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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #121 - ἄθωος
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- not guilty, innocent, unpunished
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ἀθῷος, ον, (θωά, Ion. θωιή): —
1. scot-free, E. Ba. 672, etc.; ἐγὼ μὲν ἀ. ἅπασι D. 18.125; ἀθῴους καθιστάναι τινάς to secure their immunity, Id. 3.11; ἀθῷον ἀφιέναι Test. ap. eund. 21.107; ἀ. ἀπαλλάττειν or -εσθαι to get off scot-free, Pl. Sph. 254d, Lys. 6.4; ἀπέρχεσθαι Archipp. 40; διαφυγεῖν Men. 130.
2. c. gen., free from a thing, πληγῶν Ar. Nu. 1413; ἀ. ἀδικημάτων unpunished for offences, Lycurg. 79, cf. D.S. 14.76.
3. unharmed by, ἀθῷος τῆς Φιλίππου.. δυναστείας D. 18.270. II not deserving punishment, guiltless, ἀ. ὁ κτείνων Democr. 257; ἀ. χερσί LXX Psalms 24:4(23).4; ἀ. ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος Matthew 27:24.
III Act., causing no harm, harmless, κίνδυνος D. Prooem. 26. (ἀθῷος distinguished by Gramm. from Ἄθωος, of Mt. Athos, A. Ag. 285, cf. Hdn.Gr. 1.128.)
ἀθῶος (R G Tr), more correctly ἀθῷος (L WH and T (but not in his Sept.. There is want of agreement among both the ancient gramm, and modern scholars; cf. Stephanus' Thesaurus i. col. 875 c.; Lob. Path. Element. i. 440f (cf. ii. 377); see Iota)), , (θωή (i. e., θωϊή, cf. Etym. Magn., p. 26, 24) punishment) (from Plato down), unpunished, innocent: αἷμα ἀθῷον, Matthew 27:4 (Tr marginal reading WH text δίκαιον, (Deuteronomy 27:25; 1 Samuel 19:5, etc.; 1 Macc. 1:37; 2 Macc. 1:8); ἀπό τινος, after the Hebrew מִן נָקִי ((Numbers 32:22; cf. Genesis 24:41; 2 Samuel 3:28; Winers Grammar, 197 (185); Buttmann, 158 (138))), 'innocent (and therefore far) from,' innocent of Matthew 27:24 (the guilt of the murder of this innocent man cannot be laid upon me); ἀπό τῆς ἁμαρτίας, Clement of Rome, 1 Cor. 59, 2 [ET] (cf. Numbers 5:31). The Greeks say ἀθῷός τίνος (both in the sense of free from and unpunished for).
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ἀθῷος
(Rec. wrongly, -ῶος ; LS, s.v.; Mayser, 131), -ον
(< θωή , a penalty),
[in LXX chiefly for H5352 ni., pi., H5355;]
1. unpunished (MM, GT, s.v.).
2. innocent: Matthew 27:4 (WH, R, mg., δίκαιον ) Matthew 27:24.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
P Oxy II. 237viii. 17 (ii/A.D.) ο [ὐ ]δ ̣[ὲ ] τότε ἀθο ̑ος ἐσόμενος, ἀλλὰ τοῖς τεταγμένοις ἐπιτίμοις ἐνεχόμενος, ";and even so he shall not escape his liabilities, but shall be subject to the legal penalties";—a legal opinion quoted in the lengthy Petition of Dionysia. An earlier example is afforded by P Tebt I. 44.28 (ii/B.C.) where certain precautions are taken lest an assailant ἀθῶιος διαφύγηι, ";should escape unpunished."; Cf. Syll 790.59 (i/B.C.) ἃ ἐὰν ὀμό [σω ]σιν, ἔστωσαν ἀθῷοι.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
