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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1763 - ἐνιαυτός
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- a year, in a wider sense, for some fixed definite period of time
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ἐνῐ-αυτός, ὁ,
(ἐνί, αὐτός) prop.
I
1. anniversary, μηδὲ τᾷ ὑστεραίᾳ μηδ' ἐν ταῖς δεκάταις μηδ' ἐν τοῖς ἐνιαυτοῖς Michel 995 C 49 (pl., Delph.): hence πρὸ τῶ ἐ. before the lapse of a year, Leg.Gort. 9.29; ἐνιαυτῷ on the expiry of a year, ib.1.35; and so, any long period of time, cycle, period, ἔτος ἦλθε περιπλομένων ἐνιαυτῶν as times rolled on the year came, Od. 1.16; ἐπιπλομένων ἐ. Hes. Th. 493, Sc. 87; χρονίους ἐτῶν παλαιῶν ἐνιαυτούς Ar. Ra. 347; πόλιν ἐνιαυτόν τινα ἔδοσαν ἐνοικεῖν Th. 3.68; ὁ μέγας ἐ., of a Pythagorean cycle, Eudem. ap. Theo Sm. p.198H.; also of the Metonic Cycle of nineteen years, D.S. 12.36; of a period of 600 years, J. AJ 1.3.9: — ἀΐδιος ἐ. Apollod. 3.4.2.
2. = ἔτος, a year, εἴνατός ἐστι περιτροπέων ἐ. Il. 2.295; δεκάτους περιτελλομένους ἐ. 8.404; Διὸς ἐνιαυτοί 2.134; μῆνές τε καὶ ἐνιαυτῶν περίοδοι Pl. Ti. 47a; ἐ. ἡμερῶν LXX Leviticus 25:29; ἐνιαυτόν during a year, Od. 1.288; αἱ σπονδαὶ ἐνιαυτὸν ἔσονται Indut. ap. Th. 4.118; ἐπεί κε ὠνίαυτος ἐξέλθῃ IG 12(2).1.12 (Mytil., iv B. C.); τὸν πρῶτον ἐ. Lys. 32.8; ὁπηνίκα.. τοὐνιαυτοῦ at what time in the year, Ar. Fr. 569.7; δὶς τοῦ ἐ. twice a year, Pl. Criti. 118e; τοῦ ἐ. every year, X. Vect. 4.23; ἑκάστου ἐ. Id. Ath. 3.4; but ἕκαστον τὸν ἐ. IG 2.1055.4: with Preps., δι' ἐνιαυτοῦ Antipho Fr. 28; δι' ἐ. πέμπτου every five years, Pl. Criti. 119d; θητεύσαμεν εἰς ἐ. for a year, Il. 21.444; τελεσφόρον εἰς ἐ. 19.32; κατ' ἐνιαυτὸν ἄρξαι for a year, Th. 1.93; or, every year, Isoc. 3.17, Diph. 38.5; καθ' ἕκαστον ἐ. Id. 89; ἐπ' ἐ. for a year, Pl. Lg. 945b, etc.; μετὰ τὸν ἐ. at the end of the year, Th. 1.138; παρ' ἐνιαυτὸν ἄρχειν in alternate years, D.S. 4.65; πρὸ ἐνιαυτοῦ a year before, Plu. 2.147e; ἐς τὸν σᾶτες ἐ. for the current year, IG 14.256 (Phintias); ἐν τῷ καθ' ἕτος ἐ. in the current year, CIG 3641b5 (Lampsacus).
3. Ἐνιαυτός, personified, Ael. Fr. 19, Orph. Fr. 127.3 (s. v.l.), Procl. in Ti. 3.41 D.
II name for a Cornucopiae, Callix. 2, cf. Ath. 11.783c.
ἐνιαυτός, ἐνιαυτοῦ, ὁ, a year: John 11:49, 51; John 18:13; Acts 11:26; Acts 18:11; James 5:17; Revelation 9:15; plural, of the Jewish years of Jubilee, Galatians 4:10 (cf. Ellicott at the passage); ποιεῖν ἐνιαυτόν, to spend a year, James 4:13; ἅπαξ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ, Hebrews 9:7 (like ἑπτάκις τῆς ἡμέρας, Luke 17:4) (cf. Winers Grammar, § 30, 8 N. 1; Krüger, § 47, 10, 4); κατ' ἐνιαυτόν, yearly, Hebrews 9:25; Hebrews 10:1, 3 (Thucydides 1, 93; Xenophon, oec. 4, 6; an. 3, 2, 12); in a wider sense, for some fixed and definite period of time: Luke 4:19 (from Isaiah 61:2), on which passage see δεκτός. (From Homer down.) [SYNONYMS: ἐνιαυτός, ἔτος: originally ἐνιαυτός seems to have denoted (yet cf. Curtius, § 210) a year viewed as a cycle or period of time, ἔτος as a division or sectional portion of time.]
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ἐνιαυτός , -οῦ , ὁ ,
[in LXX for H8141;]
1. prop., a cycle of time.
2. = ἔτος , a year: John 11:49; John 11:51; John 18:13, Acts 11:26; Acts 18:11, James 5:17, Revelation 9:15; pl., of sabbatical years, Galatians 4:10; ποιεῖν ἐ ., to spend a year, James 4:13;ἅπαξ τοῦ ἐ ., Hebrews 9:7; κατ᾿ ἐ ., Hebrews 9:25; Hebrews 10:1; Hebrews 10:3; ἐ . δεκτόν , Luke 4:19 (LXX).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For ἐ. as a definite period of time, cf. P Hib I. 28.20 (c. B.C. 265) ὑπαρχουσῶν [δὲ εἰ ]ς ̣ [τὸν ] ἐν [ι ]αυτὸν [ἡ ]μ ̣ερω ̣̑[ν τρια ]κοσίων ἑξήκοντα, P Tor I. 1vii. 25 (B.C. 117–6) μὴ συνχωρητέον εἶναι πλείονα ἐνιαυτοῦ ἢ καὶ ἐτῶν δύο ἢ τριῶν, ";a longer period must not be granted than a year or two years or three years,"; P Oxy I. 37.10 (law-suit with reference to a nursing contract—A.D. 49) (= Selections, P. 49) τοῦ πρώτου ἐνιαυτοῦ ἀπέλαβεν τὰ τροφεῖα · ἐνέστηι ἡ προθεσμία τοῦ δευτέρου ἐνιαυτοῦ, ";for the first year she [the nurse] received her wages for nursing : there arrived the appointed day in the second year."; The word is frequently found with εἷς as in P Flor I. 2.212 (A.D. 265) ἐπ᾽ ἐνιαυτὸν ἕνα, and (with the aspirate) P Oxy VIII. 1116.11 (A.D. 363) ἐφ᾽ ἑνιαυτὸν ἕνα : cf. also ib. II. 275.9 (A.D. 66) (= Selections, P. 55) ἐπὶ χρόνον ἐνιαυτὸν ἕνα. For other prepositional phrases, cf. P Strass I. 22.32 (iii/A.D.) ᾑ [δ ]ι ̣᾽ ἐνιαυτοῦ νομὴ αὐτάρκης ἐστίν ̣, P Hib I. 27.220 (B.C. 301–240) ἐν τῶι ἐνιαυτῶι, ib. .48 κατ᾽ ἐνιαυτ [όν, P Ryl II. 110.8 (A.D. 259) καθ᾽ ἕκαστ [ο ]ν ἐνιαυτόν, P Thead 16.4 (after A.D. 307) κατὰ τὸν προπέρυσι ἐνιαυτὸν καὶ πέρυσι, ";depuis l’avant-dernière et la dernière année,"; P Flor I. 50.108 (A.D. 268) ἐνιαυτῷ παρ᾽ ἐνιαυτόν, ib. 64.24 (iv/A.D. ad init.?) ἐ ]ν ̣ι ̣αυτὸν παρ᾽ ἐνι ̣αυτόν. In Syll 438.162 (c. B.C. 400) μηδ᾽ ἐν ταῖς δεκάτ [α ]ις, μηδ᾽ ἐν τοῖς ἐνιαυτοῖ [ς, the reference is to ";anniversaries."; Syll 802.3 (iii/B.C.) shows the word along with ἔτος, the heading of a cure effected by Apollo and Asclepios—Κλ ]εὼ πένθ᾽ ἕτη ἐκύησε, being immediately followed by—Αὕτα πέντ᾽ ἐνιαυτοὺς ἤδη κυοῦσα κτλ. For the adj. ἐνιαύσιος see P Ryl II. 98.9 (A.D. 172) φόρου ἐνιαυσίου σύνπαντι, ";at a total yearly rent,"; and for ἐξενίαυτα = ";annually,"; see P Amh II. 86.11 (A.D. 78) ἃς (sc. δραχμὰς) καὶ ἀπ [οδ ]ώσω κατ᾽ ἔτος ἐξενίαυτα ἐν μηνὶ φαῶφι, ";I will pay every year the annual sum in the month of Phaophi"; (Edd.).
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