Bible Lexicons

קָרָא fut. יִקְרָא.

(1)  to cry out, to call; κράζειν. (A verb. prop. onomatopoetic; used also of beasts (see קֹרֵא ); compare Gr. κράζω (κραγ), κηρύσσω (κηρυγ); in the German languages charen, to cry out; charo, outcry, weeping; often used of the cry of beasts, like krähen, krächzen; French, crier; Engl. to cry; with a prefixed sibilant, skreian; Swedish, skria, fchreien; with a sibilant added at the end, kreifchen, כָּרַז which see. See Fulda’s German roots, p. 115, 227.) It is used absol. of any kind of cry, even when not articulate; like צָעַק Genesis 39:14, וָאֶקְרָא בְּקוֹל גָּדוֹל “I cried with a loud voice.” LXX. ἐβόησα φωνῇ μεγάλῃ. Verse 15 Genesis 39:15, הֲרִימוֹתִי קוֹלִי וָאֶקְרָא. The words which are cried out aloud, often follow, either immediately, Genesis 45:1, וַיִּקְרָא הוֹצִיאוּ וגו׳ “and (Joseph) cried, out, Cause to go out,” etc. Genesis 41:43, וַיִּקְרָא לְפָנָיו אַבְרֵךְ. Levit. 13:45 Judges 7:20; 2 Samuel 20:16; 2 Kings 11:14; Esther 6:9, 11 or with the insertion of לֵאמֹר Ezekiel 9:1 וַיֹּאמֵר 2 Samuel 18:28: compare 2 Kings 18:28, וַיִּקְרָא בְקוֹל־גָּדוֹלּ יְהוּדִית וַיְדַבֵּר וַיּאֹמֶר “and he cried out in a loud voice in the Jews’ dialect, and spake and said.” Specially

(a) followed by אֶל of pers., to call upon, to call to any one (jemandem zurufen), Judges 18:23 the express words being added, with לֵאמֹר prefixed, 1 Samuel 26:14, and וַיּאֹמֶר Judges 9:54; 1 Samuel 17:8; 1 Kings 17:11 also followed by עַל of pers., Isaiah 34:14 (“the demons shall cry to one another”); followed by אַחֲרֵי of pers., to cry after any one, to call him as he goes away, 1 Samuel 20:37, 38 1 Samuel 20:38, 24:9. It often is

(b) i.q. to ask aid; especially of God; absol. Psalms 4:2, בְּקָרְאִי עֲנֵנִי “when I call, hear me.” Psalms 22:3, 34:7 69:4 followed by אֶל יְהֹוָה Psalms 14:4, 28:1 30:9 55:17 61:3 Judges 15:18, 16:28 2 Kings 20:11; Hosea 7:7 לֵאלֹהִים Psalms 57:3 with suff., Psalms 17:6, 88:10 91:15. With the addition of עַל of pers., on whose account the aid of God is sought, Deuteronomy 15:9.

(c) i.q. κηρύσσειν (by which it often is rendered by the LXX.), as a herald or prophet. Absol., Proverbs 1:21, “wisdom crieth in the broadways.” Proverbs 8:1 with an acc., Proverbs 20:6; Isaiah 40:6, “the voice said, Cry; but he answered, What shall I cry?” Isaiah 58:1; Zechariah 1:14, 17 Zechariah 1:17 followed by עַל of the object, Jonah 1:2. The words uttered also follow, Exodus 32:5; Jeremiah 2:2, 7:2 19:2 51:61 or it is joined with an acc. Zechariah 7:7; Isaiah 44:7 Joel 4:9, קִרְאוּ זאֹת בַּגּוֹיִם “proclaim this amongst the nations;” or followed by כִּי Isaiah 40:2. קָרָא דְרוֹר לְ to declare, to announce freedom (to slaves, captives), Jeremiah 34:8, 15:17 Isaiah 61:1. קָרָא צוֹם to proclaim a fast (to the people), Jeremiah 36:9; Jonah 3:5; Ezra 8:21. From the signification of proclaiming, comes also that of reciting and reading; for this, see No. 4.

(2) to call (καλεῖν rufen), specially

(a) to can any one to oneself, followed by an acc. Genesis 27:1; Exodus 2:8; 1 Samuel 3:16; Hosea 7:11 followed by לְ Genesis 20:9 Levit. 9:1 Hosea 11:1; Isaiah 46:11 followed by אֶל Genesis 3:9; Exodus 3:4; 1 Samuel 3:4. קָרָא אֵלָיו to call to oneself, 2 Samuel 15:2. Metaph. Proverbs 18:6, “his mouth calleth for strokes,” i.e. deserves and invites them. Ruth 4:11, קְרָא שֵׁם בְּבֵית־לֶחֶם i.e. “call (acquire for thyself) a name in Bethlehem.”

(b) when it refers to many, to call together, followed by an acc. Genesis 41:8 followed by a dat. Genesis 20:8, 39:14 אֶל Genesis 49:1. Hence קָרָא עֲצָרָה to convene a holy assembly, Joel 1:14 compare Isaiah 1:13 a feast, Levit. 23:2,. קְרֻאֵי הָעֵדָה those called to an assembly, Numbers 1:16.

(c) to call, i.e. to invite any one to a meal (compare καλεῖν ἐπὶ δεῖπνον), 1 Samuel 9:13, 22 1 Samuel 9:22; 1 Kings 1:9, 19 1 Kings 1:19, 41 1 Kings 1:41, 49 1 Kings 1:49 figuratively קָרָא לְשָׁלוֹם לְ to invite to make peace, Deuteronomy 20:10; Judges 21:13.

(d) to summon before a judge (καλεῖν, καλεῖν εἰς δίκην), Job 5:1, 13:22. (14:15 ); Isaiah 59:4 (parall. נִשְׁפַּט).

(e) to call out soldiers, Isaiah 13:3.

(f) to call any one to an office, i.q. בָּחַר to choose, followed by an acc. Isaiah 49:6, 48:15 49:1 51:2 followed by לְ Isaiah 22:20. In the same sense but more emphatic there is said קָרָא בְשֵׁם פ׳ to call any one by name, Isai. 43:1 45:3, Isaiah 22:4 compare Exodus 31:2.

(g) קָרָא בְשֵׁם יְיָ to call upon the name of God, i.e. to celebrate, to praise God, to implore his aid, Genesis 4:26, 12:8 Exodus 33:19; Psalms 79:6, 105:1 Isaiah 64:6; Jeremiah 10:25; Zephaniah 3:9 (compare הִזְכִּיר בְּשֵׁם יְיָ); also ק׳ בְּשֵׁם הַבַּעַל 1 Kings 18:26. In the same sense, בְּ being omitted, there is said קָרָא שֵׁם יְיָ (which differs from the phrase No. 1, b), Deuteronomy 32:3; Psalms 99:6; Lamentations 3:55. (A different sense occurs in Exodus 33:19, where God himself speaks, קָרָאתִי בְשֵׁם יְהֹוָה לְפָנֶיךָ “and I will proclaim by name before thee, Jehovah is present,” sc. that thou mayest know the presence of God Most High, I will myself act as the herald who shall announce the coming of God. Compare Genesis 41:49.) More rarely it is

(h) to celebrate persons. Psalms 49:12, קָֽרְאוּ בִשְׁמוֹתָם “they praise their names” (of the rich). Proverbs 20:6, יִקְרָא אִישׁ חַסְדּוֹ “they celebrate every one his own goodness.” The sense is somewhat different in the following, Isaiah 44:5, זֶה יִקְרָא בְשֵׁם יַעֲקֹב “this man shall celebrate the name of Jacob,” i.e. shall follow and praise the party of Jacob.

(3) to call, to name, to give a name, fully קָרָא שֵׁם לְ to impose a name on any one, Gr. καλειxν τινά τι (II. v. 306; Od. viii. 550), Genesis 26:18; Ruth 4:17; Psalms 147:4. It is variously construed

(a) followed by an acc. of the name and a dative of the thing on which the name is put. Genesis 1:5, וַיִּקְרָא אֱלֹהִים לָאוֹר; יוֹם verses, 10 31:47 1 Samuel 4:21; Ruth 1:20, 21 Isaiah 47:1 and frequently.

(b) followed by two acc., Numbers 32:41; Isaiah 60:18 but commonly

(c) in this manner, Genesis 4:25, וַתִּקְרָא אֶת שְׁמוֹ שֵׁת “and she called his name Seth;” 4:26 5:2,, 29 11:9 19:22 27:36 29:34.

(4) to recite, to read aloud (from the signification of crying out, see No. 1, fin.) any thing, with an acc., Exodus 24:7; Joshua 8:34, 35 Joshua 8:35; 2 Kings 23:2 also קָרָא בְסֵפֶר to read what is written in a book (comp. שָׁתָה בְ to drink what is in a vessel), Nehemiah 8:8, 18 9:3 Isaiah 37:14, seqq.; often with the addition of בְּאָזְנֵי פ׳ Ex. Josh. l.l.c.c. נֶגֶד פּ ׳ Deuteronomy 31:11. Hence gener. to read, Deuteronomy 17:19; 2 Kings 5:7, 19:14 22:8 Isaiah 29:11. (Arab قرأ Syr. ܩܪܐܳ to read.)

Niphal נִקְרָא

(1) to be called, i.e. to bid to come by calling, to be called together, Jeremiah 44:26; Esther 3:12, 6:1 8:9. נִקְרָא שֵׁם פּ׳ to celebrate any one’s name, Ruth 4:14.

(2) to be called, named. Construed

(a) followed by a dat. of person and thing, to which a name is given. Genesis 2:23, לְזאֹת יִקּרֵא אִשָּׁה “she shall be called woman;” 1 Samuel 9:9; Isaiah 1:26, 32:5 62:4, 12 Isaiah 62:12.

(b) with two nominatives. Zechariah 8:3, נִקְרְאָה יְרוּשָׁלַים עִיר הָאֱמֶת “Jerusalem shall be called the city of truth;” Isaiah 48:2, 54:5 56:7 and

(c) with the addition of the noun שֵׁם. Genesis 17:5, לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֹד אֶת־שִׁמְךָ אֲבְרָם “thy name shall no more be called Abram;” 45:10 Deuteronomy 25:10; Daniel 10:1. Compare as to this threefold construction in Kal No. 3.

Also observe these phrases

(a) נִקְרָא בְשֵׁם פּ׳ to be called by any one’s name, i.e. to be reckoned to his race, Isaiah 43:7, 48:1 followed by בְּ Genesis 21:12 and in like manner עַל שֵׁם Genesis 48:6, עַל שֵׁם אֶחָיו יִקָּֽרְאוּ “they shall be counted with their brethren” (shall bear the same name as their brethren, shall be called the sons of Joseph, not of Jacob); also מִן Isaiah 48:2, מֵעִיר הַקֹּדֶשׁ נִקְרָאוּ i.e. they wish to be called the inhabitants of the city.

(β) נִקְרָא שְׁמִי עַל my name is called upon any thing, i.e. it is added to that thing, the thing is called mine (as the house of one’s father is the house which the father possesses), Isaiah 4:1; 2 Samuel 12:28. So of the people of Israel who bear the name of God (who are called the people of God), Deuteronomy 28:10; Isaiah 63:19; Jeremiah 14:9; Amos 9:12; 2 Chronicles 7:14 used of the temple, 1 Kings 8:43; Jeremiah 7:10, 11, 14, 30 34:15 Jerusalem, Daniel 9:18, 19 prophets, Jeremiah 15:16. Also, to be called, is sometimes used for to be (since men call us, and we acquire cognomens from what we are, or at least, from what we seem to be), as Isaiah 1:26, “afterward thou shalt be called the city of righteousness,” i.e. thou shalt be graced with such an epithet, because in fact thou shalt be righteous; Isaiah 9:5, 30:7 [both Kal]; 35:8 47:1, Isaiah 47:5[both Kal]; 48:8 [Pual]; 56:7 (compare 4:3 19:18, and my Comment. on Isa., iii. p. 29). So Gr. κεκλῆσθαι Il. iv. 61, Od. vii. 313. Monk ad Eurip. Hippolyt., 2. Porson ad Phœniss., 576.

(3) to be read aloud, recited, Esther 6:1 followed by בְּ in a book, Nehemiah 13:1.

Pual

(1) pass. of Kal No. 2, letter f, to be called, i.e. to be chosen, Isaiah 48:12.

(2) to be called, named, Isaiah 65:1 generally, קֹרָא לְ 48:8 58:12 61:3 62:2 Ezekiel 10:13. See also the remarks at the end of Niphal.

Derivatives, קֹרֵא, קָרִיא, קְרִיאָה, מִקְרָא.

II.

קָרָא i.q. קָרָה to meet, hence to happen, to occur to any one (whether good or bad), followed by an acc. of pers., Genesis 42:4, 38 Genesis 42:38, 49:1 Leviticus 10:19. Inf. קִרְאָה (of the form יִרְאָה) a meeting, hence לְקִרְאַת which every where (in the Syriac manner) is contracted into לִקְרַאת, with suff. לִקְרָאתִי, לִקְרַאתְכֶם prep.

(1)  towards, to meet, Genesis 46:29; Exodus 4:27, 18:7 in a hostile sense, Judges 7:24 pregn., Joshua 11:20, “that their hearts should be hardened לִקְרַאת הַמִּלְחָמָה to go into battle.”

(2) opposite to, over against, Genesis 15:10; 1 Samuel 4:2.

Niphal

(1) to be made to meet, to meet any one, followed by עַל Exodus 5:3 לִפְנֵי 2 Samuel 18:9 used of things, Deuteronomy 22:6.

(2) to be by chance, to happen, 2 Samuel 1:6, 20:1.

Hiphil, to cause to happen (evil to any one), with two acc., Jeremiah 32:23.

וְלִקְרַ֖את וְקָרָ֨את וַיִּקָּרֵא֙ וַתִּקְרֶ֥אנָה וַתַּקְרֵ֣א וּקְרָאָ֤הוּ ויקרא ולקראת וקראהו וקראת ותקרא ותקראנה יִקְרָ֥א יִקְרָאֶ֖נּוּ יִקָּרֵ֣א יקרא יקראנו לִקְרַ֖את לִקְרַ֣את לִקְרַ֥את לִקְרַ֨את לִקְרָאת֑וֹ לִקְרָאת֔וֹ לִקְרָאת֖וֹ לִקְרָאתִ֔י לִקְרָאתִֽי׃ לִקְרָאתָ֑הּ לִקְרָאתָ֔ם לקראת לקראתה לקראתו לקראתי לקראתי׃ לקראתם נִקְרָ֜א נִקְרָ֣א נִקְרֹ֤א נקרא קְ֭רָאַנִי קְרָאֻ֣נִי קָרָ֥את קֹֽרְאֹתַ֔יִךְ קראני קראת קראתיך תִקְרֶ֤אנָה תקראנה kaRat Keraani keraUni koreoTayich likRat likraTah likraTam likraTi likraTo liq·rā·ṯāh liq·rā·ṯām liq·rā·ṯî liq·rā·ṯōw liq·raṯ liqraṯ liqrāṯāh liqrāṯām liqrāṯî liqrāṯōw nikRa nikRo niq·rā niq·rō niqrā niqrō qā·rāṯ qārāṯ qə·rā·’a·nî qə·rā·’u·nî qərā’anî qərā’unî qō·rə·’ō·ṯa·yiḵ qōrə’ōṯayiḵ tikRenah ṯiq·re·nāh ṯiqrenāh ū·qə·rā·’ā·hū ukeraAhu ūqərā’āhū vaiyikkaRe vattakRe vattikRenah vekaRat velikRat wat·taq·rê wat·tiq·re·nāh wattaqrê wattiqrenāh way·yiq·qā·rê wayyiqqārê wə·liq·raṯ wə·qā·rāṯ wəliqraṯ wəqārāṯ yikkaRe yikRa yikraEnnu yiq·qā·rê yiq·rā yiq·rā·’en·nū yiqqārê yiqrā yiqrā’ennū