the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2374 - θύρα
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- a door
- the vestibule
- used of any opening like a door, an entrance, way or passage into
- in a parable or metaphor
- the door through which sheep go in and out, the name of him who brings salvation to those who follow his guidance
- "an open door" is used of the opportunity of doing something
- the door of the kingdom of heaven (likened to a palace) denotes the conditions which must be complied with in order to be received into the kingdom of God
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- Word
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this Strong's Number
θύρα [ῠ],
Ion. θύρη, ἡ, Ion. gen. pl. θυρέων Archil. 127, Hdt. 1.9: —
I
1. door, Il. 24.317, etc.: freq. in pl. of double or folding doors, θ. δικλίδες Od. 17.267; θ. φαειναί 6.19, al.; θυρῶν ζεῦγος καινῶν IG 12.313.123, cf. 4.1488.25(Epid.); ἡ δεξιὰ θ. the right valve, ib.22.1457.16; θ. μονόθυρος ib.1627.418; θύραι λίθιναι (including the framework) ib. 12.372.195; θύραι αὔλειαι, v. αὔλειος; ἡ θ. ἡ εἰς τὸν κῆπον φέρονσα D. 47.53, cf. κηπαῖος 11; rarely for πύλαι, gates, Plu. Cat.Mi. 65; of the carceres in the Roman circus, barriers, Tab.Defix.Aud. 187.59. — Phrases: προσθεῖναι τὰς θ., προστιθέναι τὴν θ., Hdt. 3.78, Lys. 1.13; ἐπισπάσαι X. HG 6.4.36; κλείειν Aristopho 7, Pl. Prt. 314d; ἐφέλκεσθαι Luc. Am. 16; τὴν θ. βαλανοῦν, μοχλοῦν, bar the door, Ar. Fr. 251, 369; θύραν κόπτειν, πατάσσειν, κρούειν, knock, rap at the door, Id. Nu. 132, Ra. 38, Pl. Prt. 310b; ἀράττειν, ἐπαράξαι, Ar. Ec. 977, Pl. Prt. 314d; τὴν θ. ἀνοιγνύναι open it, v. ἀνοίγνυμι; ὦσαι push it open, Lys. 1.24; μικρὸν ἐνδοῦναι open it a little, Plu. 2.597d; δόμου ἐν πρώτῃσι θύρῃσι στῆναι Od. 1.255; ἷζε δ' ἐπὶ.. οὐδοῦ ἔντοσθε θυράων 17.339; θυρῶν ἔνδον S. El. 78; πρὸ θυρῶν ib. 109 (anap.); ἐπί or παρὰ Πριάμοιο θύρῃσι at Priam's door, i.e. before his dwelling, Il. 2.788, 7.346: metaph., ἐπὶ ταῖς θύραις τῆς Ἑλλάδος εἶναι X. An. 6.5.23, cf. D. 10.34; τῆς πατρίδος Plu. Sull. 29, Arat. 37; ἐπὶ θύραις τῆς Πίσης Philostr. VA 8.15; πυρετοῦ περὶ θύρας ὄντος being at the door, Plu. 2.128f (but χειμῶνος ἐπὶ θύραις ὄντος Phlp. in Mete. 130.25).
2. esp. of kings and potentates, οἱ τῶν ἀρίστων Περσῶν παῖδες ἐπὶ ταῖς βα[]σιλέως θύραις παιδεύονται are educated at court, X. An. 1.9.3; γυνὴ φοιτῶσα ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας τοῦ βασιλέος, of a petitioner, Hdt. 3.119, cf. X. An. 2.1.8; αἱ ἐπὶ τὰς θ. φοιτήσεις dangling after the court, Id. HG 1.6.7; ἐπὶ ταῖς τῶν πλουσίων θ. διατρίβειν Arist. Rh. 1391a12; περὶ θύρας διατρίβειν Id. Pol. 1313b7, Theopomp.Hist. 121; applied also to lovers, clients, disciples, etc., ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν (or τὰς θύρας) τινὸς βαδίζειν, ἰέναι, etc., Ar. Pl. 1007, Pl. R. 364b, cf. Phdr. 233e, etc.; ἐπὶ ταῖσι θύραις ἀεὶ καθῆσθαι Ar. Nu. 467: metaph., Μουσῶν ἐπὶ ποιητικὰς θ. ἀφικέσθαι Pl. Phdr. 245a.
3. prov., γλώσσῃ θύραι οὐκ ἐπίκεινται Thgn. 421; οὐδέποτ' ἴσχει θ., of admirers of the Demos, Eup. 265; ἐπὶ θύραις τὴν ὑδρίαν to break the pitcher at the very door, 'there's many a slip 'twixt cup and lip', Arist. Rh. 1363a7; τίς ἂν θύρας ἁμάρτοι; Id. Metaph. 993b5; λόγος δικαστηρίου ἢ ἀγορᾶς οὐδὲ θύρας ἰδών D.H. Dem. 23; τὸ κατὰ θύραν τερπνόν vulgar pleasures, Eun. VS p.496 B.; παρὰ θύραν πλανᾶσθαι S.E. M. 1.43; ἐκ θυρῶν εὐθέως τῆς.. ἀκροάσεως at the very beginning, Olymp. in Mete. 2.1.
4. shutter of a window, τὰς θ. τὰς ἐπὶ τῶν θυρίδων IG 12(5).872.37 (Tenos), cf. 22.1668.60.
5. pl., door of a chariot, X. Cyr. 6.4.9.
6. pl., axle-trees, Poll. 1.146 (v.l. εὑραί).
7. θύρη καταπακτή trap- door, Hdt. 5.16.
8. frame of planks, raft, Id. 2.96; φραξάμενοι τὴν ἀκρόπολιν θύρῃσί τε καὶ ξύλοισι with hurdles and logs, Id. 8.51, cf. Th. 6.101.
9. in war, fenced works to obstruct landingparties, in pl., Ph. Bel. 94.37, 100.7.
II
1. generally, entrance, as to a grotto, in pl., Od. 9.243, al.
2. sluice-gate, PPetr. 3p.134: pl., ib.2p.41 (iii B.C.).
III metaph., senses, as the entrances to the soul, τὸ σῶμα πολλαῖς θυρίσι καὶ θύραις ἀνοίγοντες Seren. ap. Stob. 3.6.17; ἐγγὺς τοῦ στόματος ἡ καρδία, ἡ δὲ ψυχὴ τῶν θ. Aristaenet. 2.7. (I.- E. dhur-, cf. Lat. foras, fores, O E. duru 'door', etc.)
θύρα, θύρας, ἡ (from θύω to rush in, properly, that through which a rush is made; hence, German Thür (English door; Curtius, § 319)) (from Homer down), the Sept. for דֶּלֶת and פֶּתַח, sometimes also for שַׁעַר; a (house) door; (in plural equivalent to Latinfores, folding doors; cf. Winers Grammar, 176 (166); Buttmann, 24 (21); cf. πύλη);
a. properly: κλείειν, etc. τήν θύραν, Matthew 6:6; Luke 13:25; passive, Matthew 25:10; Luke 11:7; John 20:19, 26; Acts 21:30; ἀνοίγειν, Acts 5:19; passive Acts 16:26f; κρούειν, Acts 12:13; διά τῆς θυρης, John 10:1f; πρός τήν θύραν, Mark 1:33; Mark 11:4 (Tr WH omit τήν; cf. Winer's Grammar, 123 (116)); Acts 3:2; τά πρός τήν θύραν the vestibule (so Buttmann, § 125, 9; others the space or parts at (near) the door), Mark 2:2; πρός τῇ θύρα John 18:16; ἐπί τῇ θύρα, Acts 5:9; πρό τῆς θύρας, Acts 12:6; ἐπί τῶν θυρῶν, Acts 5:23 (R G πρό).
b. θύρα is used of any opening like a door, an entrance, way or passage into: ἡ θύρα τοῦ μνημείου, of the tomb, Matthew 27:60; Matthew 28:2 R G; Mark 15:46; Mark 16:3, (Homer, Odyssey 9, 243; 12, 256; others).
c. in parable and metaphorically, we find α. ἡ θύρα τῶν προβάτων, the door through which the sheep go out and in, the name of him who brings salvation to those who follow his guidance, John 10:7, 9; cf. Christ. From Fritzsche in Fritzschiorum opuscc., p. 20ff; (in Ignatius ad Philad. 9 [ET] Christ is called ἡ θύρα τοῦ πατρός, δἰ ἧς ἐισερχονται Ἀβραάμ ... καί οἱ προφῆται; cf. Harnack on Clement of Rome, 1 Cor. 48, 3f [ET]). β. 'an open door' is used of the opportunity of doing something: τῆς πίστεως, of getting faith, Acts 14:27; open to a teacher, i. e. the opportunity of teaching others, 2 Corinthians 2:12; Colossians 4:3; by a bold combination of metaphor and literal language, the phrase θύρα μεγάλη καί ἐνεργής (A. V. a great door and effectual) is used of a large opportunity of teaching a great multitude the way of salvation, and one encouraging the hope of the most successful results: 1 Corinthians 16:9. γ. the door of the kingdom of heaven (likened to a palace) denotes the conditions which must be complied with in order to be received into the kingdom of God: Luke 13:24 (for Rec. πύλης); power of entering, access into, God's eternal kingdom, Revelation 3:8 cf. Revelation 3:7 (but others besides; add here Revelation 4:1). δ. he whose advent is just at hand is said ἐπί θύραις εἶναι, Matthew 24:33; Mark 13:29, and πρό θυρῶν ἑστηκεναι, James 5:9. ε. ἑστηκώς ἐπί τήν θύραν καί κρούων is said of Christ seeking entrance into souls, and they who comply with his entreaty are said ἀνοίγειν τήν θύραν, Revelation 3:20.
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θύρα , -ας , ἡ ,
[in LXX chiefly for H6607, also for H1800, H1817, etc.;]
a door: κλείειν (ἀποκ -) τὴν θ ., Matthew 6:6, Luke 13:25; pass., Matthew 25:10, Luke 11:7, John 20:19; John 20:26, Acts 21:30; ἀνοίγειν , Acts 5:19; pass., Acts 16:26-27; κρούειν , Acts 12:13; διὰ τῆς θ ., John 10:1-2; πρὸς τὴν θ ., Mark 1:33; Mark 11:4 (WH om. τήν ), Acts 3:2; τὰ πρὸς τὴν θ ., the space by the door, Mark 2:2; πρὸς τῇ θ ., John 18:16; ἐπὶ τῇ θ , Acts 5:9; πρὸ τῆς θ ., Acts 12:6; ἐπὶ τῶν θ ., Acts 5:23; ἡ θ . τ . μνημείου , Matthew 27:60, Mark 15:46; Mark 16:3. Metaph., of Christ, ἡ θ . τ . προβάτων , John 10:7; John 10:9; of the Kingdom of Heaven, Luke 13:24; of opportunities, θ . πίστεως , Acts 14:27; θ . μεγάλη , 1 Corinthians 16:9; θ . τ . λόγου , Colossians 4:3; θ . ἀνεῳγμένη (ἠνεῳγ -), 2 Corinthians 2:12, Revelation 3:8; Revelation 4:1; of Christ, ἑστηκὼς ἐπὶ τὴν θ . καὶ κρούων , Revelation 3:20; of his second coming, ἐπὶ θύραις εἶναι , Matthew 24:33, Mark 13:29; πρὸ θυρῶν ἑστηκέναι , James 5:9.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For this common noun see P Petr II. 10(2).11 ( c. mid. iii/B.C.) γενομένου μου πρὸς τῆι θύραι τοῦ στρατηγίου, ";when I had reached the door of the strategus’ office"; (Ed.), P Ryl II. 127.9 (A.D. 29) κοιμωμένου μου ἐπὶ τῆς θύρας οὗ καταγείνομαι οἴκου, ";as I was sleeping at the door of the house which I inhabit"; (Edd.), BGU II. 597.26 (A.D. 75) μὴ ἀφέτωσα ̣ν τὴν θύραν, ἡνίκα κλιστὴ (l. κλειστὴ) ἦν. In P Petr II. 13(16).18 (B.C. 258–3) ἀρθήτωσαν αἱ θύραι, the reference is to the raising of the sluice-gates of the canals : cf. ib. III. 44(3).3 ἀνοιχθήτω οὖν ἡ θύρα. In leases the restoration of existing doors and keys is frequently laid down as a condition, perhaps because doors were often detachable and might readily come to harm, e.g. P Oxy III. 502.33 (A.D. 164) where the tenant is to deliver up certain buildings—καθαρὰ ἀπὸ κοπρίων καὶ ἃς παρείληφεν θύρας καὶ κλεῖς πάντων τῶν τόπων, ";free from filth and with the doors and keys received by her of all the premises"; (Edd.) : so ib. IV. 729.23 (A.D. 137), VIII. 1127.24 (A.D. 183), 1128.26 (A.D. 173) and P Strass I. 4.21 (A.D. 550) with the editor’s note. Other exx. of the word are P Tebt I. 45.22 (B.C. 113) τὴν παρόδιον θύραν, ";the street door,"; P Oxy X. 1272.12 (A.D. 144) τὴν τοῦ πεσσοῦ θύραν, ";the door of the terrace,"; and ib. VI. 903.20 (iv/A.D.) τὰς ἔξω θύρας, ";the outside doors."; On the θύρα of Acts 3:2; Acts 3:10, see ZNTW vii. p. 51 ff. For the ethnic use of θύρα on tombs see Ramsay in C. and B. ii. P. 395 where reference is made to an inscr. on an altar found near the hot springs of Myrikion in Galatia, where a man erected to his wife τὸν βωμὸν καὶ τὴν θύραν, the word θύρα being added because ";according to Phrygian ideas there were two necessary elements in the sepulchral monument; and when there was no real door, the word at least was engraved on the altar to represent the actual entrance. The door was the passage of communication between the world of life and the world of death : on the altar the living placed the offerings due to the dead"; : cf. JHS v. (1884), p. 254. For the diminutive θύριον, see P Lond 1177.248 (A.D. 113) (= III. p. 187) θύριον and P Tebt II. 414.36 (ii/A.D.) τὸν ξύλινον δίφρον καὶ τὸ θύριν ( l. –ιον), ";the wooden stool and the little door."; The verb θυρόω (cf. 1 Maccabees 4:57) is common, e.g. P Amh II. 51.14 (B.C. 88) οἰκίαν. . . τεθυρωμένην : for θύρωμα (as is in 2 Maccabees 14:13 al.) see BGU IV. 1028.20 (ii/A.D.).
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