., come together, ἔνθα δίστομοι.. ς. ὁδοί where two roads join, S. OC 901, cf. Str. 6.3.7; τὰ συμβάλλοντα the watersmeet, IG 9(2) p.xi (Delph., iii/ii B.C.); [ φλὲψ] ς. τῇ ἀποσχίσει Arist. HA 514a12; collide, τοὺς τύπους ἀνάγκη συμβάλλειν ἑαυτοῖς Thphr. Sens. 52: Geom., meet, τὸ σημεῖον, καθ' ὃ συμβάλλουσιν the point in which (the straight lines) meet, Archim. Sph.Cyl. 1.23, etc.
6. βλέφαρα ς. ὕπνῳ close the eyes in sleep, A. Ag. 15; ς. ὄμμα, in death, ib. 1294 (but ποῖον ὄμμα συμβαλῶ; how shall I meet her eyes with mine? E. IA 455).
7. generally, join, unite, ς. σχοινία twist ropes (cf. συμβολεύς), Ar. Pax 37; so τοπεῖα IG 22.1672.311 (iv B.C.); ὠμόλινον ς. πεντάπλουν Hp. Fist. 4; στέφανον Philostr. Her.Prooem.; [ αἱ φλέβες] ς. [τὸ σῶμα] εἰς ἕν Arist. PA 668b24; fit together, ἁρμούς IG 7.4255.23 (Oropus, iv B.C.); ς. καὶ κολλῆσαι ib. 22.1668.73 (iv B.C.); κεραῖαι συμβεβλημέναι PCair.Zen. 566.10 (iii B.C.); δεξιὰς ς. ἀλλήλοισι join hands, E. IA 58.
8. ς. συμβόλαιά τινι or πρός τινα make a contract with a person, esp. lend him money on bond, D. 34.1, Pl. R. 425c, cf. Th. 5.77 (Med.); συμβόλαιον εἰς τἀνδράποδα συμβεβλημένον money lent on the security of the slaves, D. 27.27: abs., in same sense, Isoc. 21.13; make a contract, Pl. Alc. 1.125d, OGI 669.21 (Egypt, i A.D.), Cod.Just. 1.3.55.4; of a marriage contract, Mitteis Chr. 372 vi 22, cf. 8 (ii A.D.); advance, lend, πέρα μεδίμνου κριθῶν Isaiah 10:10; ἱμάτια, χρυσία, etc., Ar. Ec. 446; ἐπί τισι on certain terms, D.H. 6.29; ς. δανεισμῷ Pl. Lg. 921d; ὁ συμβαλών the lender, creditor, D. 56.2, cf. D.H. 5.63 (but οἱ συμβ. the borrowers, debtors, Id. 4.9): — Med., with pf. Pass., pay a share, contribute, ὁλκάδα οἱ συμβαλέεσθαι give him a merchant-vessel, Hdt. 3.135, cf. Lys. 32.24, X. Ages. 2.27; ς. χρήματά τινι εἰς τροφὴν τῶν στρατιωτῶν advance it, Id. An. 1.1.9, cf. IG 7.2418 (Thebes, iv B.C.); τριήρεις εἰς κίνδυνον Isoc. 4.98; ἐφόδιον PSI 4.407.12 (iii B.C.).
9. generally, contribute: — Pass., συμβάλλεταί τις.. μερίς Alex. 149.4: — in this sense mostly in Med., τέμενος συμβάλλεσθαι add thereto, Pi. I. 1.59; ἡ τύχη οὐδὲν ἔλασσον ξυμβάλλεται ἐς τὸ ἐπαίρειν Th. 3.45, cf. Hp. Aër. 2, Sosip. 1.37, Damox. 2.11; τὸ μὴ ἀγανακτεῖν.. ἄλλα τέ μοι πολλὰ συμβάλλεται, καὶ.. many circumstances contribute to my feeling no vexation, and especially.., Pl. Ap. 36a; ς. βοήθειαν οὐ σμικρὰν πρός τι Id. Lg. 836b; τιμὴν καὶ δόξαν τῇ πόλει ς. Isoc. 8.6; οὐ δεῖ λογίζεσθαι, πότερος πλείω συμβέβληται X. Oec. 7.13; freq. with μέρος as obj., ἔργων οὐκ ἐλάχιστον μέρος ς. And. 1.143; μέρος ς. πρὸς ἀρετήν Pl. Lg. 836d, cf. R. 331b, D. 41.11; οὐκ ἐλάχιστον μέρος πρὸς εὐδαιμονίαν Isoc. 7.79; συμβαλλέσθω τὸ μέρος ἕκαστος εἰς τὸ ἀνάλωμα PHal. 1.108, cf. 113 (iii B.C.); τὴν μεγίστην εἰς αὐτὰ μοῖραν Pl. Ti. 47c, cf. X. Cyr. 6.1.28: also abs., οὔτε ποταμὸς οὔτε κρήνη οὐδεμία ἐσδιδοῦσα ἐς πλῆθός οἱ συμβάλλεται contributes to its volume, Hdt. 4.50; ς. πρὸς τὸ λανθάνειν X. Cyr. 2.4.21, cf. Isoc. 7.21; συμβαλλόμενα contributory causes, Thphr. Sud. 6: abs., to be helpful, πολλά ἐστι τὰ συμβαλλόμενα τοῖς βουλομένοις Antipho 5.79, cf. Pl. Lg. 905b, D. 21.133; φόνου κηκὶς ξ. contributes to the proof, A. Ch. 1012: rarely c. gen. partit., ξυμβάλλεται πολλὰ τοῦδε δείματος many things contribute [ their share ] of this fear, i.e. join in causing it, E. Med. 284.
10. συμβάλλεσθαι γνώμας contribute one's opinion to a discussion, Hdt. 8.61; περί τινος Pl. Plt. 298c; συμβαλέσθαι περί τινος λόγους X. Cyr. 2.2.21; λόγον ς. περὶ βίου contribute an opinion about life, Pl. Lg. 905c; also συμβαλέσθαι τι to have something to say, Id. Ion 532c, cf. 533a; ταῦτά σοι περὶ Ἔρωτος ς. Id. Smp. 185c; συμβαλοῦ γνώμην contribute your opinion, help in judging, S. OC 1151; ς. τὴν γνώμην τῆς βουλῆς, with or without εἰς τὸν δῆμον, communicate it, IG 22.79.6, 103.17, al.; cast votes, Schwyzer 84.15 (Tylisus, v B.C.).
II συμβάλλειν (sc. λόγους) converse, ς. τινί or πρός τινα, Plu. 2.222c, Acts 4:15 : — Med., ἀτὰρ τί ἐγὼ περὶ κλοπῆς ς.; X. An. 4.6.14.
II bring men together in hostile sense, pit them against each other, match them, ἀμφοτέρους θεοὶ σύμβαλον Il. 20.55; ἐμὲ.. καὶ Μενέλαον συμβάλετε.. μάχεσθαι 3.70; ς. σκύμνον λέοντος σκύλακι κυνός set one to fight with the other, Hdt. 3.32; ἄνδρα ἀνδρὶ καὶ ἵππον ἵππῳ ς. Id. 5.1; τοὺς ἡβῶντας ς. εἰς ἔριν περὶ ἀρχῆς X. Lac. 4.2; ἀλεκτρυόνας ς. Id. Smp. 4.9; ἄνδρας φίλους Id. Cyr. 6.1.32; εἰς χεῖρα δοῦλον δεσπότῃ μὴ συμβάλῃς Philem. 206: metaph., ἀναισχυντίᾳ ς. τινὰ καὶ προσγυμνάζειν make him contend with.., Pl. Lg. 647c. Med., join in fight, σὺν δ' ἐβάλοντο μάχεσθαι ἐναντίον Il. 12.377. intr., come together, σύμβαλον μάχεσθαι 16.565; also ς. alone, come to blows, engage, πρίν γ' ἠὲ ξυμβλήμεναι ἠὲ δαμῆναι 21.578; freq. in Hdt., either abs., as 1.77, 82, or c. dat. pers., ib. 80, 104; Ἄρης Ἄρει δυμβαλεῖ, Δίκα Δίκᾳ A. Ch. 461 (lyr.); Ἕλληνες Μήδοις ς. Simon. 136; also ς. πρός τινα X. Cyr. 7.1.20, Isoc. 4.69; εἰς μονομαχίαν πρός τινα Str. 14.5.16; συμβάλλων coming into collision, Pl. Plt. 273a, cf. Wilcken Chr. 16.6 (ii A.D.).
2. ς. πόλεμον καὶ δηϊοτῆτα engage in war, Il. 12.181 (prob. interpol.); so in Trag., ς. βάκχαις μάχην E. Ba. 837; ἔχθραν τινί Id. Med. 44; ἔριν φίλοις ib. 521: metaph., συμβαλεῖν ἔπη κακά bandy reproaches, S. Aj. 1323; αἰσχρὸν δέ μοι γυναιξὶ συμβάλλειν λόγους E. IA 830.
3. Med., fall in with one, meet him, c. dat., freq. in Hom., who uses aor. forms beginning ξυμβλη- or συμβλη- solely in this sense, Νέστορι δὲ ξύμβληντο Il. 14.27, cf. 39; εἰ δ' ἄρα τις.. ξύμβληται ὁδίτης Od. 7.204; ξυμβλήμενος ἄλλος ὁδίτης 11.127; ὅτε κεν συμβλήσεαι (leg. -βλήεαι) αὐτῷ Il. 20.335; ξυμβλήτην ἀλλήλοιιν Od. 21.15.
4. so in Act., συμβαλών having met, A. Ch. 677; οἱ συμβάλλοντες those who come in contact with one, Plu. Mar 20; φιλοσόφῳ ς. Arr. Epict. 3.9.13, cf. 12, POxy. 1063 (ii/iii A.D.), PFay. 129.2 (iii A.D.).
III compare, σμικρὰ μεγάλοισι Hdt. 2.10; ἑωυτόν τινι Id. 3.160; ἓν πρὸς ἕν Id. 4.50; τι πρός τι Lycurg. 68; πρὸς ἄλληλα Pl. Tht. 186b; οὐδὲν ἦν τούτων.. πρὸς ἀτταγῆνα συμβαλεῖν Phoenicid. 2.5: — Pass., Hdt. 2.10, 3.125; τὸ ἀργύριον τὸ Βαβυλώνιον πρὸς τὸ Εὐβοικὸν συμβαλλόμενον τάλαντον the Babyl. talent being compared with, reduced to, the Euboic, ib. 95. compare for the purpose of checking, μέτρῳ συμβεβλημένῳ πρὸς τὸ χαλκοῦν Wilcken Chr. 410.11 (iii B.C.), etc.
2. Med., reckon, compute, Hdt. 2.31, 4.15, 6.63, 65: — Pass., ἡ ὁδὸς ἡ ἡμερησίη ἀνὰ διηκόσια στάδια συμβέβληταί μοι Id. 4.101.
3. conclude, infer, conjecture, interpret, συμβαλεῖν τι Pi. N. 11.33; ς. ὅτι.. Pl. Cra. 412c; τοῦτο ς. S. OC 1474; τοῦτο ς., ὅτι.. Ar. V. 50; τὰ πρὶν οὐκ εὔγνωστα ς. E. Or. [1394]; εὖ ξυνέβαλεν αὐτά Ar. Eq. 427; ἣν [νόσον] οὐδ' ἂν εἷς γνοίη ποτ' οὐδ' ἂν ξυμβάλοι Id. V. 72; ς. ἔπη E. Med. 675; τοὖναρ Id. IT 55; τὴν μαντείαν Pl. Cra. 384a; τὸν χρησμόν Arist. Fr. 532, cf. 76; σήματα ς., εἰ.. ἤ.. Arat. 1146: abs., καθὼς συμβάλλομεν ἐκ τοὖ.. Sor. 2.63: — Med., abs., Heraclit. 47, freq. in Hdt., as 2.33, 4.87: c. acc., make out, understand, τὸ πρῆγμα ib. 111; ς. τι ἔκ τινος 6.107; τῇδε, ὅτι.. from the fact that.., 3.68: c. acc. et inf., 1.68, 2.33, 112, al.; folld. by indirect question, 4.45. agree, arrange, καθάπερ ξυνέβαλον ἢ διέθεντο IG 12.46.14; πρὸς ἐμὲ πάντες συμβάλλετε X. Cyr. 6.2.41: — Med., make a treaty, Foed. ap. Th. 5.77; agree upon, fix, settle, λόφον εἰς ὃν δέοι ἁλίζεσθαι X. An. 6.3.3; ἔδει σε, καθότι συνεβάλου ἡμῖν, Ἡρακλείδην.. ἀπεσταλκέναι PCair.Zen. 314.1 (iii B.C.).
συμβάλλω (συνβάλλω WH (so Tdf. except Luke 14:31); cf. Σιν, II. at the end); imperfect συνέβαλλον; 2 aorist συνέβαλον; 2 aorist middle συνεβαλομην; from Homer down; to throw together, to bring together;
a. λόγους (Latinsermones conferre), to converse, Euripides, Iphig. Aul. 830; with λόγους omitted (cf. English confer), Plutarch, mor., p. 222 e. (Winers Grammar, 593 (552); (Buttmann, 145 (127))): τίνι, to dispute with one, Acts 17:18 (where A. V. encountered (cf.
c. below)); πρός ἀλλήλους, to confer with one another, deliberate among themselves, Acts 9:15.
b. to bring together in one's mind, confer with oneself (cf. σύν, II. 4), to consider, ponder: ἐν τῇ καρδία, to revolve in the mind, Luke 2:19 (συμβαλων τῷ λογισμῷ τό ὄναρ, Josephus, Antiquities 2, 5, 3).
c. intransitive (Winers Grammar, § 38, 1; (Buttmann, § 130, 4)), to come together, meet: τίνι, to meet one (on a journey), Acts 20:14 (Homer, Odyssey 21, 15; Josephus, Antiquities 2, 7, 5); "to encounter in a hostile sense: τίνι, to fight with one (1 Macc. 4:34; 2 Macc. 8:23 2Macc. 14:17; Polybius 1, 9, 7; 3, 111, 1, and often), with εἰς πόλεμον added, Luke 14:31 (εἰς μάχην, Polybius 3, 56, 6; Josephus, Antiquities 12, 8, 4; πρός μάχην, Polybius 10, 37, 4). Middle, to bring together of one's property, to contribute, aid, help: πολύ τίνι, one, Acts 18:27; often so in Greek authors also, especially Polybius; cf. Schweighäuser, Lex. Polybius, p. 576; Passow, under the word, 1 b. ἆ.; (Liddell and Scott, under the word I. 2); Grimm, Exeget. Hdbch. on Wis. 5:8.
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συν -βάλλω
(Rec. συμ -),
[in LXX: 2 Chronicles 25:19 (H1624 hith.), Isaiah 46:6 (H2107), Jeremiah 43:3 (H5496 hi.), Wisdom of Solomon 5:8, al.;]
to throw together, hence,
(a) of speech (seq. λόγους , Eur., al.), to discuss, confer (sc. λόγους ): c. dat. pers., Luke 11:53, WH, mg., Acts 17:18; seq. πρὸς ἀλλήλους , Acts 4:15;
(b) to reflect, consider, ponder: ἐν τ . καρδίᾳ , Luke 2:19;
(c) to meet with, fall in with: Acts 20:14; in hostile sense, εἰς πόλεμον , c. dat. (εἰς μάχην , Polyb.), Luke 14:31;
(d) mid., to contribute (Polyb., al.; cf. MM, xxiv): Acts 18:27.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For the metaph. meaning ";perceive,"; ";understand,"; which alone is found in the NT, see P Cairo Zen I. 590615 (B.C. 257) συνίημι καὶ αὐ ̣[τός, ἀλλὰ σὺ ἱκανὸς εἶ διοι ]κῆσαι καὶ ἀποστεῖλαι ὡς ἀσφαλέστατα, where συνίημι takes the place of ἐπίσταμαι in the closely parallel 5906011. The literal meaning ";bring together"; is probable in PSI VI. 665.7 (iii/B.C.) γ ̣εωργοὺς δὲ οὓς οὐ συνίημι, but unfortunately the verb is followed by a lacuna.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
