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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4272 - προδίδωμι
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- to give before, give first
- to betray
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προδίδωμι,
give beforehand, pay in advance, X. HG 1.5.7, IG 22.1304.34; προεδίδου cj. for προς- in Plb. 8.15.7; προδιδούς, opp. ἐπιδιδούς, Gal. 12.174; give first, Ep.Romans 11:35 : — Pass., Arist. Oec. 1350a36; τῶν -δεδομένων τιμῶν Inscr.Prien. 107.17, cf. GDI 5181.34( Crete ); of a menu-tablet, Ath. 2.49d .
II give up, [ κλῆρον ] PPetr. 3p.96 (iii B.C.); deliver up, τοὺς ὁμοκωμήτας ἡμῖν PThead. 17.16 (iv A.D.): most freq., give up to the enemy, betray, τοὺς λοιποὺς τοῖσι Σαμίοισι Hdt. 6.23; τὸ σὸν θνητοῖσι π. γέρας A. Pr. 38, etc.; π. τὴν Ποτείδαιαν Hdt. 8.128; τὰν φυγάδα A. Supp. 420 (lyr.); ἱκέτας E. Heracl. 246; πυργώματα A. Th. 251; τὰς πύλας, φρούριον, Ar. Av. 766, Ra. 362; of a woman, π. τὸ σῶμα Lys. Fr. 90: c. inf., ὃν σὺ προὔδωκας θανεῖν E. Or. 1588, cf. Alc. 659: — Pass., προδοθέντες ὑπὸ Σιτάλκεω ἥλωσαν Hdt. 7.137; ἀπόλωλα τλήμων, προδέδομαι S. Ph. 923 .
2. forsake, abandon, οἵ με φίλοι προὔδωκαν Thgn. 813; π. τὴν Ἑλλάδα Hdt. 9.7 . β, Ar. Pax 408; μηδαμῶς . . προδῷς με Id. Th. 229; τὴν μητέρα π. Antipho 1.5; τὴν πολιτείαν Pl. Lg. 762c; σαυτόν Id. Cri. 45c: — Pass., προδεδόμεθα ὑπὸ τῶν συμμάχων Hdt. 9.60, cf. Vett.Val. 78.19 .
3. abs., play false, desert, Hdt. 5.113, 6.15, etc.; οὔτοι προδώσει χρησμός will not prove traitor, A. Ch. 269; χάρις . . προδοῦσ' ἁλίσκεται S. Aj. 1267; ἢν προδιδῶσι πρὸς τοὺς κατιόντας treat treasonably with them, Hdt. 3.45: c. acc. cogn., προδοσίαν π. to be guilty of treachery, Din. 1.10 .
4. with a thing as subject, betray, fail one, [ αἱ κάτω πλίνθοι] π. τὰς ἄνω X. HG 5.2.5; ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς π. τινά D. 52.13: intr., fail, of wine, Xenoph. 1.5; of a river, run dry, Hdt. 7.187; of a barricade that has proved useless, Id. 8.52 .
5. with a thing as object, surrender, give up, προδέδοται τὰ κρυπτά E. IA 1140; χάριν π. to be thankless, Id. Heracl. 1036; τὰ πράγματα Ar. Eq. 241; τὸ δοκοῦν ἀληθὲς οὐχ ὅσιον προδιδόναι Pl. R. 607c; τὸ δίκαιον Id. Lg. 907a; ἑτέροισι τὴν νίκην ib. 906e; καιρὸν τοῖς ἐναντίοις D. 19.6; to be false to, fail to uphold, ὅρκους X. Cyr. 5.1.22; τὴν καταχειροτονίαν D. 21.120; give up as lost, bid adieu to, ἡδονάς S. Ant. 1166; τὰς ἐλπίδας Ar. Nu. 1500; τὴν ἐκείνου προαίρεσιν D. 60.28; τὸν ἀγῶνα Aeschin. 1.115 .
προδίδωμι: 1 aorist 3 person singular προέδωκεν;
1. to give before, give first: Romans 11:35 (Xenophon, Polybius, Aristotle).
2. to betray: Aeschylus, Herodotus, Euripides, Plato, others; τήν πατρίδα, 4 Macc. 4:1.
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προ -δίδωμι ,
[in LXX: Ezekiel 16:34 A (H5414), 4 Maccabees 4:1, al.;]
1. to give before, give first: Romans 11:35 (Job 41:2 (11) LXX, al.).
2. to betray (4Mac, l.c.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
πρόσφατος, derived from πρός and the root of φόνος, ἔπεφνον etc., means originally ";fresh-killed"; (see Boisacq p. 816 for alternative derivations), but the second element in the compound died out quite early, and the word came to be used generally, ";new,"; ";fresh,"; ";recent,"; as e.g. in the medical receipt P Oxy VIII. 1088.25 (early i/A.D.) ἑλλεβόρου λευκοῦ προσφατώτερον τρίψας, ";pound fresh some white hellebore"; (Ed.). In Michel 1501.24 (B.C. 103–2) τὰς [ἐ ]λ [άας τὰς προσ ]φάτους, the adj. is used of ";fresh,"; not salted, ";olives"; : cf. Menander Fragm. p. 132 ἐν προσφάτοις ἰχθυδίοις τεθραμμένα, ";brought up on fresh fish.";
Phrynichus (p. 374, ed. Lob.) discusses whether in view of the word’s etymology it is right to say πρόσφατον πρᾶγμα or only πρόσφατος νεκρός and the like, and finds an answer in a line of Sophocles Andromeda—
μηδὲν φοβεῖσθε προσφάτους ἐπιστολάς.
See also Rutherford NP p. 471 f. and Pearson on Soph. fr. 128.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
