Bible Lexicons

ὁρμάω,

fut. -ήσω Pl. Lg. 875b: aor. ὥρμησα Il. 6.338, Pl. Ion 534c; Lacon. imper. ὅρμᾱον, i.e. ὅρμαὁν, = ὅρμησον, Ar. Lys. 1247: pf. ὥρμηκα Pl. Plt. 265a: — Med. and Pass., Pi. N. 1.5, A. Pr. 339, Hdt. 1.17, etc.: impf. ὡρμᾶτο Il. 3.142: fut. ὁρμήσομαι Hdt. 5.34, X. Cyr. 7.1.9, ὁρμηθήσομαι Gal. 5.85: aor. ὡρμησάμην Il. 21.595, v.l. in Hes. Sc. 127 (ἐφ-), never in Prose, exc. ἐξ- X. HG 6.5.20 codd.: more freq. in pass. form ὡρμήθην Il. 5.12, al., Th. 3.98, etc.: pf. ὥρμημαι S. El. 70, E. El. 340, Th. 6.33, etc.: Ion. 3 pl. pf. and plpf. ὁρμέαται and -έατο (with vv. ll. ὡρμ-) Hdt. 5.121, 8.35; in Hom. codd. usu. have the augm., but Aristarch. read ὁρμήθησαν in Il. 10.359: (ὁρμή):

Act.,

I

1. causal, set in motion, urge on, cheer on, τινὰ εἰς πόλεμον Il. 6.338, Th. 1.127; τινὰ ποτὶ κλέος Pi. O. 10(11).21; τὸ στράτευμα ὁ. ἐπὶ τὰς Ἀθήνας Hdt. 8.106, cf. S. Aj. 174 (lyr.), E. Or. 352 (anap.); ἡ φύσις ὁρμήσει τινὰ ἐπὶ πλεονεξίαν Pl. Lg. 875b, cf. Ion 534c; [τὰ] ὁρμῶντα [σώματα] Hp. Epid. 6.8.7; μέριμναν ὁρμήσασ' ἐπ' ἔργον E. Ph. 1064 (lyr.); ὁ. τινὰ ἐκ χερός tear from one's arms, Id. Hec. 143 (anap.): — Pass., ὁρμηθεὶς θεοῦ ἄρχετο inspired by the god he began, Od. 8.499; πρὸς θεῶν ὡρμημένος S. El. 70; ὑπὸ ἔρωτος Pl. Smp. 181d; ἵπποι.. ὁρμηθέντες ὑπὸ πληγῇσιν ἱμάσθλης urged on by.., Od. 13.82.

2. with a thing as the object, stir up, πόλεμον 18.376: c. acc. et inf., τὰς διόδους τῶν πτερῶν.. ὥρμησε πτεροφυεῖν Pl. Phdr. 255d: — Pass., ὡρμάθη πλαγά was sped, S. El. 196 (lyr.).

II more freq. intr., start,

1 c. inf., ἴρηξ ὃς ὁρμήσῃ διώκειν ὄρνεον ἄλλο starts in chase of.., Il. 13.64; ὁσσάκι δ' ὁρμήσειε πυλάων.. ἀντίον ἀΐξασθαι whenever he started to rush for the gates, 22.194; ὁσσάκι δ' ὁρμήσειε.. στῆναι ἐναντίβιον 21.265; ἐξελαύνειν ὁρμῆσαι τὸν στρατόν began to lead out.., Hdt. 1.76, cf. 7.150; νίκην ὁρμῶντ' ἀλαλάξαι eager to.., S. Ant. 133 (lyr.); ὥρμα ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι τοῦ λόγου Pl. R. 336b.

2. c. gen., rush headlong at one, Τρώων Il. 4.335: more freq. with Preps., ὁ. ἐπί τινα Hes. Sc. 403, Hdt. 1.1, etc.; πύργωμα Καδμείων ἔπι E. Supp. 1220; εἴς τινας X. Cyr. 7.1.17; καθ' αὑτούς Id. An. 5.7.25; also ὁ. ἐς μάχην hasten to battle, A. Pers. 394; εἰς ἀγῶνα E. Ph. 259 (lyr.); εἰς τὸ διώκειν X. An. 1.8.25; ἐπὶ ἁρπαγάς Pl. R. 391d; ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἀθηναίους Th. 7.34; ὥρμασε (Dor.) ἐπὶ τὰ βασίλεια τῶν Σκυθᾶν SIG 709.19 (Chersonesus, ii B. C.): without any sense of hostility, rush, τᾶσδ' ἀπὸ πέτρας πηδήσασα πυρὸς ἔσω E. Supp. 1015 (lyr.); ἐς πατρὸς δόμους Id. Med. 1178; set out, ἀπὸ [τῆς Οἰνόης] Th. 2.19; ἐς φυγήν Hdt. 7.179, etc.; εἰς τὸ ἐπ' ἐκεῖνα τῆς γῆς Pl. Phd. 112b; ἐπ' ἄλλον λόγον Antipho 3.4.5; ἐπὶ τὸ σκοπεῖν X. Mem. 3.7.9; ἐπὶ τραγῳδίαν ὥρμηκε has turned to tragedy, Alex. 135.14; δηλώσεις.. τὴν φύσιν ἐπὶ τί μάλισθ' ὥρμηκε, i. e. what your natural bent is, ib. 8; φυσικῶς ἐπὶ τὴν ὀργὴν ὁρμᾶν Phld. Ir. 93 W.; πρὸς τὰς πράξεις Id. Mus. p.71 K.; ἐπὶ φιλοσοφίαν Id. Acad.Ind. p.64 M.; πρὸς τὰς ὀχείας Arist. HA 546a15: c. acc. cogn., ὁδόν X. An. 3.1.8; στρατείαν Id. Cyr. 8.6.20.

3. abs., start, begin, ὥσπερ ὡρμήσαμεν, ἴωμεν Pl. Prt. 314b, cf. R. 425c; αἱ μάλιστα ὁρμήσασαι [νῆες] the ships that were hottest in pursuit, Th. 8.34. Med. and Pass., like the intr. Act., A.

III

1. c. inf., μὴ φεύγειν ὁρμήσωνται that they put not themselves in motion, set not themselves to flee, Il. 8.511; so διώκειν ὁρμήθησαν 10.359, cf. Od. 4.282; ὡρμήθη κόρυθα κρατὸς ἀφαρπάξαι he rushed to snatch.., Il. 13.188, cf. 182; ἦτορ ὡρμᾶτο πτολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι was eager to.., 21.572; μᾶλλον ὅρμητο στρατεύεσθαι was eager to march, Hdt. 7.1, cf. 19, al., Th. 3.45; ὅδε ὁ λόγος ὅρμηται λέγεσθαι this account has begun to be given, Hdt. 4.16, cf. 6.86. δ' (λέγεσθαι is restored for λέγεται in 3.56); but λόγον, τὸν ὅρμητο λέγειν which he purposed to make, Id. 5.50.

2. the object for or after which one goes is sts. in gen., Il. 14.488, 21.595: a case with a Pr, ὡρμήθησαν ἐπ' ἀνδράσιν Od. 10.214; ἐπί τινα S. Aj. 47, etc.; εἴς τινα X. Cyr. 7.1.9; μετά τινα after one, Il. 17.605; so ὁ. ἐπὶ τὸ ἱρόν Hdt. 8.35; ἐς πύλας A. Th. 31; πρὸς δόμους E. Hipp. 1152; ἐπ' ἀλήθειαν Pl. Sph. 228c; ἐς φυγήν Th. 4.14; πρὸς τίσιν S. OC 1328; πρὸς τὸ κρατεῖν Pl. R. 581a; [ἡ ποίησις] πρὸς ἡδονὴν ὥρμηται Id. Grg. 502c; οἱ περὶ λόγον ἢ παιδείαν ὁρμώμενοι persons keen about.., Vett.Val. 199.5: rarely c. acc. loci, νερτέρας πλάκας S. OC 1576 (lyr.). the starting-point is expressed by ἐκ, ὡρμᾶτ' ἐκ θαλάμοιο Il. 3.142, cf. 9.178, etc.; or ἀπό, S. Tr. 156, Pl. Phd. 101d, etc.; ἀπὸ φιλοσοφίας Phld. Rh. 1.357 S.; or by a form in -θεν, σέθεν.. ὕμνος ὁρμᾶται θέμεν αἶνον Pi. N. 1.5: in historical Prose, ὁρμᾶσθαι ἐκ.. start from, begin from, esp. of the place where one carries on any regular operations, ἐνθεῦτεν ὁρμώμενοι living there and going out from thence to do their daily work, Hdt. 1.17; of fishers, ἐκ πλοίων ὁρμώμενοι Id. 3.98; of a general, making that place his head-quarters or base of operations, Id. 8.133, cf. 5.125, al., Th. 1.64, 2.69, al.; ἀπ' ἐλασσόνων ὁρμώμενος setting out, beginning with smaller means, ib. 65, cf. 1.144; of rivers, ἐκ τῆς Ἴδης ὁ. rising.., Pl. Lg. 682b.

3. abs., rush, dart, attack, Il. 5.12, Od. 12.126, al., S. OC 1068 (lyr.); also with ἔγχεϊ, ξιφέεσσι, etc., added, Il. 5.855, 17.530, 13.496, al. generally, hasten, be eager, ὁρμώμενον δὲ μηδαμῶς μ' ἀντισπάσῃς A. Pr. 339, cf. 395; ἀλλ' ἥδε.. ὁρμᾶται comes forth, Id. Pers. 151 (anap.); τὸ φέγγος ὁρμάσθω πυρός Id. Eu. 1029; ὕβρις ἀτάρβητα ὁρμᾶται insolence goes fearless forth, S. Aj. 197 (lyr.).