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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1645 - ἐλαφρός
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- light in weight, quick, agile
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ἐλαφρ-ός, ά, όν,
and in Pi. N. 5.20 ός, όν: (v. ἐλαχύς); —
I
1. light in weight, τόν οἱ ἐ. ἔθηκε (sc. λᾶαν) Il. 12.450; ξύλου ἐλαφρότερα Hdt. 3.23; πῦρ Parm. 8.57; opp. βαρύς, Pl. Ti. 63c, etc.; in Epitaphs, γαῖαν ἔχοις ἐλαφράν ' sit tibi terra levis', Epigr.Gr. 195 (Vaxos), cf. Sammelb. 315. Adv., τά (sc. δένδρεα) οἱ πλώοιεν ἐλαφρῶς Od. 5.240.
2. light to bear, easy, καί κεν ἐλαφρότερος πόλεμος Τρώεσσι γένοιτο Il. 22.287; συμφ ορὰν ἐλαφροτέραν καταστῆσαι Antipho 3.3.12; πόνος-ότερος ἑαυτοῦ συνηθείῃ γίνεται Democr. 241: later, Comp. ἐλαφρώτερον ἄλγος Max. 173; ἐλαφρόν [ἐστι ] 'tis light, easy, Pi. N. 7.77, A. Pr. 265, etc.; easy to understand, [ προβλήματα] ἐ. καὶ πιθανά Plu. 2.133e, cf. D.Chr. 18.11; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιήσασθαί τι to make light of a thing, Hdt. 3.154; οὐκ ἐν ἐ. ποιεῖσθαι Id. 1.118; οὐκ ἐν ἐ. no light matter, Theoc. 22.212. Adv. -ρῶς, φέρειν ζυγόν to bear it lightly, Pi. P. 2.93.
3. light of digestion, Plu. 2.137a.
4. shallow, διάπλους Peripl.M.Rubr. 55; δῖναι ib.40.
5. Act., ease-giving, B. Fr. 8, Theoc. 2.92.
II light in moving, nimble, γυῖα δ' ἔθηκεν ἐ. Il. 5.122; ἦ μάλ' ἐ. ἀνήρ 16.745; ἐλαφρότατος ποσσί 23.749; χεῖρες.. ἐπαΐσσονται ἐ. ib. 628; κίρκος.. ἐλαφρότατος πετεηνῶν 22.139, Od. 13.87; [ ἵπποι] ἐλαφρότατοι θείειν 3.370; ἐλαφραῖς πτερύγων ῥιπαῖς A. Pr. 125 (anap.); ἐ. ποδί ib. 281 (anap.); γονάτων ἐλαφρὸν ὁρμάν Pi. N. 5.20; ἐ. ποδῶν ἴχνι' ἀειράμεναι Call. Fr.anon. 391; ἐλαφρὰ ἡλικία the age of active youth, X. Mem. 3.5.27; ἐλαφροί, οἱ, light troops, Id. An. 4.2.27 (restricted to cavalry who fight at close quarters, Ascl. Tact. 1.3): metaph., πόλιας θῆκεν ἐλαφροτέρας made them easier in condition, Epigr.Gr. 905 (Gortyn). Adv. -ρῶς nimbly, Ar. Ach. 217; ὀρχεῖσθαι πυρρίχην X. An. 6.1.12.
III
1. metaph., light-minded, unsteady, fickle, πᾶν πλῆθός ἐστιν ἐ. Plb. 6.56.11; ἐ. λύσσα light-headed madness, E. Ba. 851. gentle, mild, σφᾶς αὐτοὺς -οτάτους τοῖς συνοῦσι παρέχοντας Isoc. 12.31, cf. Pl. 360c.
2. small, ποταμός Plb. 16.17.7; of small power or strength, πόλεις Id. 5.62.6.
3. relieved of a burden, ψυχὴ ἐ. καὶ δι' αὑτῆς Plot. 4.3.32. Ἐλαφρός· Ζεὺς ἐν Κρήτῃ, Hsch.
ἐλαφρός, ἐλαφρα, ἐλαφρόν, light in weight, quick, agile; a light φορτίον is used figuratively concerning the commandments of Jesus, easy to be kept, Matthew 11:30; neuter τό ἐλαφρόν, substantively, the lightness: τῆς θλίψεως (A. V. our light affliction), 2 Corinthians 4:17. (From Homer down.)
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ἐλαφρός occurs literally in P Giss I. 47.7 (time of Hadrian) ὁ ] μὲν γὰρ θῶραξ. . . τὸ μεῖζον ἐλα [φ ]ρότατος ὡς μὴ κάμνειν τὸν φοροῦντα αὐτὸν [ἠ ]γοράσθη κτλ., and Preisigke 315 (a sepulchral inscr.) ἐλαφρά σοι γῆ γένοιτο, ";sit tibi terra levis."; For the verb ἐλαφρίζω see Syll 330.28 (Roman age) ἵνα μὴ δῷ ἁ ἁμετέρα πόλις, ἀλλὰ ἐλαφρισθῇ, and for ἐλαφρύνω the Christian P Gen I. 14.22 (Byz.) ἐ ]λαφρυνθῆναι τῶν χρεῶν. See also Cagnat IV. 292.3 (Pergamon—B.C. 130) περὶ ἐλαφροτοκίας, ";as regards lowering of interest."; The adj. ἐλαφρός (—ύς) survives in MGr beside ἀλαφρός.
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