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Bible Lexicons

Old & New Testament Greek Lexical DictionaryGreek Lexicon

Strong's #4417 - πταίω

Transliteration

ptaíō

Phonetics

ptah'-yo

Root Word (Etymology)

a form of (G4098)

Parts of Speech

Verb

TDNT

6:883,968

Definition

Thayer
Strong
Mounce

Thayer's

to cause one to stumble or fall
to stumble
1. to err, make a mistake, to sin
2. to fall into misery, become wretched

Hebrew Equivalent Words:

Strong #: 3369 ‑ יָקַשׁ (yaw‑koshe'); 5062 ‑ נָגַף (naw‑gaf');

Frequency Lists

Book
Word
Parsing

Verse Results

KJV (5)

Romans 1

James 3

2 Peter 1

NAS (5)

Romans 1

James 3

2 Peter 1

HCS (5)

Romans 1

James 3

2 Peter 1

BSB (5)

Romans 1

James 3

2 Peter 1

ESV (5)

Romans 1

James 3

2 Peter 1

WEB (6)

Romans 1

James 3

2 Peter 2

KJV (5)

fall 1

offend 3

stumbled 1

NAS (5)

stumble 4

stumbles 1

HCS (5)

fails 1

have they stumbled 1

stumble 3

BSB (5)

We all stumble 1

at fault 1

did they stumble 1

stumble 1

stumbles 1

ESV (5)

fails 1

fall 1

stumble 3

WEB (6)

did they stumble 1

nbsp 1

stumble 3

stumbles 1

RAH

V-AAI3P 2

V-AAI3S 6

V-AAN 1

V-AAS2S 1

V-PAI3S 1

V-XAI3P 1

ANT

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-AAS-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

BEZ

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-FAI-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

BGB

V-AIA-3P 1

V-ASA-2P 1

V-ASA-3S 1

V-PIA-1P 1

V-PIA-3S 1

BMT

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-FAI-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

BYZ

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-FAI-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

ELZ

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-FAI-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

NA26

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-AAS-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

SBL

V-1PAIP 1

V-2AASP 1

V-3AAIP 1

V-3AASS 1

V-3PAIS 1

SCV

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-FAI-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

STV

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-FAI-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

TIS

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-AAS-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-FAI-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

V-AAI-3P 1

V-AAS-2P 1

V-AAS-3S 1

V-PAI-1P 1

V-PAI-3S 1

Liddell-Scott-Jones Definitions

πταίω, Th. 1.122, etc.: fut. πταίσω D. 2.20: aor. ἔπταισα Hdt. 9.101, etc.: pf. ἔπταικα Men. 675, Bato 1, Plb. 3.48.4, ( προς- ) Isoc. 6.82: — Pass., v. infr.1:

I trans., cause to stumble or fall, σύνθεσιν ποτὶ ψεύδει Pi. Fr. 205, cf. LXX 1 Samuel 4:3 : — Pass., to be missed, of things, Ael. NA 2.15; τὰ πταισθέντα failures, errors, Luc. Demon. 7; ἃ ἐπταίσθη his failures, Plu. Comp.Dion.Brut. 3 .

II intr., stumble, trip, fall, π. πρός τινι stumble against, fall over, π., ὥσπερ πρὸς ἕρματι, πρὸς τῇ πόλει Pl. R. 553b, cf. A. Pr. 926, Theoc. 7.26; πρὸς τὰς πέτρας cj. in X. An. 4.2.3; prov., μὴ δὶς πρὸς τὸν αὐτὸν λίθον πταίειν Plb. 31.11.5; also π. περί τινι, μὴ περὶ Μαρδονίῳ πταίσῃ ἡ Ἑλλάς lest Hellas should get a fall over him, i.e. be defeated by him, Hdt. 9.101 .

2. metaph., make a false step or mistake, Th. 2.43, D. 2.20, Men. 672, etc.; ἐὰν πταίωσί τι when they make a blunder, of medical men, Philem. 75.5; οὐκ ἐλάττω, ἐλάχιστα, τὰ πλείω π ., Th. 1.122, 4.18, 6.33; ἔν τισι D. 18.286; λογισμοῖς Men. 380; τῇ μάχῃ, τοῖς ὅλοις, τοῖς πράγμασι, etc., Plb. 18.14.13, 3.48.4, 1.10.1, etc.; ἀψευδὴς ὢν καὶ μὴ π. τῇ διανοίᾳ περὶ τὰ ὄντα Pl. Tht. 160d; also π. ὑπ' ἀνάγκας S. Ph. 215 (lyr.); ὑπό τινος π. τῇ πατρίδι Plb. 5.93.2; ἐκ τύχης Id. 2.7.3 .

3. π. τῆς ἐλπίδος to be baulked of . ., Hdn. 8.5.1 .

4. ἡ γλῶττα π . stutters, Arist. Pr. 875b19 .

Thayer's Expanded Definition

πταίω; future πταίσω; 1 aorist ἐπταισα; (akin to ΠΑΤΩ and πίπτω (cf. Vanicek, p. 466)); from (Pindar), Aeschylus, and Herodotus down;

1. transitive, τινα, to cause one to stumble or fall.

2. intransitive, to stumble: δίς πρός τόν αὐτόν λίθον, Polybius 31, 19, 5. tropically (cf. English trip, stumble)

a. to err, to make a mistake (Plato, Theact c. 15, p. 160 d.); to sin: absolutely Romans 11:11 (ἴδιον ἀνθρώπου φιλεῖν καί τούς πταιοντας, Antoninus 7, 22); πολλά, in many ways, James 3:2; ἐν ἑνί (namely, νόμῳ), to stumble in, i. e. sin against, one law, James 2:10 (but see εἷς, 2 a. at the end); ἐν λόγῳ (for the (more common) simple dative), to sin in word or speech, James 3:2.

b. to fall into misery, become wretched (often so in Greek writings): of the loss of salvation, 2 Peter 1:10.

Abbott-Smith Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament

πταίω ,

[in LXX chiefly for H5062 ni.;]

1. trans., to cause to stumble (1 Samuel 4:3, cf. Deiss., BS, 681).

2. Intrans., to stumble. Metaph., in moral sense, Romans 11:11, James 2:10; James 3:2, 2 Peter 1:10.†

Abbott-Smith Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.

Vocabulary of the Greek NT

Ἔρρωσο, ἔρρωσθε (uale, ualete), are regular closing formulae (as in Acts 15:29) in both private and official letters. Naturally they are much varied by the addition of terms of endearment and otherwise, particularly during the second and third centuries A.D. The following exx. must suffice : P Tebt II. 315.36 (ii/A.D.) ἔρρωσό μοι, τιμιώτατε, P Hamb I. 54ii. 15 (ii/iii A.D.) ἔρρωσό μοι πολλοῖς χρόνοις ὑγια ̣ι ̣νων μετὰ καὶ τῶν σῶν, P Oxy XII. 1586.15 (early iii/A.D.) ἐρρῶσθ (αι) εὔχομ (αι) [π ]ανοικεί, ib. I.122.12 (iii/iv A.D.) ἐρ ]ρῶσθαί σε, κύριέ μου ἄδελφε, πολλοῖς χρόνοις καὶ προκόπτειν εὔχομαι. Many other exx. will be found in Exler Epistolography p. 74 ff. For the verb = ";have strength"; of persons cf. PSI V. 495.22 (B. C. 258–7) βουλόμεθα γάρ σε τῶι τε σώματι ἐρρῶσθ [αι, and of trees cf. CP Herm I. 28.11 φοίνικες ἄλλοι ἐρ [ρω ]μένοι.

The subst. ῥῶσις is used in connexion wilh praying for ";strength"; for anyone, e.g. OGIS 206.4 εὐξάμενος ῥῶσιν καὶ τέκνοις καὶ γαμετῇ. See also in application to the body Vett. Val. p. 160.13.

[Supplemental from 1930 edition]

Add the unusual formula P Oxy XVII. 2107.9 (A.D. 262) ἐρρῶσθαι ὑμᾶς εἴη, ";I hope for your health.";

List of Word Forms

επταίκασιν επταισαν έπταισαν ἔπταισαν έπταισεν πταιει πταίει πταιομεν πταίομεν πταίσαι πταίσει πταιση πταίσῃ πταίσης πταισητε πταίσητέ πταρμώ eptaisan éptaisan ptaiei ptaíei ptaiomen ptaíomen ptaise ptaisē ptaísei ptaísēi ptaisete ptaisēte ptaíseté ptaísēté