the Week of Proper 25 / Ordinary 30
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4374 - προσφέρω
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- Strong
- Mounce
- to bring to, lead to
- one to a person who can heal him or is ready to show him some kindness, one to a person who is to judge him
- to bring a present or a thing, to reach or hand a thing to one
- to put to
- to be borne towards one, to attack, assail
- to behave one's self towards one, deal with one
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προσφέρω (once ποσφέρω, q.v.), Dor. ποτιφέρω Prov. ap. Plu. 2.239a: fut. προσοίσω E. Andr. 257: Ion. aor. προσένεικα Hdt. 3.87: Ion. aor. Pass. προσηνείχθην Id. 9.71: —
bring to or upon, apply to, π. πύργοισι κλιμάκων προσαμβάσεις E. Ph. 488; πῦρ σοι Id. Andr. 257; μηχανὰς [τοῖσι τείχεσι ] Hdt. 6.18, cf. Th. 2.58 (and so metaph., Hdt. 6.125 (unless in signf. A. 1.2); π. νόμον, ψήφισμα πρὸς τὴν συγγραφήν bring to bear against . ., D. 35.39 ); τὴν χεῖρα πρὸς τοὺς μυκτῆρας Hdt. 3.87; but χέρα τινὶ προσενεγκεῖν lay hands upon . ., Pi. P. 9.36; π. τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῖς, in hostile sense, Plb. 3.79.4, cf. PCair.Zen. 18.8 (iii B.C.), PPetr. 2p.10 (iii B.C.) (but also in a friendly relation, X. Mem. 2.6.31 sq., and in supplication to the gods, hold out one's hands to, UPZ 106.12, 107.14 (ii B.C.) ); ἀνάγκην or ἀναγκαίην τισὶ π . Hdt. 7.136, 172, cf. A. Ch. 76 (lyr.); βίην τισί Hdt. 3.19; τινὶ βάσανον Pl. Phlb. 23a; so of surgical or medical treatment, Hp. Ulc. 24; πταρμὸν [τῇ λυγγί ] Pl. Smp. 189a ( Pass. ). cf. 187e; τὰς τομὰς καὶ τὰς καύσεις τινί D.C. 55.17; κλύδωνα σαυτῷ αὐθαίρετον bring upon thyself, Trag.Adesp. 568: without dat., apply, employ, use, καινὰ σοφά E. Med. 298, Ar. Th. 1130 (cf. infr. 3 ); ἴαμα Th. 2.51; τεχνήματα A. Fr. 322; πάσας μηχανάς E. IT 112; πάντας ἐλέγχους Ar. Lys. 484; π. τόλμαν bring it to bear, Pi. N. 10.30; also π. πόλεμον Hdt. 7.9 . γ (v.l.); ἔρωτα Pl. Smp. 187e .
2. add, μηδὲ π. μέθυ S. OC 481 (or in signf. A. 1.3a); εἰ κακὸν προσοίσομεν νέον παλαιῷ E. Med. 78 (or perh., bear in addition ); π. τι πρός τι Hdt. 6.125 (or in signf. A. 1.1).
3. present, offer, ἄεθλον, of a triumphal ode, Pi. O. 9.108; λουτρὰ πατρί S. El. 434; [ τόξα ] Id. Ph. 775; τὴν δᾷδά τινι Ar. Pl. 1052; τὴν χεῖρά τινι ἄκραν Id. Lys. 436; δῶρα Th. 2.97 ( Pass. ); οὐθὲν κολοβὸν προσφέρομεν πρὸς τοὺς θεούς Arist. Fr. 101; οἶνον μὴ π . Schwyzer 696 ( Chios ); σφάγια καὶ θυσίας LXX Amos 5:25, al., cf. Ep.Hebrews 11:4; τὸ δῶρόν σου Ev.Matthew 5:24, etc. esp. of food, drink, or medicine, θαλλὸν χιμαίραις S. Fr. 502; π. τὰ ῥυφήματα καὶ τὰ πόματα Hp. Acut. 26, cf. Pl. Phdr. 270b, Pl.Com. 55, Alex. 189, etc.; π. τὸ φάρμακον τῇ κεφαλῇ Pl. Chrm. 157c; ἑαυτῷ π φάρμακον administer poison to oneself, POxy. 472.6 (ii A.D.); set food before one, X. Mem. 3.11.13 and 14, Pl. Lg. 792a: c. inf., π. τινὶ ἐμπιεῖν καὶ φαγεῖν X. Cyr. 7.1.1; also διψῶντι γάρ τοι πάντα προσφέρων σοφὰ οὐκ ἂν πλέον τέρψειας ἢ' μπιεῖν διδούς S. Fr. 763; χυμὸς ἐπιτήδειος προσφέρειν Hp. VM 24; ὁ προσφέρων Id. Epid. 1.23: — Pass., τὰ προσφερόμενα ibid., X. Cyn. 6.2; ἡ προσφερομένη τροφή Pl. Sph. 230c .
4. address proposals, an offer, etc., π. λόγον τινί Hdt. 3.134, 5.30, cf. 40; περὶ σπονδῶν Th. 3.109; ὅτι . . D. 48.6; λόγους π. τισί Th. 3.4; λόγους π. περὶ ξυμβάσεως τοῖς στρατηγοῖς Id. 2.70, cf. Hdt. 8.52; λόγους τισὶ ξυναποστῆναι Th. 1.57 .
5. convey property by deed of gift or by bequest, Arch.Pap. 4.130 (ii A.D.): — Pass., PAmh. 2.71.6 (ii A.D.) .
II contribute, pay, ἑκατὸν τάλαντα π . Hdt. 3.91, cf. Th. 1.138; π. μετοίκιον pay an alientax, X. Vect. 2.1, cf. OGI 13.20 (Samos, iv B.C., Med. ), PGiss. 50.12 (iii A.D.); bring in, yield, X. Vect. 4.15, D. 27.9 .
III intr., resemble, c. acc. of respect in which, π. νόον ἀθανάτοις Pi. N. 6.4; θηρὸς χρωτὶ νόον προσφέρων Id. Fr. 43; π. τρόπους παιδί Trag.Adesp. 453; cf. infr. B. 1.5 . bear in addition, v. supr. A. 1.2. Pass., with fut. προσοίσομαι Th. 6.44, D. 48.22: aor. προσηνεγκάμην, = προσηνέχθην, D.S. 16.8: — to be borne towards, and of ships, put in, εἰς λιμένα X. Cyr. 5.4.6: hence,
2. attack. assault, πρός τινας Hdt. 5.34, 111, 112, 7.209, X. HG 4.3.20, etc.; τινι Hdt. 5.109, Th. 4.126, etc.; κατὰ τὸ ἰσχυρότατον προσηνείχθησαν attacked where the enemy was strongest, Hdt. 9.71, cf. 5.101, Th. 7.44, Pl. R. 422b; προσφέρεσθαι ἄποροι difficult to engage, Hdt. 9.49, cf. Pl. Ly. 223b .
3. without any sense of hostility, go to or towards, approach, ἐκ τοῦ Ἰκαρίου πελάγεος προσφερόμενοι sailing, Hdt. 6.96; π. τοῖσι Κορινθίοισι Id. 8.94; τῷ σκοπέλῳ, τῇ Τρῳάδι, Luc. JTr. 15, DMort. 19.2; πόλεμος ἀπὸ Πελοποννήσου -φερόμενος Plu. Per. 8; τὰ -όμενα πρήγματα matters that were brought to him, Hdt. 2.173 .
4. deal with, behave oneself in a certain way towards a person, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἴσου ὑμῖν π . Th. 1.140; τοῖς κρείσσοσι καλῶς Id. 5.111, cf. X. Cyr. 7.2.16; τισὶν οὐ μετρίως D. 9.24, cf. PTeb. 750.2 (ii B.C.), Sammelb. 5675.6 (ii B.C.); φιλανθρώπως [τῇ Ποτειδαία ] D.S. 16.8, cf. SIG 807.13 ( Magn. Mae.); ὀρθότατα ἵπποις π . X. Eq. 1.1; also τίνα τρόπον προσφέρῃ πρὸς τὰ παιδικά Pl. Ly. 205b, cf. Phdr. 252d; ἄριστα π. πρὸς τοὺς ἀμφισβητοῦντας D. 48.22; also of circumstances, ταῖς ξυμφοραῖς εὐξυνετώτερον meet them with intelligence, Th. 4.18; πρὸς τὰ πράγματα ἄριστα π . Id. 6.44; πρὸς τὰς τύχας Pl. R. 604d; πρὸς λόγον answer it, X. Cyr. 4.5.44: abs., χρησμῳδέων π . Hdt. 7.6; ὀλιγώρως π . Lys. 9.17 .
5. προσφέρεσθαί τινι come near, be like, ὁ χαρακτὴρ τοῦ προσώπου προσφέρεσθαι ἐδόκεε ἐς ἑωυτόν Hdt. 1.116; cf. supr. A. 111, and v. προσφερής .
II to be added, Longin. Proll.Heph. p.89C. Med., with fut. -οίσομαι Phld. Sign. 8: 3 sg. aor. 1 subj. -ενέγκηται Epicur. Ephesians 3 p.64U.: — προσφέρεσθαί τι take, of food or drink, assimilate, π. σῖτον, ποτόν . X. Cyr. 4.2.41, cf. Aeschin. 1.145, Thphr. HP 8.4.5, Epicur. l.c., Plu. Dem. 30, Cic. 3, etc.
2. exhibit, ὑμῖν φιλοτιμίαν Epist. Phil. ap. D. 18.167, cf. Epicur. Ephesians 1 p.14U., Inscr.Prien. 42.14, 108.221 (ii B.C.), etc.; also π. ἑαυτόν ib.111.294 (i B.C.) .
3. like the Act., apply, κἂν ὁτιοῦν δουλείας Pl. R. 563d; πᾶσαν σπουδὴν καὶ μηχανήν Plb. 1.18.11, cf. Supp.Epigr. 2.663.5 (Prusa, ii B.C. ), PTeb. 27.14, al. (ii B.C.) .
4. contribute, πλεῖστα πρός τι Athenio 1.2 (s. v. l.); bring with one as dowry, εἱματισμὸν καὶ κόσμον PEleph. 1.4 (iv B.C.), cf. PGiss. 2.12 (ii B.C.), etc.; cf.supr. A. 11.
5. declare, μὴ εἰδέναι γράμματα PHamb. 39.63 (ii A.D.), cf. POxy. 237 vii 26 (ii A.D.), etc.
6. = προσορίζω, add land by deed of conveyance, κυρία ἔσται -ομένη πρὸς πόλιν ἣν ἂν βούληται OGI 225.10 (Didyma, iii B.C. ), cf. 221.44 (Ilium, iii B.C. ), al.
7. convey property, π. ἐν προσφορᾷ [μέρος οἰκίας ] PRyl. 155.7 (ii A.D.), etc.
προσφέρω; imperfect προσέφερον; 1 aorist προσήνεγκα; 2 aorist προσηνεγκον; perfect προσενήνοχα (Hebrews 11:17); passive, present προσφέρομαι; 1 aorist προσηνεχθην; (see references under the word φέρω); from (Pindar), Aeschylus, and Herodotus down; the Sept. often for הִקְרִיב, also for הֵבִיא, הִגִּישׁ, etc., sometimes also for הֶעֱלָה where offering sacrifices is spoken of (as 1 Kings 18:36 Complutensian; 2 Chronicles 29:7; Jeremiah 14:12);
1. to bring to, lead to: τινα τίνι, one to a person who can heal him or is ready to show him some other kindness, Matthew 4:24; Matthew 8:16; Matthew 9:2, 32; Matthew 14:35; Matthew 17:16; Mark 2:4 (namely, τινα) T WH Tr marginal reading; 10:13; Luke 18:15; passive, in Matthew 12:22 (where L WH text act.);
2. The passive with the dative signifies to be borne toward one, to attack, assail; then figuratively, to behave oneself toward one, deal with one: ὡς υἱοῖς ὑμῖν προσφέρεται ὁ Θεός, Hebrews 12:7 (very often so in Attic writings from Thucydides and Xenophon down; Philo de Josepho § 10; de ebrietate § 16; Josephus, b. j. 7, 8, 1; Aelian v. h. 12, 27; Herodian, 1, 13, 14 (7 edition, Bekker)).
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προσ -φέρω ,
[in LXX chiefly for H7126 hi.;]
1. to bring to, lead to: c. acc et dat. pers., Matthew 4:24; Matthew 8:16; Matthew 9:2; Matthew 9:32; Matthew 14:35; Matthew 17:16, Mark 2:4 (WH, R, txt.; sc. αὐτόν ) Mark 10:13, Luke 18:15; Luke 23:14; pass., Matthew 12:22 (act., WH, txt.) Matthew 18:24 (προσήχθη , WH) Matthew 19:13; c. acc rei, Matthew 25:20; id. c. dat. pers., Matthew 22:19, Luke 23:36; τ . στόματι , John 19:29; metaph., c. dat pers., to deal with, Hebrews 12:7 (cl.).
2. to offer: Matthew 2:11, Acts 8:18; esp. (as freq. in LXX; cf. FlJ, Ant., iii, 9, 3) sacrifices, gifts and prayers to God: absol., seq. περί (ὑπέρ ), Mark 1:44, Luke 5:14, Hebrews 5:1; Hebrews 5:3; Hebrews 9:7; Hebrews 10:12; pass., Acts 21:26; c. acc rei (δῶρον , θυσίαν , λυτρείαν , προσφοράν ), Matthew 5:23-24 (aoristic pres.; M, Pr., 247) Matthew 8:4, John 16:2, Acts 7:42; Acts 21:26, Hebrews 5:1; Hebrews 8:3-4; Hebrews 9:7; Hebrews 9:9; Hebrews 10:1-2; Hebrews 10:8; Hebrews 10:11-12; δεήσεις τε κ . ἱκετηρίας , Hebrews 5:7; c. acc pers., Hebrews 11:17 (conative impf.; M, Pr., 129); of Christ, Hebrews 7:27 (ἀνενέγκας , WH, txt.) Hebrews 9:14; Hebrews 9:25; Hebrews 9:28.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
lit. ";strike with a rod,"; verbero, came in late writers to be used in the sense of ";strike (the face) with the palm of the hand"; (Suidas : ῥαπίσαι · πατάσσειν τὴν γνάθον ἁπλῇ τῇ χειρί) : see Lob. Phryn. p. 175, and cf. Rutherford NP p. 257 ff. This suits both the NT occurrences of the verb Matthew 5:39; Matthew 26:67 : cf. LXX Hosea 11:4, 1 Esdras 4:31.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.