Bible Lexicons

ἐλαύνω,

Il. 12.62, etc.: Ion. impf. ἐλαύνεσκον (ἀπ-) Hdt. 7.119: fut. ἐλάσω [ᾰ ], part. ἐλάσοντας X. An. 7.7.55 codd., cf. D.H. 2.36, (ἐξ-) Hp. Loc.Hom. 46, Nat.Mul. 32 (ἐλάσσω (παρ-) is f.l. in Il. 23.427, and ξυνελάσσομεν is subj. in Od. 18.39); ἐλάω A.R. 3.411; Att. ἐλῶ, ᾷς, ᾷ, inf. ἐλᾶν, also Hdt. 1.207, etc., and so Hom. in the resolved form ἐλόω Il. 13.315, Od. 7.319: inf. ἐλάαν (though this is also inf. pres., v. infr.) Il. 17.496, Od. 5.290: aor. 1 ἤλᾰσα, ἔλᾰσα Il. 5.80, ἔλασσα 18.564, Ion. 3 sg. ἐλάσασκεν 2.199: pf. ἐλήλᾰκα (ἀπ-, ἐξ-) X. Cyr. 4.2.10, Ar. Nu. 828: plpf. ἐληλάκειν (ἐξ-) Hdt. 5.90: — Med. (v. infr. 1.2), fut. ἐλάσομαι (παρ-) dub. l. in Arr. An. 3.30.3: aor. ἠλασάμην Il. 11.682, rare in Att., as Pl. Grg. 484b; 3 sg. ἤλσατο Ibyc. 55; ἐλάσαιο, -ασαίατο, -ασσάμενος, Od. 20.51, Il. 10.537, Od. 4.637: — Pass., fut. ἐλασθήσομαι (ἐξ-) D.H. 4.9: aor. ἠλάθην [ᾰ ] E. Heracl. 430, Ar. Ecclesiastes 4:1-16; later ἠλάσθην AP 7.278 (Arch.), Sammelb. 997 (iv A.D.), (ἐξ-, συν-) Plb. 8.24.9, 18.22.6, etc. (in Hdt. the Mss. vary between the two forms, ἐξελαθείς 7.165, ἀπηλάσθησαν 3.54): pf. ἐλήλαμαι Od. 7.113, Hdt. 7.84 (ἐξ-), etc.; ἐλήλασμαι Hp. Mul. 2.133, Aen.Tact. 31.4 (prob.), (ἐξ-) Plb. 6.22.4, (συν-) A.D. Conj. 233.30: plpf. ἠλήλατο Il. 5.400; poet. also ἐλήλατο 4.135; 3 pl. ἠλήλαντο Hes. Sc. 143, also ἐληλέδατ', ἐληλέατ', ἐληλάδατ' vv.ll. in Od. 7.86. — The pres. ἐλάω is rare and mainly Poet., imper. ἔλα Pi. I. 5(4).38, A. Fr. 332, E. HF 819, Fr. 779.1 (also non-thematic 3 pl. ἐλάντω SIG 1025.8 (Cos)): inf. ἐλᾶν Canthar. 4, X. HG 2.4.32: inf. ἐλάαν as inf. pres. is freq. in Hom. (v. infr. 1.2): part. ἐλάουσα Emp. 4.5: impf. 3 pl. ἔλων Od. 4.2, 3 sg. ἔλαεν A.R. 3.872; ἀπ-έλα X. Cyr. 8.3.32; but ἀπ-ήλαον in Ar. Lys. 1001 is prob. an error for -ήλα'αν, Dor. for -ήλασαν: —

I

1. radic. sense, drive, set in motion, of driving flocks, εἰς εὐρὺ σπέος ἤλασε μῆλα Od. 9.237; κακοὺς δ' ἐς μέσσον ἔλασσεν Il. 4.299; aor. Med. ἠλασάμην in act. sense, 10.537, 11.682: freq. of horses, chariots, ships, drive, ἐλάαν (inf. pres.) ἅρμα καὶ ἵππους 23.334; ἐς τὴν ἀγορὴν τὸ ζεῦγος Hdt. 1.59; ἐ. ἵππον ride it, Id. 4.64, al.; κέλητας καὶ ἅρματα ἐ. ride and drive, Id. 7.86; ἐ. νῆα row it, Od. 12.109, etc.; στρατὸν ἐ. Pi. O. 10(11).66, Hdt. 1.176, 4.91, etc. with acc. omitted, intr., go in a chariot, drive, μάστιξεν δ' ἐλάαν (sc. ἵππους) he whipped them on, Il. 5.366, al., cf. S. El. 734, 739; βῆ δ' ἐλάαν ἐπὶ κύματα he drove on over the waves, Il. 13.27; διὰ νύκτα ἐλάαν travel the night through, Od. 15.50; ἐς τὸ ἄστυ ἐ. drive into the city, Hdt. 1.60; ἐπὶ ζευγέων ἐ. ib. 199; ride, Id. 7.88, X. Eq.Mag. 3.9, etc.; ἐλῶν ἐς Θρηΐκην marching.., Hdt. 9.89, etc.; row, μάλα σφοδρῶς ἐλάαν Od. 12.124; ἐλαύνοντες rowers, 13.22, etc. in this intr. sense, it sts. took an acc. loci, γαλήνην ἐλαύνειν to sail the calm sea, i.e. over it, 7.319; so τὰ ἕσπερα νῶτ' ἐ. E. El. 731 (lyr.); also ἐλαύνειν δρόμον run a course, Ar. Numbers 28:1-31; ὁδόν D.P. 586. Pass., [ νηῦς] ἐλαυνομένη a ship under way, Od. 13.155 (but πλοῖα ὑπὸ σκληρῶν ἀνέμων ἐλαυνόμενα Ephesians 3:4); τὰ κατάντη ἐλαύνεσθαι, of horses, to be ridden on steep ground, X. Eq.Mag. 8.3.

2. drive away, carry off, in Hom. of stolen cattle or horses, βοῶν ἀρίστας Od. 12.353; ἵππους Il. 5.236; ἐ. ὅ τι δύναιντο X. HG 4.8.18: — Med., Od. 4.637, 20.51; ῥύσι' ἐλαυνόμενος Il. 11.674, etc.

3. drive away, expel, ἐ. [τινὰ] ἐκ δήμου 6.158; ἄνδρας ἀπ' Οἰνώνας Pi. N. 5.16: freq. in Trag., ἐ. τινὰ γῆς E. Med. 70; μύσος, μίασμα ἐ., A. Ch. 967 codd., Eu. 283 (Pass.), cf. S. OT 98; ἄγος ἐ.,= ἀγηλατέω, Th. 1.126; ἐ. λῃστάς Ar. Ach. 1188, etc.: — Pass., γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνομαι A. Pr. 682.

4. drive (to extremities), persecute, plague, οἵ μιν ἄδην ἐλόωσι.. πολέμοιο who will harass him till he has had enough of war, Il. 13.315; ἔτι μέν μίν φημι ἄδην λάαν κακότητος I think I shall persecute him till he has had enough, Od. 5.290; θεὸς ἐλαύνει πόλιν S. OT 28; Ἰωνίαν ἤλασεν βίᾳ A. Pers. 771; μή τι δαιμόνιον τὰ πράγματα ἐλαύνῃ D. 9.54; σὺ δ' ἀπειλεῖς πᾶσιν, ἐλαύνεις πάντας Id. 21.135, cf. 173: — Pass., ἐλαυνομένων καὶ ὑβριζομένων Id. 18.48; λύπῃ πᾶς ἐλήλαται κακῇ S. Aj. 275; κακοῖς πρός τινος E. Andr. 31; ὑπ' ἀνάγκης καὶ οἴστρου Pl. Phdr. 240d; τὴν ψυχὴν ἐρωτικῇ μανίᾳ Ael. NA 14.18; ἐλαύνεσθαι τὴν γνώμην to be out of one's mind, Philostr. VS 2.27.5.

5. = βινέω, Ar. Ec. 39, Pl. Com.3.4.

6. intr. in expressions like ἐς τοσοῦτον ἤλασαν they drove it so far (where πρᾶγμα must be supplied), Hdt. 5.50; ἐς πᾶσαν κακότητα Id. 2.124; εἰς κόρον ἐλαύνειν push matters till disgust ensued, Tyrt. 11.10; εἰς ἴσον (sc. τισί) Onos. Praef. 4: hence, push on, go on, ἐγγὺς μανιῶν E. Heracl. 904 (lyr.); ἔξω τοῦ φρονεῖν Id. *ba. 853; πόρρω ἐ. σοφίας go far in.., Pl. Euthphr. 4b, cf. Grg. 486a, X. Cyr. 1.6.39.

II

1. strike, ἐλάτῃσιν πόντον ἐλαύνοντες Il. 7.6; κιθάραν πλήκτρῳ E. HF 351 (lyr.).

2. strike with a weapon, but never with a missile, τὸν σκήπτρῳ ἐλάσασκεν Il. 2.199; ξίφει ἤλασε κόρσην 5.584; κόρυθος φάλον ἤλασεν 13.614; ὀδόντας ἐ. knock out, A.R. 2.785: c. dupl. acc., τὸν μὲν.. μεταδρομάδην ἔλασ' ὦμον him he struck on.., Il. 5.80; χθόνα δ' ἤλασε παντὶ μετώπῳ struck earth with his forehead, of a falling man, Od. 22.94: c. acc. cogn., inflict a wound, οὐλὴν τήν ποτέ με σῦς ἤλασε 21.219: — Pass., c. acc. νῶτον ὄπισθ' αἰχμῇ δουρὸς ἐληλαμένος Tyrt. 11.20; ἐλαύνεται εἰς τὸν μηρόν Luc. Tox. 61.

3. strike one thing against another, πρὸς γῆν ἐ. κάρη Od. 17.237; of weapons, drive through, διαπρὸ χαλκὸν ἔλασσε 22.295; [ δόρυ] διὰ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσε Il. 5.57, cf. 20.269; ἤλασε Λυγκέος ἐν πλευραῖσι χαλκόν Pi. N. 10.70: — Pass., go through, Il. 4.135, 13.595; to be fixed in, ὀϊστὸς ὤμῳ ἐνὶ στιβαρῷ ἠλήλατο 5.400; διὰ [σφονδύλου] διαμπερὲς ἐληλάσθαι Pl. R. 616e.

III metaph.,

1 beat out metal, forge, ἀσπίδα.. ἣν ἄρα χαλκεὺς ἤλασεν Il. 12.296; πέντε πτύχας ἤλασε beat out five plates, 20.270; περὶ δ' ἕρκος ἔλασσε κασσιτέρου make a fence of beaten tin (with a play on signf. 2), 18.564; εὐνὴ Ἡφαίστου χερσὶν ἐληλαμένη χρυσοῦ a bed of beaten gold, Mimn. 12.6; σίδηρος λεπτῶς ἐληλ. Plu. Cam. 41.

2. draw a line of wall, trench, etc., ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν Il. 7.450; ἀμφὶ δὲ τεῖχος ἔλασσε πόλει Od. 6.9; σταυροὺς δ' ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε 14.11; τοῖχοι ἐληλέατ' 7.86; τεῖχος τοὺς ἀγκῶνας ἐς τὸν ποταμὸν ἐλήλαται the wall has its angles carried down to the river, Hdt. 1.180, cf. 185, 191; ἐληλαμέναι πέρι πύργον having a wall built round, A. Pers. 872 (lyr.); ὄγμον ἐλαύνειν work one's way down a ridge or swathe in reaping or mowing, Il. 11.68; ἐ. αὔλακα Hes. Op. 443; ἀμπελίδος ὄρχον ἐ. to draw a line of vines, i.e. plant them in line, Ar. Ach. 995: generally, plant, produce, ἐλᾷ τέσσαρας ἀρετὰς αἰών Pi. N. 3.74.

3. κολῳὸν ἐλαύνειν prolong, keep up the brawl, Il. 1.575.

4. ἐξ ὄσσων ἐς γαῖαν ἐ. δάκρυ E. Supp. 96.